7. The Immune System Part 2 Flashcards
What is the primary immune response?
first time a person encounters an antigen; B cells can take a week to proliferate and secrete a significant amount of antibodies
What is the secondary immune response?
immune response to an antigen that has already been encountered
What is vaccination?
used to improve the immune response by exposing the immune system to an antigen associated with a virus or bacterium
What are the two types of T cells?
T helper cells
T killer cells
What is the role of T helper cells?
activate B cells, T killer cells, and other immune system cells
How do T helper cells communicate with other cells of the immune system?
interleukins and lymphokines
What is the role of T killer cells?
destroy abnormal host cells including virus infected host cells, cancer cells, and foreign cells
Where are T cells made?
thymus
What is the major histocompatability complex?
important group of cell-surface proteins located on human cells
Where are MHC class I proteins found?
found on the surface of every nucleated cell body
What is the role of MHC class I?
randomly pick up peptides from inside of the cell and display them on the cell surface to allow T cells to monitor cellular components
Where are MHC calss II proteins found?
antigen-presenting cells such as macrophages and B cells
What is the role of MHC class II proteins?
phagocytize particles or cells, chop them up, and display the fragments using the MHC II display system
When does full activation of T cells occur?
when the T cell binds to both the antigen and the MHC molecule
What are other tissues that are involved in the immune response?
bone marrow
lymph nodes
spleen
thymus
tonsils
appendix
