4. Components of Blood

Question 1

What is plasma?

Answer 1

liquid component of blood

Question 2

What are formed elements?

Answer 2

cellular components of blood

Question 3

What are electrolytes?

Answer 3

ions such as calcium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium

Question 4

What is the main buffer of blood and what is its purpose?

Answer 4

bicarbonate; maintain the pH level of the blood

Question 5

What is the principle sugar of blood?

Answer 5

glucose

Question 6

What are the main blood proteins?

Answer 6

albumin, immunigobulins, fibrogen, and lipoproteins

Question 7

What is albumin?

Answer 7

blood protein that is essential for maintenance of oncotic pressure

Question 8

What is oncotic pressure?

Answer 8

osmotic pressure in the capillaries due only to plasma proteins

Question 9

What is fibrogen?

Answer 9

protein essential for blood clotting

Question 10

What are lipoproteins?

Answer 10

large particles containing fats, cholesterol and carrier proteins that transports lipids in the blood stream

Question 11

What is the principle metabolic waste in blood?

Answer 11

urea

Question 12

What are erythrocytes?

Answer 12

red blood cells

Question 13

What is hematocrit?

Answer 13

volume of blood occupied by erythrocytes

Question 14

What are leukocytes?

Answer 14

white blood cells

Question 15

What is the purpose of bone marrow stem cells?

Answer 15

special cells in the bone marrow that are precursors to all formed elements in the blood

Question 16

What is serum?

Answer 16

similar to plasma but lacks all the proteins involved in clotting

Question 17

What is erythropeoietin?

Answer 17

hormone made in the kidney that stimulates RBC production in the bone marrow

Question 18

What are the two important blood groups?

Answer 18

ABO group
Rh group

Question 19

What are the two special blood types?

Answer 19

AB+ is the universal recipient
O- is the universal donor