3rd Periodic Test Flashcards
Has definite shape and volume
Solid
It has no definite shape but has definite volume
Liquid
It has no definite shape and no definite volume
Gas
Solid to Liquid
Melting
Gas to Solid
Deposition
Liquid to Solid
Freezing
Solid to Gas
Sublimation
Liquid to Gas
Evaporation
smallest particle of matter
atom
Gas to Liquid
Condensation
representation of what an atom could look like
Atomic model
particle smaller than an atom
subatomic particle
First person to use the term “atom.”
His model was “atomos”
Democritus
Believed that matter was made of four natural elements.
He opposed Democritus Ideas.
Aristotle
solid sphere/billiard ball model
John Dalton
First to discover electrons, Plum Pudding Model
J.J Thomson/ Joseph John Thomson
He discovered the nucleus and proton using the gold foil experiment. His atomic model is the nuclear model.
Ernest Rutherford
improved the model of Ernest Rutherford. He called his atomic model the planetary model.
Niels Bohr
He discovered neutrons, His model was called neutron model
James Chadwick
He used Heisenburg’s uncertainty principle to come up with the Electron Cloud Model.
Erwin Schrödinger
positively charged when it loses electrons
cation
negatively charged when it gains electrons
anion
charged atom
ion
different number of neutrons
isotopes
Lower energy orbital should be filled first before the next higher energy orbital.
Aufbau Principle
No two electrons can have exactly the same amount of quantum numbers.
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Every orbital of the same energy must be singly occupied with one electron before any orbital is double occupied.
Hund’s rule
law of triads.
Johann Dobereiner
He then created the Telluric screw
Alexander Béguyer de Chancourtois
this is called the law of octaves.
John Newlands
He then arranged the elements by increasing atomic mass
Dmitri Mendeleev
Published his own arrangement based on increasing atomic mass similar to that of Mendeleev.
Lothar Meyer
He Determined the atomic number
Henry Moseley
discovered transuranic elements (actinide and lanthanide)
Glenn Seaborg
The horizontal arrangement (nasa gilid)
Period
the vertical arrangement (sa taas)
Group
Group 1 - 2
Alkali / Earth metals
Group 3-12
Transition Metals
Group 13-12
Icosagens and Crystallogens
Group 15-16
Pnictogens and Chalcogens
Group 17
Halogens
Group 18
Noble Gases
Also known as atomic radius, it is one-half the distance between the nuclei of two atoms.
Atomic Size
It also measures the size of the atoms.
Atomic Size
It increases from right to left and up to down.
Atomic Size
Amount of energy required to remove an electron
Ionization Energy
It increases from left to right and bottom to top
Ionization Energy
The ability for elements to attract valence electrons
Electronegativity
can be found by counting the number of groups from left to right, excluding transition metals
Valence electrons
It is the ability of an atom to accept an electron.
Electron Affinity
