4. 09/09/20 Flashcards
What is the immediate treatment of viral induced wheeze?
Combinebs (salbutamol and ipatropium) x3
What is the escalated management for VIW?
magnesium sulphate and aminophylline
Where is subcostal recession seen in neonates
It isn’t seen in neonates
Why does bronchiolitis decrease respiratory rate
It is an obstructive respiratory disease with a prolonged expiratory phase
How do you tell the difference between epiglottitis and croup?
Epiglotittis - baby is very unwell
What is the treatment of croup
Dexmethasone 0.15ml/kg
nebulised budesonide and adrenaline is also an option
In a child with respiratory symptoms what are your differentials?
Bronchiolitis- <6 months, increased WOB
Viral induced wheeze- 2-5 years old, increased WOB, wheeze
Croup- 0.5-6 years old, striodr increased WOB, wheeze
Epiglottitis- stridor, increased WOB
LRTI- Opacification, crackles, mucous secretions
Explain how a large VSD will present
Equal pressure in both ventricles
Explain how a small VSD will present
Transmission of pressure is limited
High pitched sound
Pulmonary hypertension
RV hypertrophy
Eisenmenger’s syndrome
How does a VSD present?
Presents at 6-8 weeks of age
This is due to excess pulmonary blood flow occurring around this age
Leads to tachypnoea, tachycardia, pallor and decreased weight
Hepatomegaly often first sign
How does a PDA present?
Shunts blood between aorta and pulmonary artery
Harsh machine like continuous murmur. Can radiate to the back.
What does the word hypoplastic mean?
Underdeveloped
What are the two types of coarctation of the aorta
Can either be pre or post PDA
How does a coarctation of the aorta present?
Respiratory distress,
decreased perfusion
>20mmHg diff in upper and lower limb blood pressure
Can present in children of any age, commonly 5-10
What four things are wrong in tetralogy of fallot?
VSD
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis
RVH due to pulmonary stenosis
