1. Overview of Circulatory

Question 1

What are the five main functions of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

1. distributes nutrients from the digestive tract, liver, and adipose tissue
2. transports metabolic waste products from tissues to the excretory system
3. transports hormones from the endocrine glands to targets
4. maintains homeostasis
5. hemostasis

Question 2

What is perfusion?

Answer 2

the flow of blood through a tissue

Question 3

What is ischemia?

Answer 3

inadequate blood flow

Question 4

What is hypoxia?

Answer 4

adequate circulation but a lack of oxygen

Question 5

What are arteries?

Answer 5

vessels that carry blood away from the heart at a high pressure

Question 6

What are veins?

Answer 6

vessels that carry blood back to the heart at a low pressure

Question 7

What are arterioles?

Answer 7

smaller vessels that branch off from arteries

Question 8

What are capillaries?

Answer 8

very small vessels that branch off from arterioles

Question 9

What are venules?

Answer 9

small veins that pass into larger veins leading back to the heart

Question 10

What is the inner lining of all blood vessels composed of?

Answer 10

thin layer of endothelial cells

Question 11

What are the four imoprtant roles of blood vessels?

Answer 11

vasodilation/vasoconstriction
inflammation
angiogenesis
thrombosis

Question 12

Where does the right side of the heart pump blood to?

Answer 12

lungs

Question 13

Where does the left side of the heart pump blood to?

Answer 13

the body

Question 14

What is pulmonary circulation?

Answer 14

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

Question 15

What is systemic circulation?

Answer 15

flow of blood from the heart to the body and back to the heart

Question 16

What are portal systems?

Answer 16

direct transport systems not involved in the circulatory system

Question 17

What are the two portal systems in the human body?

Answer 17

hepatic portal system
hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system