3rd Periodic Test Flashcards
G9
It is a vent, hill, or mountain that erupts.
Volcanoes
Have erupted within the last 600 years.
Active
examples of Active vollcanoes
Mount Mayon, Mt. Biliran, Mt. Hibok-hibok
Active but not erupting.
Dormant
Expected to erupt anytime soon.
Dormant
examples of Dormant volcanoes
Mahagnao VOlcano
Have not had any eruption in the past 10 000 years.
Expected not to erupt anymore in the future.
Extinct
simplest type of volcano
Cinder Cone
example of extinct volacano
Mount Guinsiliban
are symmetrical cones
Composite/Stratovolcanoes
are formed from lava flows producing broad sloping sides and shield-like structures
Shield
less viscous basaltic lava
shield
Volcanoes can be classified as
effusive or explosive.
involve a pour of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and gas content.
Effusive eruptions
involve magma of high viscosity and gas content.
Explosive eruptions
5 types of volcanic eruptions
Phreatic, Phreatomagmatic, Strombolian, Vulcanian, Plinian
It’s a steam-driven explosion and often precedes or accompanies another type of volcanic eruption.
Phreatic
Example of Phreatic
Mt. Kanlaon
Involves the eruption of magma that reacts to external water.
Phreatomagmatic
example of Phreatomagmatic
Mt. Taal
Fountains of bursting glowing lava
Strombolian
Example of Strombolian
Mt. Mayon
Tall eruptions that go up to 20km high. Short, explosive and violent.
Vulcanian
Example of Vulcanian
Mt. mayon
Most destructive and violent eruptions.
Plinian
Example of Plinian
Mt. Pinatubo
Volcanic Formation
Magma creates large pressure, rises up creating cracks in the surrounding rock.
2. The magma reaches the earth’s surface.
3. At the surface, the magma ejects lava flow and ash deposits.
4. Over time, the lava flow and ash
deposit will cool down and solidify.
5. The magma will continue to eject lava & ash deposits until it gets bigger and bigger.
Day-to-day atmospheric conditions
Weather
Average weather prevailing in a given area over a long period of time
Climate
Factors Affecting Climate
Latitude, Prevailing WInds, Altitude, Distance from the sea
the distance (in degrees) to the north and south from the equator
Latitude
wind direction an area or region experiences most frequently
Prevailing Winds
height above sea level
Altitude
coastal areas are cooler and wetter than inland areas
Distance from the Sea
found in places near the equator; dry and wet seasons
Tropical
Very hot summers with seldom rains; arid or semiarid places
Temperate
Dry
Moderate rainfall across the year, warm summers and cool winters
Temperate
Variation of temperatures year-round: hot summers, cold winters, and a small amount of rainfall
Continental
Cool summers and very cold long winters; permafrost
Polar
Natural heating process of the Earth
The Greenhouse Effect
Change in the average weather found in a place
climate Change
Gradual increase on the Earth’s temperature
Global Warming
climatic conditions in localized areas near the Earth’s surface
Microclimate
climate inside a building or an airplane; artificial
Crypto Climate
seasonal shift in the direction of the prevailing winds of a region.
Monsoons
Brings hot and humid weather with heavy rainfall
Habagat (southwest monsoon)
a significant climate phenomena that can change the atmospheric circulation of the world
ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)
Brings cool dry air from a high pressure over Siberia.
Amihan (northeast monsoon)
“little boy” (spanish)
El Nino
El Nino
El Nino
“Little girl” (spanish)
La Nina
Cold phase of ENSO
La Nina
Rapid rotating storm over tropical oceans
Tropical Cyclones
type of Tropical Cyclone that forms over tropical or subtropical waters.
Hurricane
Mature tropical cyclone thats usually from northwest pacific
Typhoon
To help warn locals the possible impact or damage a typhoon or tropical cyclones
Public Storm Warning System
Characteristics of Stars
Brightness
Color
Temperature
Size
Mass
It is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity.
Star
t can be expressed in terms of luminosity and magnitude.
Brightness
Distance of the star from our perspective on Earth.
Apparent
Actual brightness of the star.
Absolute
The brightest are the
blue stars
The least bright are the
red stars.
It is related to its temperature.
Color
Hottest to coolest colors of stars
Blue - Yellow - Red
Stellar temperatures are in the range of
2500 to 50,000 K.
The temperature of a star helps determine its color.
true
The hotter stars emit more blue light while the cooler stars emit red light.
true
is usually the basis for other stars.
radius of the sun
The size affects the brightness of the star because luminosity is directly proportional to the square of the star’s radius.
Size
Larger star
More luminous
Smaller star
Less luminous
is used to describe the mass of the star.
Mass or stellar mass
is usually measured in terms of the sun’s mass.
Stellar mass
More mass
Hotter temperature
Less mass
Cooler temperature
Cycle of large stars
Nebula -> Main Sequence Star -> Supergiant -> Supernova -> Neutron Star/Black Hole
large stars turn to?
Black Hole or Neutron Star
Cycle of small stars
Nebula -> Main Sequence Star -> Red Giant -> Planetary Nebula -> White Dwarf -> White Dwarf Cooling -> Black Dwarf
There are ____ covering the entire northern and southern skies.
88 constellations
Group of stars
Constellation
A group of stars that is not a constellation but can be a part of a constellation.
Asterism
It is the organization that promotes and safeguard the science of astronomy.
International Astronomical Union (IAU)
Why do stars seem to travel across the sky at night differently?
The Earth rotates on its axis.
The Earth revolves around the sun.
predictions usign constellations
Astrology
Study of stars
Astronomy
Also Known as the great bear
Ursa Major
AKA Hunter
Orion
Named after the king of Ethiopia
Cephius
Capricorn
Goat
Aquarius
Water Bearer
Pisces
Fish
Aries
Ram
Taurus
Bull
Gemini
Twins
Cancer
Crab
Leo
Lion
Virgo
Maiden/Virgin
Libra
Scales
Scorpio
Scorpion
Sagittarius
Centaur/Archer
