3. 04/09/20 Flashcards
What medications are used to reverse the following?
paraceteml overdose opiates Benzodiazipines Bradycardia Poisons
Paracetemol- n-acetyl cystine Opiates- naoxone Benzo's- flumazenil Bradycardia- atropine Poisons- activated charcoal
What is meant by malignant hyperthermia?
Hyperthermia that is very hard to treat
usually caused by sucmethasone allergy (anesthetic) leads to rigid muscle contraction and an excess production of heat
How does a club foot (talipes) present
The foot is help higher up, adducted, inverted, plantarflexed and internally rotated
What reflexes are present in babies?
Palmar grasp Sucking reflex Stepping reflex Rooting reflex moro reflex- baby throws hands out when falling
Where is a PDA murmur heard?
Radiates under the clavicles
Give some examples of anti-histamines?
Citrizine
Clomenephine
What is involved in the palliative care medicine bundle (5)
Morphine Benzos Anti-cholinergics (buscapan) for the throat paracetamol haloperidol/atropine- no idea
How do you assess a ortho patient post op?
colour, sensation, motor
What chemical is most important to replace when re-nutrition
Magnesium before calcium, phosphate etc
What crystals cause gout and pseudogout
Calcium pyrophosphate- pseudogout
Gout- uric acid
What does a blue on the testicles indicate?
appendix of morgagni
Where do the testicles from?
Develop retroperitoneally beside the kidneys
What is balantis xeritco balantis
Scarring disease of the foreskin
What is paraphimosis
What is phimosis
Phimosis- tight foreskin, should resolve with baths etc (cant be pulled down)
Paraphimosis- the same except can be pulled down just not back up
How much feed volume should baby receive?
150ml/kg/day
What is a variocele?
What is a hydrocele?
Variocele- distended veins (bag of worms)
Hydrocele- liquid in the testis (lava lamp)
How long do you have for fertility when someone presents to A&E
Golden hour for fertility
What is hirschprung’s disease?
How do you test for it?
The rectal ganglia does not form properly and it leads to a pseudo-obstruction
Intermittent rectal biopsies to grade the severity of the disease
What is found in the blood gases of a baby with pyloric stenosis?
Hypokalceimic, hypochloric metabolic alkalosis
A baby has episodes of crying then going still and looking dead. then they go back to crying. what is the diagnosis?
Volvulus- obstruction and fecal holding
What is the difference between exophalmos and gastrochisis?
Gastrochisis- bowel develops outside body in utero.
Exompthalmos- hernia out of belly button.. mainly bowel and liver. contained in a sac.
What is meant by VACTERL
V-ertebral defects A- nal atresia C-ardiac defects T-E- trachooesophageal fistula R-enal abnormalities L-imb abnormalities
A child with VACTERL usually has 3 or more of these
What are the features of down’s syndrome?
low muscle tone
small stature
upward slant to the eyes,
single deep crease across the center of the palm
Small head, ears, and mouth
a skin fold that comes out from the upper eyelid and covers the inner corner of the eye
What conditions are associated with Down’s?
speech and language hearing and vision (glue ear) autism alzeihmers and dementia hypothyroidism blood disorders (polycythemia, thrombocytosis) Atrioventricular Septal Defect , Ventricular Septal Defect, PDA and ToF. Hirschprung's, constipation
