4. Articulations Flashcards
What are the ways that we can classify joints by function? Describe the function.
- Synarthrosis: immovable
- Amphiarthrosis: Slightly moveable
- Diarthrosis: Freely moveable
What are the ways that we can classify joints by structure? List them.
- Fibrous joints
- Cartilaginous joints
- Synovial joints
What are the four types of fibrous joints? Describe where you would find them in the body:
- Syndesmosis: Distal tib/fib-slightly movable
- Suture: In skull-not moveable
- Gomphosis: immovable joint in healthy gums
- Interosseus membrane: Sheet of dense connective tissue found between tib/fib AND rad/ulna
Describe what the structure of fibrous joints is:
-No synovial cavity
-Strongest joints in the body
-Held by dense connective tissue
Describe what the structure of cartilaginous joints is:
-No synovial cavity
-Bones held by cartilage
Describe what the structure of synovial joints is:
-Have synovial cavity or JOINT CAVITY
-Bones held by dense connective tissue
-Often have accessory ligaments
What are the two subtypes of cartilaginous joints? What are some structures associated with them?
- Symphysis: Pubic symphysis, IV discus, manubrium and sternum-slightly moveable designed for strength and shock absorbency, contains fibrocartilagenous discs
- Synchondrosis: Epiphysial plate, immovable joint, first rib+sternum
What are the 3 layers of a synovial joint?
- Articular capsule
- Fibrous capsule
- Inner layer
What are the six types of synovial joints?
- Gliding
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Condyloid
- Saddle
- Ball and socket
What is an example of a gliding joint in the body?
Carpals, tarsals, costovertebral, AC, sternocoastal (2-7)
What is an example of a hinge joint?
Elbow, knee, ankle, IP
Give an example of a pivot joint.
Atlanto-axial joint, radioulnar joint
Give an example of a condyloid joint:
Radiocarpal joints, MCP’s 1-5
Give an example of a ball and socket joint:
Shoulder, hip, talonavicular
Give an example of a saddle joint:
1 CMC joint
What are the four types of synovial joint accessory structures found in different parts of the body
- Ligaments
- Intracapsular ligaments
- Menisci
- Labrum
-Shoulder +hip joint
What does Bursae do?
Fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction in some joints
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis
What 3 things assist in accessibility to the shoulder joint?
- Bursae
- Ligaments
- Tendons
What is another name for the shoulder joint?
Glenohumeral joint
What are the 3 ligaments associated with the AC joint?
- Acromioclavicular
- Coracoacromial
- Coracoclavicular
Label joints and accessory structures of:
1. Shoulder joint
2. AC joint
3. Elbow Joint
4. Hip joint
5. Knee joint
6. Ankle joint
JUST DO IT-LABEL THESE AND THEN BE DONE STUDYING ANATOMY FOR THE DAY (or review already made diagrams hehe)-BUT YOU HAVE TO DO THEM YOURSELF
What are the 3 joints within the synovial cavity of the knee joint?
- Lateral tibiofemoral
- Medial Tibiofemoral
- Patellofemoral
What are the ligaments associated with the elbow joint?
- Ulnar Collateral Ligament
- Radial Collateral ligament
- Annular Ligament
What are the 4 ligaments of the knee joint?
- ACL
- PCL
- MCL
- LCL
What will happen if your femur slides posteriorly?
You will rip your ACL
What are the ligaments on the medial aspect of the ankle joint?
-Deltoid ligaments
What is a Sigon fracture?
Complete disruption of the ACL
What are the ligaments on the lateral aspect of the ankle joint?
- Anterior Talofibular ligament
- Calcaneal fibular ligament
- Posterior Talofibular ligament
What makes up the outside portion of the intervertebral disc?
The Annulus fibrosus which protects the nucleus pulposus
