4

Question 1

Processes in early communication development (5)

Answer 1

Developing ability to listen and process sound, including speech.

Learning to co-ordinate articulatory organs to produce speech-like sounds.

Storing patterns of movement for later use in speech.

Cognitive development: Linking sounds to situations, anticipating events.

Interacting with caregivers and developing early social skills.

Question 2

0-2months (6)

Answer 2

Cries when hungry/uncomfortable.
Stops crying when picked up/soothed.

Turns and attends to voices and prolonged noises.

Vocalisations are pre-intentional:
Vegetive sounds Eg: Burping, coughing, swallowing.

Deliberate eye contact

Early (non-social) smiles.

Early vowel sounds (coos)

Question 3

2-3months (6)

Answer 3

Cries when uncomfortable.

Shows excitement at sound of approaching voices/footsteps.

Vowels, a few consonants
.
Vocalises when pleased or spoken to.
Vocalisations integrated with smiles, eye contact and gestures.

CV combinations (coo, goo)

Responds with pleasure to routines (bathing, tickling).

Question 4

4-6months (7)

Answer 4

Single syllable babbling.

Pitch glides and ‘Raspberries’ (bilabial trills)

Reacts to sounds and emotions: Smiles in response to smiles and laughs.

Watches other children.

Anticipates events and Protests.

Follows Adult’s eye gaze.

Shared attention

Question 5

6-10months (7)

Answer 5

Communication becomes intentional - Learn that communication can influence caregivers.

Canonical babbling.

Short exclamations (Ooh).

Draws attention to self.

Uses toys in play and searches for lost toys.

Initiates speech sounds and actions.

Non-verbally requests and refuses.

Question 6

10-12months (6)

Answer 6

First word(s).

Joint attention develops: Co-ordinated attention to each other AND an object or event.

Variegated (non-reduplicated) babbling (maba aga).
CV and CVC combinations with sentence-like intonation:
Uses sound/intonation with gesture to communicate.

Understands several words in context.

Waves ‘bye’ on request.

Select common objects on request.

Question 7

When develop: Sequential vocalisation pattern (turn-taking).

Answer 7

3months+

Question 8

When develop: Social smile

Answer 8

3months

Question 9

When develop: Fix gaze and hold attention

Answer 9

6 weeks

Question 10

When develop: Modify gaze (make and break eye contact).

Answer 10

3months

Question 11

What age: Vegetive sounds Eg: Burping, coughing, swallowing.

Answer 11

0-2months

Question 12

What age: CV combinations (coo, goo)

Answer 12

2-3months

Question 13

Single syllable babbling.

Answer 13

4-6months

Question 14

Pitch glides and ‘Raspberries’ (bilabial trills)

Answer 14

4-6months

Question 15

Canonical babbling.

Answer 15

6-10months

Question 16

Uses toys in play and searches for lost toys.

Answer 16

6-10months

Question 17

Joint attention develops:

Answer 17

10-12months

Question 18

First words

Answer 18

10-12months

Question 19

Variegated (non-reduplicated) babbling

Answer 19

10-12months

Question 20

Turns and attends to voices and prolonged noises.

Answer 20

0-2months

Question 21

Shows excitement at sound of approaching voices/footsteps.

Answer 21

2-3months

Question 22

Follows Adult’s eye gaze.

Answer 22

4-6months

Question 23

Non-verbally requests and refuses.

Answer 23

6-10months

Question 24

Features of infant directed speech: (7)

Answer 24

Short utterances.

Small core vocabulary.

Here and now topics.

Questions and greetings.

Treating infant’s behaviour as meaningful.

Paralinguistic modifications to pitch and loudness.

Frequent verbal rituals.

Question 25

Young infants can discriminate IDS/adult directed speech

True/False

Answer 25

True

Young infants can discriminate IDS/adult directed speech

Question 26

Show preference for IDS, even in foreign language.

True/False

Answer 26

True

Show preference for IDS, even in foreign language.

Question 27

Can facilitate word learning? True/False

Answer 27

True (Soderstrom 2007)

Question 28

Define Attachment

Answer 28

Attachment: Emotional bond where sense of security is bound up in relationship.

Question 29

Define Affectional bond:

Answer 29

Affectional bond: Enduring tie between two individuals viewed as unique.

Question 30

What are Attachment behaviours: (1)

Answer 30

Attachment behaviours: Behaviours that facilitate physical proximity to and interaction with and attached individual.

Question 31

What is Synchrony: (1)

Answer 31

Synchrony: Interlocking pattern of attachment behaviours. Routine synchrony contributes to development of attachment

Question 32

Define Secure Attachment:

Answer 32

Secure Attachment: Child uses parent as secure base and is readily consoled.

Question 33

Define Insecure attachment (1)

(3) types

Answer 33

Insecure Attachment: No secure base. Child not readily consoled.

Avoidant: Avoids contact.

Ambivalent: Little exploration.

Disorganised: Contradicting behaviour patterns.

Question 34

Factors that affect attachment (4)

Answer 34

Emotional response to infant.
Marital status.
SES.
Mental health.

Question 35

Global characteristics of attachment (3)

Answer 35

Secure attachment most common,

Avoidant most common insecure attachment.

Some aspects vary across cultures.

Question 36

Procedure used to determine infant’s ability to discriminate native from foreign language

Answer 36

high amplitude sucking procedure