3rd Flashcards
HTSK
department
부서
각 부서마다 부서별 회의를 할 거예요
= Each department will have a meeting (amongst themselves)
연말이라서 부서별 회식이 많아요
= It is the end of the year, so there are a lot of staff dinners/parties among departments
저는 중앙 정부에서 가장 중요한 일을 하는 부서에서 일을 하게 되었어요
= I ended up working at the central government working on a task in the most important department
조직관리를 하는 부서에 한 명이 일을 그만둬서 새로운 사람을 구해야 돼요
= When one person quits, the department that is in charge of managing the organization has to hire a new person
그 문제를 해결하는 방법을 찾으려고 내일 각 부서가 부서별로 회의를 할 거에요
= In order to solve that problem, each department will have a separate meeting
HTSK
department in charge
담당부서
According to the BMW motorcycle division, the number of women who own motorcycles doubled from 2003 to 2014.
BMW의 오토바이 담당 부서에 따르면, 2003년부터 2014년까지 오토바이를 소유하고 있는 여성들의 숫자가 두 배가 되었다.
The Department for Transport also lays down a maximum size for a carryon bag (56cm x 45cm x 25cm).
운송 담당부서는 기내수화물의 최대 크기도 규정한다.
to take responsibility, to be in charge of
담당하다
담당 can be used by self to mean in charge of
제가 보안을 담당하는 사람이라서 다른 직원처럼 일찍 못 나가요
= I am the person in charge of security, so I can’t leave early like most other workers
그 일을 담당하는 사람이 저밖에 없기 때문에 그 종이를 저한테 주셔야 합니다
= I am the only person in charge of that job, so you have to give that paper to me
person in charge
담당자
In charge of N
담당
그 일은 제 담당이 아닙니다발음듣기
I am not in charge of it.
Actually, we don’t handle purchasing.
사실 저희는 구매 담당이 아닙니다.
담당 검사 = the prosecutor in charge
HTSK
Overnight
밤새
그것을 교정하려고 직장에서 밤새 있게 되었어요
= In order to fix it, I ended up being at work all night
그 일을 끝내야 해서 밤새 일하게 되었어요
= We had to finish that work, so we ended up staying up all night
Right through the night
밤새도록
도록: To an extent, In order to, To make(this grammer lesson 92 HTSK)
밤새 = overnight
good
Cancellation
취소
Repeat
to cancel
취소하다
취소 can be used by itself to mean cancellation
주문을 취소하고 있는 사람이 많아요 = There are a lot of people who are cancelling their order
저는 야외모임을 비 때문에 취소했어요 = I cancelled the outdoor meeting because of the rain
No trick
to cancel an order(no trick)
주문을 취소하다
to cancel a reservation
예약을 취소하다
reservations
예약
예약을 받다
take reservations
Make reservation, book
예약하다
to arrive, to reach translation, and conjugation(present, past, past formal, and present formal)(not 도착)
일러요, 이르다, 일렀어, declarative past 이릅니다, 일렀습니다,
This word follows the 르 irregular.(not tradion 르 irregular)
우리가 목적지에 이르게 되었어요
= We ended up arriving at our destination
이 길을 쭉 따라가다 보면 한 마을에 이르게 되는 데 바로 그곳이 저의 고향입니다
= Follow this road till the end and when you reach a village, that place is my hometown
to work hard
열심히 일하다
to study hard
열심히 공부하다
HTSK, lint
towards the inside, lint
안쪽(2nd, something with directon moving)
towards that direction
그쪽(think direction moving)
htsk, repeat
towards this direction
(think direction moving)이쪽
HTSK, one sided
With 쪽 what do you place, and what can you place before it
(ig)으로, noun
저는 학교 쪽으로 갈 거예요 = I will go in the direction of school
우리가 저쪽으로 가야 돼요 = We have to go that way (in that direction)
오른쪽으로 가세요 = Go right (in the direction of right)
Since I was young(past tense from)
어렸을 때부터
ㄹ 때 is like when
HTSK
To be young
어리다
저의 여자 친구는 어려요 = My girlfriend is young
저의 여자 친구는 저보다 네 살 더 어려요 = My girlfriend is four years younger than me
어렸을 때 강아지를 키우고 싶었어요 = When I was young, I wanted to raise a puppy
저는 어렸을 때부터 야구를 좋아했어요 = I’ve liked baseball since I was young
어린 한국 사람들은 대개 영어로 조금 말할 수 있어요 = Young Korean people can usually speak English a little bit
To look young(little tricky, think passive and conjugation and not informal sense, two words, one of the verb means to be seen, 젊다 isn’t part of it)
어려 보이다
어리다 means to be young
daycare/preschool(little trick, has two words toghter)
어린이집
one’s youth(젊다 in adj form not used, think season, 때, 시대, 철, 세월, 유년기 isn’t ised)
어린 시절
시절 = season, osscaion, time
HTSK
To be moderate
적당하다
적당히 먹어! = Eat moderately (don’t eat too much!)
moderately(not 알맞게)
적당히
HTSK
until that time, lint(one word, no trick think suffixes,combined)
그때까지
When using 시키다, noun thing without 하다 verb or with 하다 plus 시키다 must have
를/을(object particle) attach to noun of 하다 verb or the object of the sentence, also this means you must have an object
docs
This noun is another one of these nouns which cannot be used on its own. However, if you add (adj) ㄴ/은 to a verb stem and place this suffix after ~ㄴ/은, This noun has the meaning of “experience.”
적, meaning, how does it work and how to get that meaning, and type of word
김치를 먹은 적. It would mean “the experience of eating kimchi.” Remember that ‘적’ is a noun that means ‘experience’ when used this way.
But, you can’t end sentences with nouns, so you need to finish the sentence with 있다 or 없다 to mean “to have the experience of eating kimchi” or “to not have the experience of eating kimchi.”
거기에 간 적이 없어요 = I have never gone/been there/I haven’t been there 그 여자를 만난 적이 없어요 = I have never met that girl/I haven’t met that girl. 연예인을 만난 적이 없어요 = I have never met anybody famous
Osid
Because 적 refers to an experience, it is common to attach what to the preceding verb to indicate that the particular experience was “tried/attempted.”
(ig)아/어 보다(basically regular conjugation plus adjective form), remember with 적 must be in adjective from before
거기에 가 본 적이 없어요 = I have never been there (tried going there). 그 여자를 만나 본 적이 없어요 = I have never met that girl (tried meeting her) 저는 치과에 가 본 적이 없어요 = I have never (tried going to) been to the dentist. It is not unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.
이력서를 만들어 본 적이 없어요 = I have never tried making a resume before
그 영화를 봐 본 적이 있어요? = Have you tried seeing that that movie?
One sided
Referring to 적 refers to an experience, it is common to attach ~아/어 보다 to the preceding verb to indicate that the particular experience was “tried/attempted.”
It is unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.So it is it
(ignore) It is not unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.
Referring to 적 refers to an experience, what must you always do
Always have a verb in adj form before it.
(osid)Conjugating 이다. If the last letter of the noun before 이다 ends in a vowel, you can do what? Tell the two ways to say I am a doctor with 이다(in plain form where it ends in 다)
(ig)you can eliminate 이.
. 나는 의사다 = I am a doctor 나는 의사이다 = I am a doctor. Both of the above can be seen as correct. Here, the pronunciation of “이” is merging with the pronunciation of the vowel in the noun.
Conversely, if the last letter of the noun before 이다 is a consonant, can the merging happen?
this merging cannot happen. For example: 나는 선생님이다 = I am a teacher (correct) 나는 선생님다 – incorrect
이다(informal)(hint technically 3)
이야 to a word ending in a consonant, or ~(이)야
이다 formal for V and C
입니다 (~이 + ~ㅂ니다) for both V and C
아니다(to not be) formal version for both V and C
아닙니다
With words ending in vowels, you can do what for adding 이다 formal version. Is this more done common done talking or written?
you can eliminate ~이 and attach ~ㅂ니다 directly to the word. This is more commonly done in conversation, and not usually written.
docs
Plain form of 이다 for vowel(there is a special exception with it) and consonant.
(there is no mistake, only past tense version.) you should add ~이었다 to all words. If the word ends in a vowel, ~이었다 can contract to ~였다. 나는 선생님이었다 = I was a teacher. 나는 의사였다 = I was a doctor.
What does all this indicate?
docs
Formal High Respect of 이다 and how would you do it for vowel and consonant.
add ~이었습니다 to all words. If the word ends in a vowel, ~이었습니다 can contract to ~였습니다.
저는 선생님이었습니다 = I was a teacher. 저는 의사였습니다 = I was a doctor.
In all situations in the past tense, 아니다 form for regular, plain form, and super formal(not formal)
아니었어; 아니었다; 아니었습니다.
나는 학생이 아니었어; 나는 학생이 아니었다; 저는 학생이 아니었습니다.
adding what? to the stem of an adjective changes it to a word that can describe a noun in the future tense. Basically this translate to what?
ㄹ/을( that will be adj)
행복한 사람 = happy person 행복할 사람 = a person that will be happy
What does this indicate?
One sided
Since a adjective form either descriptive or action must be followed by a noun, what’s a common noun you use for future tense and what is something common to do also? The reason for this is to make your writing and talking more natural.
Basically this more natural than plain form for future tense adj form whether descriptive or action.
(if get right put 5 and move on)
(ignore)것, 거
나는 행복할 것이다; 나는 먹을 것이다.If you try to directly translate these sentences to English, they have the meaning: I am a thing who will be happy. I am a thing who will eat. But their actual meanings are:나는 행복할 것이다 = I will be happy. 나는 먹을 것이다 = I will eat.
것 is also sometimes shortened to 거. 저는 밥을 먹을 거예요 = I will eat rice.
one sided
for ㄹ/을 future adj, what irregular rules follow the same rule
(ignore)ㅅ irregular, ㄷ irregular and ㅂ irregular all follow the same rules. The addition of the vowel causes a change (or elimination) of the last letter of the stem.
for ㄹ/을 future adj, what irregular rules don’t follow the same rule
The ㅡ and 르 irregular are not affected by this addition.
One sided
Adding ~ㄹ/을 adj future tense to a word that follows the ㄹ irregular does what, also tell me what do you normally do with ㄹ irregular?
(ignore)Normally, you would add ~ㄹ to the stem of a word ending in a vowel, and ~을 to the stem of a word ending in a consonant. EX: 잃다 + ~ㄹ/을 = 잃을
However, when you add ~ㄹ/을 to a stem of a word that ends in ㄹ, the ㄹ is dropped and ㄹ is attached directly to the stem. In effect, you remove something and replace it with exactly the same thing. For example:갈다 + ㄹ/을 = 갈; 빨다 + ㄹ/을 = 빨; 열다 + ㄹ/을 = 열; 저는 문을 열 거예요 = I will open the door (열 + 을 = 열)(basically you remove 다)
htsk, see diff with other
to be beautiful(see diff with other beautiful)
(3 anwsers)(not
Give me the conjugation for present, polite, imperative(세요), if form(면))
곱다
(고와요, 고우세요, 고우면)
The ㅂ in 돕다 and 곱다 (only for these verb) changes to 오 only when ~아/어 (or any derivative like ~았/었다 or ~아/어요) is added. When adding any other letter, ㅂ changes to 우. 돕 + 았어요 = 도 + 오 + 았어요 = 도왔어요
저 가수는 목소리가 곱고 맑아서 어르신들이 특히 좋아해요
= That singer’s voice is so beautiful and clear, he is particularly liked among older people
저는 매일 선크림을 발라서 나이에 비해 피부가 곱다는 소리를 많이 들어요
= I put sunscreen on every day, so I hear a lot that my skin is beautiful for my age
NT
to one’s skin to be beautiful(아름답다, 예쁘다 isn’t used
피부가 곱다
for one’s voice to be beautiful
목소리가 곱다
skin, flesh
피부(chinese, but can be used by itself)
피부가 곱다
have smooth skin
NT
hot café latte(NT)
따뜻한 카페라테
Vanilla
바닐라
When talking about sizes at cafes, try to use the
pattern, how to order tall, small, large, and grande
‘(사이즈)~로주세요.’
톨 사이즈로 주세요. tall size
스몰 사이즈로 주세요 small size
라지 사이즈로 주세요 large size
그란데 사이즈로 주세요 grande size
brownies
브라우니
Bagel
베이글
(pronounced as 베(little) pause글
https://papago.naver.com/?sk=en&tk=ko&hn=0&st=bagel
a receipt
영수증
tissue(paper)konglish
티슈
If you want to order more items besides your
drink, use what?
I’d also like a chocolate cake.
give me the pronounication also
‘~도 주세요’
초콜릿케이크도 주세요.
(basically like very small pause after 케 and just ignore 이)
Give me some water, please
물 좀 주세요.
I’d like it to go.(food)
포장해 주세요.
Not how you think
Lots of ice, please.(not how you think, in the sense of to put)
얼음 많이 넣어 주세요.
Just a little whipped cream,
please.(insert, put verb is used)
휘핑크림 조금만 넣어 주세요.
whipped cream
휘핑크림
Give meaning and pronounication
key(to, key point)
(sports, game)points
(the size of the type) point, font (size)
포인트, give me the three meanings
Pronounced as pointu
이 요리의 포인트는 신선한 재료다
Fresh ingredients are key to this dish.
Loyalty(point) card
포인트 카드
I’d like a loyalty card, please.(tricky, verb for make is used)
포인트 카드 만들어 주세요.
Soy milk
두유
skim milk(hint is fat-free)
무지방 우유
Chinese fat free, can be used by itself usally
무지방
Use low-fat or nonfat salad dressings.
무지방 샐러드 드레싱을 이용하십시오.
요구르트 무지방 = fat free yogurt
as a fat free dip for shrimp.
새우를 찍어먹는 무지방 디핑소스로 쓰세요.
Yogurt
요구르트
to change, to exchange(really easy, 변경하다 isn’t it)
바꾸다
우리는 계획을 바꿔야 돼요 = We have to change our plans
저는 내일의 예정을 바꿨어요 = I changed tomorrow’s schedule
비가 온 다음 날에 하늘은 보라색으로 바꿨어요 = The sky turned purple the day after the rain
새로운 핸드폰을 사고 전화번호를 바꿨어요 = After buying a new phone, I changed my phone number
그 식당은 메뉴를 바꿨어요 = That restaurant changed its men
to change places/seats
자리를 바꾸다
a seat, a place(spot(space))to put something
Incredibly common word that is used in very important situations. This word is some area of space, but not really 3-dimensional space. It is more space on the ground or something similar to that. For example, if somebody is standing where you are standing, you could say “get out of my place/my spot!” In that case, you can use this word. In practice, it is very commonly used to have the meaning “seat”:
자리, meaning and connotation of meaning(kind of long) and when not to use the word and commality and circumstances, give me a instance of when to use this word?
자리가 없어요 = There are no seats/there is nowhere to sit
그 책을 제자리에 두세요 = Put that book back in its place
각 자리에 번호가 쓰여 있어요 = There is a number written on each seat
Put that book back in its place(for in place, tricky, 놓다, 마련하다)
그 책을 제자리에 두세요
there is no place/nowhere to sit/no space(all meaning basically nowhere to sit)
Give me all the similar translations as it helps speaking and understanding
자리가 없다
(gif)
there is a place/somewhere to sit/space
(gif)자리가 있다
tricky
to save hold onto a seat(tricky)
자리를 잡다
tricky, lint
일자리
a position at work,lint
자리를 뜨다
to get up from a seat(이탈하다, 떠오르다 isn’t used, has a verb that has veried but similar meanings)
뜨다 basically has a vibe of to rise
checked
제자리
the right/proper place
to open one’s eyesIf
it is not used to refer to opening one’s eyes, it is usually used to indicate that something is raised, lifted or floating.
눈을 뜨다
비행기가 뜨다 = for an airplane to take off
해가 뜨다 = for the sun to rise
그 남자는 눈을 뜬 채로 죽었다 = That man died with his eyes open
저는 프랑스에 유학을 가서 예술 세계에 눈을 떴어요
= I studied abroad in France and my eyes were opened to the art world
아침에 눈을 뜨자마자 저는 꼭 커피를 마셔야 해요
= As soon as I wake up in the morning (as soon as my eyes open), I need to have coffee right away
for the sun to rise
해가 뜨다
for an airplane to take off
비행기가 뜨다
to open one’s eyes(reason matter since it is more natural way)
눈을 뜨다
Open one’s eyes to new ideas/thinking/world (to not know about something, and then for something to make you realize a new way of thinking)
새로운 세계에 눈을 뜨다
자리를 차지하다
to occupy a place, seat(phrase with verb)
HTSK
to occupy a space(verb not phrase)
차지하다
차지 not really used by itself
그 차는 넓은 공간을 차지하고 있어요 = That car takes up a lot of room/space
Can I have low-fat milk
instead?(tricky)(doesn’t have 무지방)
저지방 우유로 바꿔 주세요.
바꾸다 to change, to exchange = to change
High fat(in like nutrution, food,and content)
고지방
foods which are high in fat
지방이 많이 함유된 식품[고지방 식품]
Also, reduce the amount of high-sugar, high-fat junk foods you eat.
또한 여러분이 먹는 당분이 많고 고지방의 정크 푸드 양을 줄이세요.
Low fat(not fat free)
저지방
무지방 is fat free
Use low-fat or nonfat salad dressings.
저지방/무지방 샐러드 드레싱을 이용하십시오.
Low-fat Pumpkin Muffins– These delicious pumpkin muffins are easy to make.
저지방 호박 머핀– 맛있는 호박 머핀을 만드는 건 아주 쉽습니다.
fatty acid(Fatty acids are the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat)
지방산
산성 = acidity
acidity(noun that acts like adj)
산성, 산성의(의 comes before noun when descrbing something)(this one not realated to mountain)
산성이 높은 비를 산성비라고 해요
= Rain with a high acidity is called “acid rain”
Many parts of Wales have naturally acidic soil.
웨일스의 많은 지역은 원래 토양이 산성이다.
Dairy products are a good source of protein, but are also high in fat, acid and mucus-forming, and difficult for many people to digest.
유제품은 단백질의 좋은 원천이지만 지방 또한 많고 산성과 점액 형태이고, 많은 사람들이 소화시키기 어렵습니다.
This natural process involves the amount of acidity when rocks and water interact.
이 자연적인 과정은 돌과 물이 상호작용할 때 산성의 양을 포함한다.
Turn into a big acid drooling monster, I don’t care.
산성의 침을 흘리는 큰 괴물로 변하세요, 전 신경안써요.
saturated fat(a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules without double bonds, considered to be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fat.)
포화지방
saturation, saturated(noun that acts like adj)
(fire and shelling)gunfire and fire(means more gunfire, don’t stress to much about fire)
포화
enemy artillery-fire increased hourly in violence.
적의 포화가 시시 각각으로 맹렬해졌다
서울의 인구는 포화 상태에 이르렀다발음듣기
The population of Seoul has reached its maximum.
a scrubber system to remove dust contained in saturated waste gas
포화 폐기 가스에 포함된 분진을 제거하기 위한 집진기 체계
The company had saturated the market for personal organizers.
그 회사가 개인 업무용 수첩 시장을 포화 상태로 만들어 놓은 상태였다.
포화를 퍼붓다발음듣기
rain fire (on)
unsaturated fat(a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules with at least one double bond, considered to be healthier in the diet than saturated fat.)
불포화지방
불포화 isn’t used out of this, but 포화 is.
포화 means saturation
Make it a double shot, please.
샷 추가해 주세요.
추가하다 = to add
to add to(not math), to supplement
추가하다
The noun form of this word (“추가”) translates to “a supplement.”
체크아웃을 늦게 하면 추가요금이 있나요?
= If I check-out late, are there additional fees?
부치는 짐이 20kg를 초과하면 추가요금을 내야 해요
= If the baggage you are sending exceeds 20 kg, you will have to pay an additional fee
이 제품을 신용카드로 구입하시면 추가 수수료가 있습니다
= If you purchase this item with a credit card, there is an additional fee
제가 예산계획을 제출하니 혹시 추가하고 싶은 게 있으면 알려주세요
= I am going to submit the budget plan, so if by chance you have something you want to add, let me know
additional fees
추가요금
추가하다 = to add to, to supplement
NT
추가(not subj particle)N
추가되다. Passive verb
a supplement N, additional
also give me it passive(하다) version(no trick)
A service charge of 15% was added on to the bill.
그 계산서에는 15%의 서비스료가 추가되었다.
He paid the extra cost without a murmur.
그는 잠자코 추가 비용을 지불했다.
new software with additional functionality
부가 기능이 추가된 새 소프트웨어
I’ve put in a special request for further information.
내가 추가 정보를 달라고 특별히 청을 넣었다.
preply
shot
샷
No whipped cream, please.(NT, there is no 없다 또는 아니요, has a verb that isn’t used in traditonal way, but in one of its ways)
휘핑크림 빼 주세요.
빼다 hold, take out, deflate
HTSK
(the color) green
초록색
제가 가장 좋아하는 색깔은 초록색이에요 = My favorite color is green
저는 초록색 펜으로 썼어요 = I wrote with a green pen
HTSK
(the color) purple
보라색
저의 아버지는 보라색 차를 사고 싶어요 = My father wants to buy a purple car
비가 온 다음 날에 하늘은 보라색으로 바뀌었어요 = The sky turned purple the day after the rain
$
(the color) light green
연두색
연두색(의) 바지를 샀어요 = I bought green pants
$
(the color) pink,(hint the korean version and diff with the konglish)
분홍색
(핑크(색) is konglish and is more common)
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag
HTSK
pink konglish and diff with korean, give me 2
핑크(색) is more common
$
(the color) brown
갈색
그 여자의 머리가 갈색이에요 = That girl’s hair is brown
$
(the color) red
적색
정부는 지진 가능성 때문에 적색 경보를 내렸어요 = The government issued a red alert because of the possibility of an earthquake
HTSK
signal
신호
신호를 보면 저에게 말을 바로 해 주세요
= When/if you see the signal, let me know immediately please
길을 건너지 말라는 신호를 무시하고 달리다가 그 남자는 심하게 다쳤어요
= The man was severely injured while running, after ignoring the “Don’t Cross” signal
HTSK
a red light, warning sign
적신호
적색 = red
a traffic light
호등
HTSK
to get stopped at a traffic light(tricky)
신호에 걸리다
HTSK
scientist
과학자
과학자가 되면 돈을 많이 벌 거예요 = If you become a scientist, you will earn a lot of money
과학자가 되면 피부에 습도의 영향을 연구하고 싶어요
= When/if I become a scientist, I want to study the effects of humidity on the skin
발명품을 완성하자마자 그 과학자는 특허를 냈어요
= As soon as the scientist completed his invention, he/she got it patented
HTSK
to put on a shirt
셔츠를 입다
HTSK
to change one’s shirt(tricky)
셔츠를 갈아입다
갈아입다 isn’t really used by itself, it is used to mean change clothes like in viet you when change clothes where you use one verb
to change one’s clothes
옷을 갈아입다
갈아입다 isn’t really used by itself, it is used to mean change clothes like in viet you when change clothes where you use one word
good
red(2nd, has ㅎ) the verb version
빨갛다
good
white(color), give the verb
하얗다
good
black(color), give the verb
까맣다
done
Blue(color), give me the verb
파랗다
fingernail
손톱
저는 저의 등을 손톱으로 긁었어요 = I scratched my back with my fingernails
손톱을 왜 이렇게 짧게 잘랐어요? = Why did you cut your nails so short (like this)?
to trim one’s nails
손톱을 깎다
htsk
readers(in like people)
독자
Harry Potter의 독자들은 보통 중학교 혹은 고등학생이에요 = Most readers of Harry Potter are middle or high school students
htsk
to paint one’s nails
손톱을 칠하다
good
to paint
칠하다
the paint evenly over the wall
페인트를 벽에 고르게 칠하다.
put on a lick of paint
페인트를 약간 칠하다.
to paint the outside of a box
상자 바깥 쪽에 색을 칠하다
htsk
back of hand
손등
그는 손등에 뭔가를 썼어요 = He wrote something on the back of his hand
yellow adj form
노란
from 랗다, ㅎ irreg adj
red adj form the one with ㅃ
빨간
from 빨갛다, ㅎ irreg adj
white(color) adj form
하얀
from 하얗다 , ㅎ irreg adj
black(color) adj form
까만
from 까맣다, ㅎ irreg adj
blue adj form
파란
from 파랗다, ㅎ irreg adj
how to make these color words as nouns not as adj to litteraly mean the color yellow
the color red
the color white
the color black
the color blue
you can add “색” after the adjective form of the color:
빨간색
하얀색, 까만색 , 파란색
give me what is translation and what does it do
one sided
how can you these colors: 노란색
빨간, 하얀, 까만색, 파란색
(ignore) just use as normal adj
저 노란 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow house is pretty
빨간 사과는 가장 맛있어요 = Red apples are the most delicious
그녀는 빨간 셔츠를 입고 있다 = She is wearing a red shirt
How can you use these without meaning its literal meaning 노란색 , 빨간색 ,하얀색
파란색, 까만색
Though these words are nouns, they are often placed before another noun to describe it.(Noun adj)
저 노란색 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow (colored) house is pretty
그녀는 빨간색 셔츠를 입고 있어요 = She is wearing a red (colored) shirt
나는 하얀색 차를 사고 싶어 = I want to buy a white (colored) car
Other than traditional uses of possesive and of, what doe 의 do?
This suffix can be attached to words that commonly describe nouns (like adjectives). Very common to find noun like adj placed before nouns to describe them, but are technically classified as adverbs or nouns. It is acceptable to attach the particle “~의” to these adjective-like adverbs or nouns when they describe an upcoming noun.
for 의 using for adj like adverbs or nouns, what is a connonotation about it and also more common in written or speech when using it and diff with not using it
The meaning is the same when using “~의” or not using it, but in speech it is more common to not use it.
whats the vibe and ambiance of using 의 with color words
Although acceptable and understandable, it would be slightly more natural to not use ~의 with these color words.
lint
most(adj noun) translation and what is it commony used and connotation
a common word that ~의 is attached to is “대부분, which is optional
Just like in English 대부분 is usually placed immediately before a noun to say “the word meaning (noun).”
대부분 사람들… = Most people… 대부분 부부들… = Most couples…
In each case, it is also possible to attach ~의. 대부분의 독자들… = Most readers…
one sided, grav(give me 2 grav, look at examples)
what is acceptable to place after connected to the counter like 줄, 개
(ignore) ~의
나는 두 개의 햄버거를 먹었어 = I ate two hamburgers. 나는 어제 다섯 명의 친구를 만났어 = I met five friends yesterday
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag
남자 친구가 보라색(의) 꽃 한 송이를 샀어요 = My boyfriend bought one purple flower
초록색 = (the color) green 연두색 = (the color) light green 회색 = (the color) grey
보라색 = (the color) purple 분홍색 = (the color) pink 갈색 = (the color) brown
These words are what kind and type of word and give me connotation on how it is placed and form. Can they be in adjective form also?
These colors are color words, but they do not have an adjective form like ㅎ irreg color words like 빨갛다 and 빨간색. To use these words to describe the color of something, they can be placed immediately before a noun (naturally) without ~의 and (slightly unnaturally) with 의.
저는 초록색(의) 펜으로 쓰고 싶어요 = I want to write this with a green pen
연두색(의) 바지를 샀어요 = I bought green pants
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag
look at ex if don’t understand why
노랗다(yellow) conjugation present, past, future
future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
노래(요) and 노랬어(요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?
When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
불이 노래요 = The light is yellow
look at ex if don’t understand why
빨갛다(red) conjugation present, past, future
future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
빨개 (요) and 빨갰어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?
When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
얼굴이 왜 빨개요? = Why is your face red?
look at ex if don’t understand why
하얗다(white, color) conjugation present, past, future
future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
하얘(요) and 하얬어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?
When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
유럽 사람의 피부는 하얘요 = European people’s skin is white
look at ex if don’t understand why
까맣다(black, color) conjugation present, past, future
future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
까매(요) and 까맸어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?
When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
그 여자의 머리가 까매요 = That girl’s hair is black
look at ex if don’t understand why
파랗다(blue, color) conjugation present, past, future
future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
파래(요) and 파랬어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?
When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
저 남자의 눈이 진짜 파래요 = That man’s eyes are really blue
one sided
what are the ㅎ irregular colors
(ignore) 노랗다, 빨갛다, 하얗다, 까맣다, 파랗다
one sided
With the 노랗다, 빨갛다, 하얗다, 까맣다, 파랗다, what is another way you can do to use in like a verb without in verb form or conjugating or adj form in the sense of the ending of the sense
(ignore)You can use it in noun form not adj form plus 이다
불이 노란색이에요 = The light is (the color) yellow
얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요? = Why is your face (the color) red
유럽 사람의 피부는 하얀색이에요 = European people’s skin is (the color white)
one sided
The nuance difference and connotation of difference between using the verb form of ㅎ irregular color and using the ㅎ irregular color with 이다?
“얼굴이 왜 빨개요?” and “얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요?” difference
(ignore) “얼굴이 왜 빨개요?” would be more about a face being red as a result of it blushing, whereas “얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요?” would be more about a face that is actually red from something like paint. This nuance is very subtle. It’s very hard to articulate this difference into words. In a way, I find the difference between the two similar to “why is your face red?” and “why is your face the color red?”
(basically like color used as adj and how generally used in verb conjugated form and the noun form with 이다 is like ‘THE COLOR,” is the color more talking about the color like art.)
one sided
How to add ~ㅂ/습니다(give me connotation to it), 니 to ㅎ irreg like color verbs, 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 , and etc
(ignore)just add ㅂ/습니다(습니다 since ㅎ is 바침) normal, no effect renember that irreg across the board isn’t affect by this, but not always ㄹ irreg is like rare exception where ㄹ is removed and ㅂ is added directly under.
The ㅎ is removed, and ~니 is added after the stem.
노랗다 + ~ㅂ/습니다 = 노랗습니다
노랗다 + ~니 = 노라니
one sided
How to add , 니 to ㅎ irreg like color verbs, 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다, and etc
(ignore) The ㄹ is removed, and ~니 is added after the stem.
살다 + ~니 = 사니
docs
I have something to do(weired)
Essentially saying “I have a task that I will do.”
저는 할 일이 있어요
docs, no trick
See you on Monday!(no trick)
월요일에 봐요!
Economical
경제적
Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.
scientific
과학적
Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.
science
과학
impulse/shock
충동
impulsive
충동적
Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.
democracy
민주
Democratic
민주적
Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.
culturally
문화적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
한국은 지난 50년 동안 문화적으로 많이 변했어요 = Korea has changed a lot culturally in the period of/during/for the past 50 years
economically
경제적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
그것은 경제적으로 가능하지 않아요 = That isn’t economically possible
historically
역사적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
한국과 미국은 역사적으로 좋은 관계가 있다 = Historically, Korea and the US have had a good relationship
scientifically
과학적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
그들은 그 문제를 과학적으로 풀었다 = They solved that problem scientifically
impulsively
충동적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
저는 자주 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I often buy clothes impulsively
democratically
민주적으로
Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
미국은 대통령을 민주적으로 선출해요 = America elects its president democratically
Grav, docs, htsk
“like this.”
By adding ~게 to the stem of 이렇다 we get 이렇게,
이렇게, meaning(1), type of word and from what what word
저는 이렇게 하고 싶어요 = I want to do it like this
왜 이렇게 일찍 가요? = Why are you going so early (like this)?
이 일은 왜 이렇게 어려워요? = Why is this so hard (like this)?
Grav
When Korean people ask a “why” question, they often stress “why” by using what?
이렇게
왜 이렇게 일찍 가요? = Why are you going so early (like this)?
이 일은 왜 이렇게 어려워요? = Why is this so hard (like this)?
lint
to represent some sort of task or thing that somebody has to do (regardless of if we would call it “work” in English).
일(not day or anything of number) meaning and connotation
grav. dh
“like that.”(close to the speaker and general)
adverb
word, and where is the word from
By adding ~게 to the stem of 그렇다 we get 그렇게.
그렇게 meaning and connotation
저는 그렇게 생각하지 않아요 = I don’t think like that
저는 그렇게 운동하고 싶어요 = I want to exercise like that
like this, like that, like that(over there)
word, and connotation of meaning and usage.
이렇다, along with 그렇다 and 저렇다 is rarely used in its dictionary form. It is generally used in two ways: as an adjective and as an adverb.
grav, dh
Adverb form of 저렇다
저렇게
like that
(something that is far from the listener and the speaker)
아빠는 왜 저렇게 말하고 있어요? = Why is dad talking like that?
저 사람이 왜 저렇게 걸어요? = Why is that person walking like that?
이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can be used as what
can also be used as the predicating word (i.e. the end) of a sentence. These are usually only seen in relatively simple sentences asking or indicating if something is “like this/like that.”
이 학교도 그렇지 않습니까? = Is this school not like that as well?
네, 그렇습니다 = Yes, that is correct (that is the way it is)
One sided, grav
이렇다, 그렇다 or 저렇다 conjugation in present tense
(grav) give me the common usage and meaning and commanlity in English using with the three words, hint there is there is only two words and is a question.
(ignore) ㅎ irreg
when ~아/어 (or a derivative like 았/었) an irregular conjugation occurs: the ㅎ is dropped and the ㅓ changes to ㅐ.
왜 이래? 왜 그래? 왜 저래?
“Why are you like this/that?” This is very common in Korean conversation, as it essentially is like saying “what’s wrong?” or “what’s the matter” or “what the ** are you doing?”
repeat
왜 이래? 왜 그래? 왜 저래?
meanings(4, very similar) and commanality and connotation
“Why are you like this/that?” This is very common in Korean conversation, as it essentially is like saying “what’s wrong?” or “what’s the matter” or “what the ** are you doing?”
From ㅎ irreg 그렇다 conjugated, 그래요(2nd) usage and connotation and what it basically means
(hint not 내, 알다, 알겠다)
specifically is also commonly used by people to express their content/agreement with some sort of statement or situation.
sure(like that is fine)
Person 1:내일 공원에 같이 가고 싶어요? = Do you want to go to the park together tomorrow?
Person 2: 그래요. 같이 가요 = Sure (like that is fine). Let’s go together.
Person 1: 제가 지금 갈 거예요 = I’m going to go now
Person 2: 그래요! = Sure (like that is fine)
From ㅎ irreg 그렇다 conjugated, 그래요 (not to express content and agreement) usage and connotation and what it basically means
In this same respect, it is often used as a question to express one’s “disbelief” or “shock.” In reality, the speaker isn’t actually “shocked” or “in disbelief” but is merely showing his/her interest
Really!? (It’s like that?)
Person 1: 저는 지난 주에 캐나다에 있었어요 = I was in Canada last week
Person 2: 그래요? 어디에 갔어요? = Really!? (It’s like that?) Where did you go?
Person 1: 나는 보통 고기를 안 먹어 = I usually don’t eat meat
Person 2: 그래? 왜 안 먹어? = Really? (It’s like that?) Why don’t you eat it?
one sided
What should you know about 그렇다?
(ignore) a) How versatile 그렇다 is
b) The general meaning of 그렇다
c) How this meaning can be applied to many, many other grammatical principles.
How would it be if,
what do you think about
어떨까
good, grav 2(for the present tense(give me a dialogue), and the general
“how is/was the…?” or “what do/did you think about…?”
It is also very commonly used in the present tense to say “how about… ?/what do you think of…?”
어때 can only be used as “how about” in a limited number of cases. In the example I just gave about choosing a good picture, 어때 can be translated to “how about.” But what about in example with the boyfriend?:
It is used when you want to ask somebody’s opinion/evaluation of something. It sounds more natural in Korean for the thing you are asking about with “어때” to not have a particle.
It is repeated from another deck, to better understand this word
어때, meanings(4 very similar has / plus 2 which is commonaly used in what tense having one word already in the example)give me 5, connotations on usage and using it naturally? What should you know between the usage in the 2 ways of the coommonly way to say in what tense again?
How the word is concstructed:
어떻다(what 어떻게, way more common) is an adjective that is barely used
~아/어하다 can be added to some adjectives (You already know about 좋다 + ~아/어하다 = 좋아하다)
The addition of ~아/어하다 causes the ㅎ to drop (ㅎ irreg like the colors)
어떠하다 can conjugate to 어떠해
Say 어떠해 fast enough and it comes out as “어때”
남자 친구 어때? = How is your boyfriend? (is he good/bad/handsome/etc..?)
점심 어때? = How about lunch? / What do you think about lunch?
Think of this example. You and I are searching through a bunch of pictures, trying to find the best one for my profile picture on Facebook. I find one that I like, but I want to ask you “what do you think about this picture/how about this picture?” In that case, I can say:
이 사진(이) 어때? = How about this picture?
점심 어땠어요? = How was the lunch?/What did you think about the lunch? (was it delicious?)
One sided
“뭐” and “what” act as a what?
Give me the connotation of adding particles after 뭐 like 뭐를.
(igonore) It act as a pronouns in their respective sentences.
Putting particles after 뭐 like 뭐를 먹었어요? is weired.
However, One of the times it is possible to attach a particle to 뭐 is when asking somebody what they are referring to in a previous sentence where a noun was omitted, though not common compared to 무엇을
저는 많이 먹었어요 = I ate a lot
Person 2: 뭐를? = what? (you ate a lot of what?)
파일을 첨부했어요 = I attached the file
뭐 첨부했어요? = What did you attach?
치마를 입었어요 = I put on a skirt
뭐 입었어요? = What did you put on/wear?
One sided, 2 questions
(2 Questions)
Is it not more common to attach ~을 to 무엇 than with 뭐.
When used before 이다 to ask what something “is,” it is more common to use 뭐 or 무엇.
(ignore) it is more common to attach ~을 to 무엇 than with 뭐.
When used before 이다 to ask what something “is,” it is more common to use 뭐 than 무엇.
점심을 먹었어? = Did you eat lunch?
무엇을 먹었어? = What did you eat?
이름이 뭐예요? = What is your name?
one sided
무슨, “what” how is it placed, and connotation when using it
(ignore)무슨 is placed before nouns to describe them.
무슨 is used when the speaker is asking a question and has no idea what the answer will be. The answer could be almost an unlimited choice of options.
무슨 영화를 보고 싶어요? = What movie do you want to see?
그것이 무슨 냄새야? = What is that smell?
무슨 생각(을) 해? = What are you thinking?
grav
어떤(2nd usage nothing realated to which)
어떤 남자는 어제 여기에 왔어 = Some man came here yesterday
Here, 어떤 is used to show that the speaker knew a man came, but is unsure of specifically who he was. This can be applied to other nouns as well when the speaker is aware of some object, but is unsure of what specific object is in question.
(unsure of specific object/noun)
저는 어떤 책을 읽고 있었어요 = I was reading some book
(the speaker doesn’t know exactly what book he was reading)
저는 어떤 건물에 들어갔어요 = I went into some building
(the speaker doesn’t know exactly what building he went into)
korean querty, keyboard layout for the computer
두벌식
NT
중하교(nt)
middle school
어느, 뜻 그리고 difference with 무슨, 어떤, what is something understood of all three
Which, similar to 어떤, “to choose from a selection of options.”
Like 무슨 and 어떤, this word is placed immediately before nouns.
Don’t use this when asking about the type of characteristics or properties of something(어떤)
Don’t use this when asking about something that you can’t expect the answer for(무슨)
Though it can be interchangable like
무슨 집에서 살아요? = What house do you live in?
어떤 집에서 살아요? = Which house do you live in?
어느 집에서 살아요? = Which house do you live in?
무슨 대학교를 다녀요? = What university do you go to?
어떤 대학교를 다녀요? = Which university do you go to?
어느 대학교를 다녀요? = Which university do you go to?
어느 영화를 보고 싶어요? = Which movie do you want to see?
One sided
무슨 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? Is this valid or not, and reason why and give me others ways to say this
(ignore) This would generally not be said. You would most likely say this when standing on a street (or somewhere similar), where you have a selection of options to choose from.
어떤 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? = Which way do you want to go?
어느 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? = Which way do you want to go?
What time is it?
몇 시예요?
One sided, grav
If you want to ask “how many ___?” you must include what to what
(ignore)“몇” before the counter:
차가 몇 대 있어요? = How many cars do you have?
친구를 몇 명 만났어요? = How many friends did you meet?
어제 학교에 몇 번 갔어요? = How many times did you go to school yesterday?
When you say “몇 번” or “몇 대” or “몇 명” you have essentially created a question word. Just like most other question words, what are typically not attached and what can be naturally attached in what way?
(ignore)particles are not typically attached
it is more natural to place them after the noun that you are asking about, and not after the counter.
치마를 몇 개 샀어요? = How many skirts did you buy?
그 종이를 몇 번 찢었어요? = How many times did you rip that paper?
preply for one of example
Sino zero and when should you use(there are 4 scenarios)
Points that can be given or taken away, like in a game. For example, when saying the score “2 – 0”, you would say “이 대 영”. Another example would be if you are in a quiz show, and you ask your friend how many points she has, she could say “영점”
The temperature “zero”
When using numbers in math (which, if you’re just learning Korean now, you probably won’t do for a long time)
Phone numbers. , when saying “010 – 5555 – 5555”, all the zeros should be read as what?
공 is used for what, think number
grav
age counter and use sino or native
살, used native is counter for what
저는 열 살이에요 = I am ten years old
저의 여자 친구는 스물여섯 살이에요 = My girlfriend is twenty six years old
How old are you?
몇 살이에요?
good, grav
length, distance, time, etc.) (writing, time, etc.) short, brief
thoughtless thinking
짧다, meanings(1st one has two and has a second one) and contexts to use it
짧은 치마를 입다발음듣기
wear a short skirt
그런 식으로 말하다니 내 생각이 짧았다
I was thoughtless to speak that way.
Small children have a short attention span.
어린 아동들은 집중 시간이 짧다.
She has a very short memory
그녀는 기억력이 짧다
how short
얼마나 짧다
how pretty
얼마나 예쁘다
“얼마나” can be placed before adjectives and adverbs to mean what?
how, “얼마나” can be placed before what to mean this?