4- AROMATICS (PHENOLS) Flashcards
some synthesis reactions for salicylic acid (slides 1-3
how do you synthesize salicylic acid from phenol (kolbe reaction)
why is decarboxylation irreversible?
decarboxylation happens when you add heat
CO2 exits as a gas, that is not a reversible process
what is a relevant example of decarboxylation?
how does the test for blood stains work?
the reagent is a reduced form a phenolphthalein, which has no color
if there is blood the reaction will be catalysed by hemoglobin, which has iron and there is an oxidation reaction
if there is blood it turns pink
iron goes from 3+ to 2+
why are diazo compounds used as dyes?
lots of conjugation, which reflects light in the visible region
how does a diazo coupling reaction work
what are diazo dyes used for?
colouring cloths, solvents, oiles and waxes
what is the general structure of a quinone?
6 member ring with 2 carbonyls
how can quinones be synthesized?
by using strong oxidizing agents?
what type of reactions can quinones be involved in?
redox reactions
quinones are good oxidising agents
strip electrons from molecules, become reservoirs for electrons
nature makes use of these reversible redox reactions to transport electrons from one substance to another in enzyme catalysed reactions
what is the structure of coenzyme Q and some characteristics?
electron acceptor molecules, has a benzoquinone in it
has a long isoprenoid tail, usually there are 10 units
longer than the width of the bilayer, can be folded to give a more compact structure
the tail is lipid like (hydrophobic)
can reside in the core of the membrane
carries electrons from complex 1 and 2 to complex 3 during oxphos
what is the redox reaction of coenzyme Q?
what happens if you add electron withdrawing groups to the quinone ring?
this will further stabilize the dianon and facilitate the forward reaction
it will now become an even stronger oxidizing agent
what are some quinones used as oxidising agents in org chemistry?
how is aspirin made from the hydrolysis of salicilin?
how is aspirin made by acetylation?
acid hydrolysis of salicin mechanism
mechanism of Kolbe reaction
what is the mechanism of decarboxylation?
what are the two structures of phenolphthalein during the kastle Meyer test?
what is the mechanism for the reduction of phenolphthalein?
synthesis of diphenol from phenol mechanism
mechanism of synthesis of quinone from diphenol?
