3rd Flashcards

1
Q

HTSK

department

A

부서

각 부서마다 부서별 회의를 할 거예요
= Each department will have a meeting (amongst themselves)

연말이라서 부서별 회식이 많아요
= It is the end of the year, so there are a lot of staff dinners/parties among departments

저는 중앙 정부에서 가장 중요한 일을 하는 부서에서 일을 하게 되었어요
= I ended up working at the central government working on a task in the most important department

조직관리를 하는 부서에 한 명이 일을 그만둬서 새로운 사람을 구해야 돼요
= When one person quits, the department that is in charge of managing the organization has to hire a new person

그 문제를 해결하는 방법을 찾으려고 내일 각 부서가 부서별로 회의를 할 거에요
= In order to solve that problem, each department will have a separate meeting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

HTSK

department in charge

A

담당부서

According to the BMW motorcycle division, the number of women who own motorcycles doubled from 2003 to 2014.
BMW의 오토바이 담당 부서에 따르면, 2003년부터 2014년까지 오토바이를 소유하고 있는 여성들의 숫자가 두 배가 되었다.

The Department for Transport also lays down a maximum size for a carryon bag (56cm x 45cm x 25cm).
운송 담당부서는 기내수화물의 최대 크기도 규정한다.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

to take responsibility, to be in charge of

A

담당하다

담당 can be used by self to mean in charge of

제가 보안을 담당하는 사람이라서 다른 직원처럼 일찍 못 나가요
= I am the person in charge of security, so I can’t leave early like most other workers

그 일을 담당하는 사람이 저밖에 없기 때문에 그 종이를 저한테 주셔야 합니다
= I am the only person in charge of that job, so you have to give that paper to me

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

person in charge

A

담당자

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In charge of N

A

담당

그 일은 제 담당이 아닙니다발음듣기
I am not in charge of it.
Actually, we don’t handle purchasing.
사실 저희는 구매 담당이 아닙니다.
담당 검사 = the prosecutor in charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

HTSK

Overnight

A

밤새

그것을 교정하려고 직장에서 밤새 있게 되었어요
= In order to fix it, I ended up being at work all night

그 일을 끝내야 해서 밤새 일하게 되었어요
= We had to finish that work, so we ended up staying up all night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Right through the night

A

밤새도록

도록: To an extent, In order to, To make(this grammer lesson 92 HTSK)
밤새 = overnight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

good

Cancellation

A

취소

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Repeat

to cancel

A

취소하다

취소 can be used by itself to mean cancellation

주문을 취소하고 있는 사람이 많아요 = There are a lot of people who are cancelling their order
저는 야외모임을 비 때문에 취소했어요 = I cancelled the outdoor meeting because of the rain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

No trick

to cancel an order(no trick)

A

주문을 취소하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

to cancel a reservation

A

예약을 취소하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

reservations

A

예약

예약을 받다
take reservations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Make reservation, book

A

예약하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

to arrive, to reach translation, and conjugation(present, past, past formal, and present formal)(not 도착)

A

일러요, 이르다, 일렀어, declarative past 이릅니다, 일렀습니다,
This word follows the 르 irregular.(not tradion 르 irregular)

우리가 목적지에 이르게 되었어요
= We ended up arriving at our destination

이 길을 쭉 따라가다 보면 한 마을에 이르게 되는 데 바로 그곳이 저의 고향입니다
= Follow this road till the end and when you reach a village, that place is my hometown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

to work hard

A

열심히 일하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

to study hard

A

열심히 공부하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HTSK, lint

towards the inside, lint

A

안쪽(2nd, something with directon moving)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

towards that direction

A

그쪽(think direction moving)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

htsk, repeat

towards this direction

A

(think direction moving)이쪽

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

HTSK, one sided

With 쪽 what do you place, and what can you place before it

A

(ig)으로, noun

저는 학교 쪽으로 갈 거예요 = I will go in the direction of school
우리가 저쪽으로 가야 돼요 = We have to go that way (in that direction)
오른쪽으로 가세요 = Go right (in the direction of right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Since I was young(past tense from)

A

어렸을 때부터

ㄹ 때 is like when

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

HTSK

To be young

A

어리다

저의 여자 친구는 어려요 = My girlfriend is young
저의 여자 친구는 저보다 네 살 더 어려요 = My girlfriend is four years younger than me
어렸을 때 강아지를 키우고 싶었어요 = When I was young, I wanted to raise a puppy
저는 어렸을 때부터 야구를 좋아했어요 = I’ve liked baseball since I was young
어린 한국 사람들은 대개 영어로 조금 말할 수 있어요 = Young Korean people can usually speak English a little bit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

To look young(little tricky, think passive and conjugation and not informal sense, two words, one of the verb means to be seen, 젊다 isn’t part of it)

A

어려 보이다

어리다 means to be young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

daycare/preschool(little trick, has two words toghter)

A

어린이집

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

one’s youth(젊다 in adj form not used, think season, 때, 시대, 철, 세월, 유년기 isn’t ised)

A

어린 시절

시절 = season, osscaion, time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

HTSK

To be moderate

A

적당하다

적당히 먹어! = Eat moderately (don’t eat too much!)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

moderately(not 알맞게)

A

적당히

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

HTSK

until that time, lint(one word, no trick think suffixes,combined)

A

그때까지

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

When using 시키다, noun thing without 하다 verb or with 하다 plus 시키다 must have

A

를/을(object particle) attach to noun of 하다 verb or the object of the sentence, also this means you must have an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

docs

This noun is another one of these nouns which cannot be used on its own. However, if you add (adj) ㄴ/은 to a verb stem and place this suffix after ~ㄴ/은, This noun has the meaning of “experience.”

A

적, meaning, how does it work and how to get that meaning, and type of word

김치를 먹은 적. It would mean “the experience of eating kimchi.” Remember that ‘적’ is a noun that means ‘experience’ when used this way.
But, you can’t end sentences with nouns, so you need to finish the sentence with 있다 or 없다 to mean “to have the experience of eating kimchi” or “to not have the experience of eating kimchi.”

거기에 간 적이 없어요 = I have never gone/been there/I haven’t been there 그 여자를 만난 적이 없어요 = I have never met that girl/I haven’t met that girl. 연예인을 만난 적이 없어요 = I have never met anybody famous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Osid
Because 적 refers to an experience, it is common to attach what to the preceding verb to indicate that the particular experience was “tried/attempted.”

A

(ig)아/어 보다(basically regular conjugation plus adjective form), remember with 적 must be in adjective from before

거기에 가 본 적이 없어요 = I have never been there (tried going there). 그 여자를 만나 본 적이 없어요 = I have never met that girl (tried meeting her) 저는 치과에 가 본 적이 없어요 = I have never (tried going to) been to the dentist. It is not unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.

이력서를 만들어 본 적이 없어요 = I have never tried making a resume before
그 영화를 봐 본 적이 있어요? = Have you tried seeing that that movie?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

One sided

Referring to 적 refers to an experience, it is common to attach ~아/어 보다 to the preceding verb to indicate that the particular experience was “tried/attempted.”
It is unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.So it is it

A

(ignore) It is not unnatural to say 보다 twice in a row.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Referring to 적 refers to an experience, what must you always do

A

Always have a verb in adj form before it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

(osid)Conjugating 이다. If the last letter of the noun before 이다 ends in a vowel, you can do what? Tell the two ways to say I am a doctor with 이다(in plain form where it ends in 다)

A

(ig)you can eliminate 이.
. 나는 의사다 = I am a doctor 나는 의사이다 = I am a doctor. Both of the above can be seen as correct. Here, the pronunciation of “이” is merging with the pronunciation of the vowel in the noun.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Conversely, if the last letter of the noun before 이다 is a consonant, can the merging happen?

A

this merging cannot happen. For example: 나는 선생님이다 = I am a teacher (correct) 나는 선생님다 – incorrect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

이다(informal)(hint technically 3)

A

이야 to a word ending in a consonant, or ~(이)야

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

이다 formal for V and C

A

입니다 (~이 + ~ㅂ니다) for both V and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

아니다(to not be) formal version for both V and C

A

아닙니다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

With words ending in vowels, you can do what for adding 이다 formal version. Is this more done common done talking or written?

A

you can eliminate ~이 and attach ~ㅂ니다 directly to the word. This is more commonly done in conversation, and not usually written.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

docs

Plain form of 이다 for vowel(there is a special exception with it) and consonant.

A

(there is no mistake, only past tense version.) you should add ~이었다 to all words. If the word ends in a vowel, ~이었다 can contract to ~였다. 나는 선생님이었다 = I was a teacher. 나는 의사였다 = I was a doctor.

What does all this indicate?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

docs

Formal High Respect of 이다 and how would you do it for vowel and consonant.

A

add ~이었습니다 to all words. If the word ends in a vowel, ~이었습니다 can contract to ~였습니다.
저는 선생님이었습니다 = I was a teacher. 저는 의사였습니다 = I was a doctor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

In all situations in the past tense, 아니다 form for regular, plain form, and super formal(not formal)

A

아니었어; 아니었다; 아니었습니다.

나는 학생이 아니었어; 나는 학생이 아니었다; 저는 학생이 아니었습니다.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

adding what? to the stem of an adjective changes it to a word that can describe a noun in the future tense. Basically this translate to what?

A

ㄹ/을( that will be adj)

행복한 사람 = happy person 행복할 사람 = a person that will be happy
What does this indicate?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

One sided

Since a adjective form either descriptive or action must be followed by a noun, what’s a common noun you use for future tense and what is something common to do also? The reason for this is to make your writing and talking more natural.
Basically this more natural than plain form for future tense adj form whether descriptive or action.

(if get right put 5 and move on)

A

(ignore)것, 거
나는 행복할 것이다; 나는 먹을 것이다.If you try to directly translate these sentences to English, they have the meaning: I am a thing who will be happy. I am a thing who will eat. But their actual meanings are:나는 행복할 것이다 = I will be happy. 나는 먹을 것이다 = I will eat.
것 is also sometimes shortened to 거. 저는 밥을 먹을 거예요 = I will eat rice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

one sided

for ㄹ/을 future adj, what irregular rules follow the same rule

A

(ignore)ㅅ irregular, ㄷ irregular and ㅂ irregular all follow the same rules. The addition of the vowel causes a change (or elimination) of the last letter of the stem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

for ㄹ/을 future adj, what irregular rules don’t follow the same rule

A

The ㅡ and 르 irregular are not affected by this addition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

One sided

Adding ~ㄹ/을 adj future tense to a word that follows the ㄹ irregular does what, also tell me what do you normally do with ㄹ irregular?

A

(ignore)Normally, you would add ~ㄹ to the stem of a word ending in a vowel, and ~을 to the stem of a word ending in a consonant. EX: 잃다 + ~ㄹ/을 = 잃을

However, when you add ~ㄹ/을 to a stem of a word that ends in ㄹ, the ㄹ is dropped and ㄹ is attached directly to the stem. In effect, you remove something and replace it with exactly the same thing. For example:갈다 + ㄹ/을 = 갈; 빨다 + ㄹ/을 = 빨; 열다 + ㄹ/을 = 열; 저는 문을 열 거예요 = I will open the door (열 + 을 = 열)(basically you remove 다)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

htsk, see diff with other

to be beautiful(see diff with other beautiful)
(3 anwsers)(not
Give me the conjugation for present, polite, imperative(세요), if form(면))

A

곱다

(고와요, 고우세요, 고우면)
The ㅂ in 돕다 and 곱다 (only for these verb) changes to 오 only when ~아/어 (or any derivative like ~았/었다 or ~아/어요) is added. When adding any other letter, ㅂ changes to 우. 돕 + 았어요 = 도 + 오 + 았어요 = 도왔어요

저 가수는 목소리가 곱고 맑아서 어르신들이 특히 좋아해요
= That singer’s voice is so beautiful and clear, he is particularly liked among older people

저는 매일 선크림을 발라서 나이에 비해 피부가 곱다는 소리를 많이 들어요
= I put sunscreen on every day, so I hear a lot that my skin is beautiful for my age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

NT

to one’s skin to be beautiful(아름답다, 예쁘다 isn’t used

A

피부가 곱다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

for one’s voice to be beautiful

A

목소리가 곱다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

skin, flesh

A

피부(chinese, but can be used by itself)

피부가 곱다
have smooth skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

NT

hot café latte(NT)

A

따뜻한 카페라테

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Vanilla

A

바닐라

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

When talking about sizes at cafes, try to use the
pattern, how to order tall, small, large, and grande

A

‘(사이즈)~로주세요.’

톨 사이즈로 주세요. tall size
스몰 사이즈로 주세요 small size
라지 사이즈로 주세요 large size
그란데 사이즈로 주세요 grande size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

brownies

A

브라우니

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Bagel

A

베이글
(pronounced as 베(little) pause글

https://papago.naver.com/?sk=en&tk=ko&hn=0&st=bagel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

a receipt

A

영수증

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

tissue(paper)konglish

A

티슈

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

If you want to order more items besides your
drink, use what?
I’d also like a chocolate cake.
give me the pronounication also

A

‘~도 주세요’
초콜릿케이크도 주세요.
(basically like very small pause after 케 and just ignore 이)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Give me some water, please

A

물 좀 주세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

I’d like it to go.(food)

A

포장해 주세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Not how you think

Lots of ice, please.(not how you think, in the sense of to put)

A

얼음 많이 넣어 주세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Just a little whipped cream,
please.(insert, put verb is used)

A

휘핑크림 조금만 넣어 주세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

whipped cream

A

휘핑크림

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

Give meaning and pronounication
key(to, key point)

(sports, game)points

(the size of the type) point, font (size)

A

포인트, give me the three meanings

Pronounced as pointu

이 요리의 포인트는 신선한 재료다
Fresh ingredients are key to this dish.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Loyalty(point) card

A

포인트 카드

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

I’d like a loyalty card, please.(tricky, verb for make is used)

A

포인트 카드 만들어 주세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Soy milk

A

두유

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

skim milk(hint is fat-free)

A

무지방 우유

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Chinese fat free, can be used by itself usally

A

무지방

Use low-fat or nonfat salad dressings.
무지방 샐러드 드레싱을 이용하십시오.
요구르트 무지방 = fat free yogurt
as a fat free dip for shrimp.
새우를 찍어먹는 무지방 디핑소스로 쓰세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Yogurt

A

요구르트

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

to change, to exchange(really easy, 변경하다 isn’t it)

A

바꾸다

우리는 계획을 바꿔야 돼요 = We have to change our plans
저는 내일의 예정을 바꿨어요 = I changed tomorrow’s schedule
비가 온 다음 날에 하늘은 보라색으로 바꿨어요 = The sky turned purple the day after the rain
새로운 핸드폰을 사고 전화번호를 바꿨어요 = After buying a new phone, I changed my phone number
그 식당은 메뉴를 바꿨어요 = That restaurant changed its men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

to change places/seats

A

자리를 바꾸다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

a seat, a place(spot(space))to put something

Incredibly common word that is used in very important situations. This word is some area of space, but not really 3-dimensional space. It is more space on the ground or something similar to that. For example, if somebody is standing where you are standing, you could say “get out of my place/my spot!” In that case, you can use this word. In practice, it is very commonly used to have the meaning “seat”:

A

자리, meaning and connotation of meaning(kind of long) and when not to use the word and commality and circumstances, give me a instance of when to use this word?

자리가 없어요 = There are no seats/there is nowhere to sit
그 책을 제자리에 두세요 = Put that book back in its place
각 자리에 번호가 쓰여 있어요 = There is a number written on each seat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Put that book back in its place(for in place, tricky, 놓다, 마련하다)

A

그 책을 제자리에 두세요

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

there is no place/nowhere to sit/no space(all meaning basically nowhere to sit)

A

Give me all the similar translations as it helps speaking and understanding
자리가 없다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

(gif)

there is a place/somewhere to sit/space

A

(gif)자리가 있다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

tricky

to save hold onto a seat(tricky)

A

자리를 잡다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

tricky, lint

일자리

A

a position at work,lint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

자리를 뜨다

A

to get up from a seat(이탈하다, 떠오르다 isn’t used, has a verb that has veried but similar meanings)

뜨다 basically has a vibe of to rise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

checked

제자리

A

the right/proper place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

to open one’s eyesIf

it is not used to refer to opening one’s eyes, it is usually used to indicate that something is raised, lifted or floating.

A

눈을 뜨다

비행기가 뜨다 = for an airplane to take off
해가 뜨다 = for the sun to rise
그 남자는 눈을 뜬 채로 죽었다 = That man died with his eyes open

저는 프랑스에 유학을 가서 예술 세계에 눈을 떴어요
= I studied abroad in France and my eyes were opened to the art world

아침에 눈을 뜨자마자 저는 꼭 커피를 마셔야 해요
= As soon as I wake up in the morning (as soon as my eyes open), I need to have coffee right away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

for the sun to rise

A

해가 뜨다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

for an airplane to take off

A

비행기가 뜨다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

to open one’s eyes(reason matter since it is more natural way)

A

눈을 뜨다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Open one’s eyes to new ideas/thinking/world (to not know about something, and then for something to make you realize a new way of thinking)

A

새로운 세계에 눈을 뜨다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

자리를 차지하다

A

to occupy a place, seat(phrase with verb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

HTSK

to occupy a space(verb not phrase)

A

차지하다

차지 not really used by itself

그 차는 넓은 공간을 차지하고 있어요 = That car takes up a lot of room/space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Can I have low-fat milk
instead?(tricky)(doesn’t have 무지방)

A

저지방 우유로 바꿔 주세요.

바꾸다 to change, to exchange = to change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

High fat(in like nutrution, food,and content)

A

고지방

foods which are high in fat
지방이 많이 함유된 식품[고지방 식품]

Also, reduce the amount of high-sugar, high-fat junk foods you eat.
또한 여러분이 먹는 당분이 많고 고지방의 정크 푸드 양을 줄이세요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Low fat(not fat free)

A

저지방

무지방 is fat free

Use low-fat or nonfat salad dressings.
저지방/무지방 샐러드 드레싱을 이용하십시오.

Low-fat Pumpkin Muffins– These delicious pumpkin muffins are easy to make.
저지방 호박 머핀– 맛있는 호박 머핀을 만드는 건 아주 쉽습니다.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

fatty acid(Fatty acids are the building blocks of the fat in our bodies and in the food we eat)

A

지방산

산성 = acidity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

acidity(noun that acts like adj)

A

산성, 산성의(의 comes before noun when descrbing something)(this one not realated to mountain)

산성이 높은 비를 산성비라고 해요
= Rain with a high acidity is called “acid rain”
Many parts of Wales have naturally acidic soil.
웨일스의 많은 지역은 원래 토양이 산성이다.

Dairy products are a good source of protein, but are also high in fat, acid and mucus-forming, and difficult for many people to digest.
유제품은 단백질의 좋은 원천이지만 지방 또한 많고 산성과 점액 형태이고, 많은 사람들이 소화시키기 어렵습니다.

This natural process involves the amount of acidity when rocks and water interact.
이 자연적인 과정은 돌과 물이 상호작용할 때 산성의 양을 포함한다.

Turn into a big acid drooling monster, I don’t care.
산성의 침을 흘리는 큰 괴물로 변하세요, 전 신경안써요.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

saturated fat(a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules without double bonds, considered to be less healthy in the diet than unsaturated fat.)

A

포화지방

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

saturation, saturated(noun that acts like adj)

(fire and shelling)gunfire and fire(means more gunfire, don’t stress to much about fire)

A

포화

enemy artillery-fire increased hourly in violence.
적의 포화가 시시 각각으로 맹렬해졌다

서울의 인구는 포화 상태에 이르렀다발음듣기
The population of Seoul has reached its maximum.

a scrubber system to remove dust contained in saturated waste gas
포화 폐기 가스에 포함된 분진을 제거하기 위한 집진기 체계

The company had saturated the market for personal organizers.
그 회사가 개인 업무용 수첩 시장을 포화 상태로 만들어 놓은 상태였다.

포화를 퍼붓다발음듣기
rain fire (on)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

unsaturated fat(a type of fat containing a high proportion of fatty acid molecules with at least one double bond, considered to be healthier in the diet than saturated fat.)

A

불포화지방

불포화 isn’t used out of this, but 포화 is.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Make it a double shot, please.

A

샷 추가해 주세요.

추가하다 = to add

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

to add to(not math), to supplement

A

추가하다

The noun form of this word (“추가”) translates to “a supplement.”

체크아웃을 늦게 하면 추가요금이 있나요?
= If I check-out late, are there additional fees?

부치는 짐이 20kg를 초과하면 추가요금을 내야 해요
= If the baggage you are sending exceeds 20 kg, you will have to pay an additional fee

이 제품을 신용카드로 구입하시면 추가 수수료가 있습니다
= If you purchase this item with a credit card, there is an additional fee

제가 예산계획을 제출하니 혹시 추가하고 싶은 게 있으면 알려주세요
= I am going to submit the budget plan, so if by chance you have something you want to add, let me know

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

additional fees

A

추가요금

추가하다 = to add to, to supplement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

NT

추가(not subj particle)N

추가되다. Passive verb

A

a supplement N, additional
also give me it passive(하다) version(no trick)

A service charge of 15% was added on to the bill.
그 계산서에는 15%의 서비스료가 추가되었다.

He paid the extra cost without a murmur.
그는 잠자코 추가 비용을 지불했다.

new software with additional functionality
부가 기능이 추가된 새 소프트웨어

I’ve put in a special request for further information.
내가 추가 정보를 달라고 특별히 청을 넣었다.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

preply

shot

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

No whipped cream, please.(NT, there is no 없다 또는 아니요, has a verb that isn’t used in traditonal way, but in one of its ways)

A

휘핑크림 빼 주세요.

빼다 hold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

HTSK

(the color) green

A

초록색

제가 가장 좋아하는 색깔은 초록색이에요 = My favorite color is green
저는 초록색 펜으로 썼어요 = I wrote with a green pen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

HTSK

(the color) purple

A

보라색

저의 아버지는 보라색 차를 사고 싶어요 = My father wants to buy a purple car
비가 온 다음 날에 하늘은 보라색으로 바뀌었어요 = The sky turned purple the day after the rain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

$

(the color) light green

A

연두색

연두색(의) 바지를 샀어요 = I bought green pants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

$

(the color) pink,(hint the korean version and diff with the konglish)

A

분홍색
(핑크(색) is konglish and is more common)

대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

HTSK

pink konglish and diff with korean, give me 2

A

핑크(색) is more common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

$

(the color) brown

A

갈색

그 여자의 머리가 갈색이에요 = That girl’s hair is brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

$

(the color) red

A

적색

정부는 지진 가능성 때문에 적색 경보를 내렸어요 = The government issued a red alert because of the possibility of an earthquake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

HTSK

signal

A

신호

신호를 보면 저에게 말을 바로 해 주세요
= When/if you see the signal, let me know immediately please

길을 건너지 말라는 신호를 무시하고 달리다가 그 남자는 심하게 다쳤어요
= The man was severely injured while running, after ignoring the “Don’t Cross” signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

HTSK

a red light, warning sign

A

적신호

적색 = red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

a traffic light

A

호등

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

HTSK

to get stopped at a traffic light(tricky)

A

신호에 걸리다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

HTSK

scientist

A

과학자

과학자가 되면 돈을 많이 벌 거예요 = If you become a scientist, you will earn a lot of money

과학자가 되면 피부에 습도의 영향을 연구하고 싶어요
= When/if I become a scientist, I want to study the effects of humidity on the skin

발명품을 완성하자마자 그 과학자는 특허를 냈어요
= As soon as the scientist completed his invention, he/she got it patented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

HTSK

to put on a shirt

A

셔츠를 입다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

HTSK

to change one’s shirt(tricky)

A

셔츠를 갈아입다

갈아입다 isn’t really used by itself, it is used to mean change clothes like in viet you when change clothes where you use one verb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

to change one’s clothes

A

옷을 갈아입다

갈아입다 isn’t really used by itself, it is used to mean change clothes like in viet you when change clothes where you use one word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

good

red(2nd, has ㅎ) the verb version

A

빨갛다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

good

white(color), give the verb

A

하얗다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

good

black(color), give the verb

A

까맣다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

done

Blue(color), give me the verb

A

파랗다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

fingernail

A

손톱

저는 저의 등을 손톱으로 긁었어요 = I scratched my back with my fingernails
손톱을 왜 이렇게 짧게 잘랐어요? = Why did you cut your nails so short (like this)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

to trim one’s nails

A

손톱을 깎다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

htsk

readers(in like people)

A

독자

Harry Potter의 독자들은 보통 중학교 혹은 고등학생이에요 = Most readers of Harry Potter are middle or high school students

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

htsk

to paint one’s nails

A

손톱을 칠하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

good

to paint

A

칠하다

the paint evenly over the wall
페인트를 벽에 고르게 칠하다.

put on a lick of paint
페인트를 약간 칠하다.

to paint the outside of a box
상자 바깥 쪽에 색을 칠하다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

htsk

back of hand

A

손등

그는 손등에 뭔가를 썼어요 = He wrote something on the back of his hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

yellow adj form

A

노란
from 랗다, ㅎ irreg adj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

red adj form the one with ㅃ

A

빨간
from 빨갛다, ㅎ irreg adj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

white(color) adj form

A

하얀
from 하얗다 , ㅎ irreg adj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

black(color) adj form

A

까만
from 까맣다, ㅎ irreg adj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

blue adj form

A

파란
from 파랗다, ㅎ irreg adj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

how to make these color words as nouns not as adj to litteraly mean the color yellow
the color red
the color white
the color black
the color blue

A

you can add “색” after the adjective form of the color:
빨간색
하얀색, 까만색 , 파란색

give me what is translation and what does it do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

one sided

how can you these colors: 노란색
빨간, 하얀, 까만색, 파란색

A

(ignore) just use as normal adj

저 노란 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow house is pretty
빨간 사과는 가장 맛있어요 = Red apples are the most delicious
그녀는 빨간 셔츠를 입고 있다 = She is wearing a red shirt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

How can you use these without meaning its literal meaning 노란색 , 빨간색 ,하얀색
파란색, 까만색

A

Though these words are nouns, they are often placed before another noun to describe it.(Noun adj)

저 노란색 집이 예뻐요 = That yellow (colored) house is pretty
그녀는 빨간색 셔츠를 입고 있어요 = She is wearing a red (colored) shirt
나는 하얀색 차를 사고 싶어 = I want to buy a white (colored) car

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

Other than traditional uses of possesive and of, what doe 의 do?

A

This suffix can be attached to words that commonly describe nouns (like adjectives). Very common to find noun like adj placed before nouns to describe them, but are technically classified as adverbs or nouns. It is acceptable to attach the particle “~의” to these adjective-like adverbs or nouns when they describe an upcoming noun.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

for 의 using for adj like adverbs or nouns, what is a connonotation about it and also more common in written or speech when using it and diff with not using it

A

The meaning is the same when using “~의” or not using it, but in speech it is more common to not use it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

whats the vibe and ambiance of using 의 with color words

A

Although acceptable and understandable, it would be slightly more natural to not use ~의 with these color words.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

lint

most(adj noun) translation and what is it commony used and connotation

A

a common word that ~의 is attached to is “대부분, which is optional
Just like in English 대부분 is usually placed immediately before a noun to say “the word meaning (noun).”

대부분 사람들… = Most people… 대부분 부부들… = Most couples…
In each case, it is also possible to attach ~의. 대부분의 독자들… = Most readers…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

one sided, grav(give me 2 grav, look at examples)

what is acceptable to place after connected to the counter like 줄, 개

A

(ignore) ~의

나는 두 개의 햄버거를 먹었어 = I ate two hamburgers. 나는 어제 다섯 명의 친구를 만났어 = I met five friends yesterday
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag
남자 친구가 보라색(의) 꽃 한 송이를 샀어요 = My boyfriend bought one purple flower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

초록색 = (the color) green 연두색 = (the color) light green 회색 = (the color) grey
보라색 = (the color) purple 분홍색 = (the color) pink 갈색 = (the color) brown
These words are what kind and type of word and give me connotation on how it is placed and form. Can they be in adjective form also?

A

These colors are color words, but they do not have an adjective form like ㅎ irreg color words like 빨갛다 and 빨간색. To use these words to describe the color of something, they can be placed immediately before a noun (naturally) without ~의 and (slightly unnaturally) with 의.

저는 초록색(의) 펜으로 쓰고 싶어요 = I want to write this with a green pen
연두색(의) 바지를 샀어요 = I bought green pants
대부분(의) 여자들은 분홍색(의) 가방을 골랐어요 = Most girls chose the pink bag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

look at ex if don’t understand why

노랗다(yellow) conjugation present, past, future

A

future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
노래(요) and 노랬어(요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?

When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.

불이 노래요 = The light is yellow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

look at ex if don’t understand why

빨갛다(red) conjugation present, past, future

A

future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
빨개 (요) and 빨갰어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?

When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
얼굴이 왜 빨개요? = Why is your face red?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

look at ex if don’t understand why

하얗다(white, color) conjugation present, past, future

A

future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
하얘(요) and 하얬어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?

When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
유럽 사람의 피부는 하얘요 = European people’s skin is white

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

look at ex if don’t understand why

까맣다(black, color) conjugation present, past, future

A

future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
까매(요) and 까맸어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?

When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
그 여자의 머리가 까매요 = That girl’s hair is black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

look at ex if don’t understand why

파랗다(blue, color) conjugation present, past, future

A

future tense has not irregularity just add 겠다.
파래(요) and 파랬어 (요)
This is for what word(korean and English)?

When adding “~아/어” (or any of its derivatives like ~았/었) to color words where the stem ends in ‘ㅎ,’ an irregular conjugation applies.When adding ~아/어 to these words, the ㅎ is dropped and if the final vowel is ㅏ or ㅓ, it changes to ㅐ, and if the final vowel is ㅑ, it changes to ㅒ.
저 남자의 눈이 진짜 파래요 = That man’s eyes are really blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

one sided

what are the ㅎ irregular colors

A

(ignore) 노랗다, 빨갛다, 하얗다, 까맣다, 파랗다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

one sided

With the 노랗다, 빨갛다, 하얗다, 까맣다, 파랗다, what is another way you can do to use in like a verb without in verb form or conjugating or adj form in the sense of the ending of the sense

A

(ignore)You can use it in noun form not adj form plus 이다

불이 노란색이에요 = The light is (the color) yellow
얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요? = Why is your face (the color) red
유럽 사람의 피부는 하얀색이에요 = European people’s skin is (the color white)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

one sided

The nuance difference and connotation of difference between using the verb form of ㅎ irregular color and using the ㅎ irregular color with 이다?
“얼굴이 왜 빨개요?” and “얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요?” difference

A

(ignore) “얼굴이 왜 빨개요?” would be more about a face being red as a result of it blushing, whereas “얼굴이 왜 빨간색이에요?” would be more about a face that is actually red from something like paint. This nuance is very subtle. It’s very hard to articulate this difference into words. In a way, I find the difference between the two similar to “why is your face red?” and “why is your face the color red?”
(basically like color used as adj and how generally used in verb conjugated form and the noun form with 이다 is like ‘THE COLOR,” is the color more talking about the color like art.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

one sided

How to add ~ㅂ/습니다(give me connotation to it), 니 to ㅎ irreg like color verbs, 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 , and etc

A

(ignore)just add ㅂ/습니다(습니다 since ㅎ is 바침) normal, no effect renember that irreg across the board isn’t affect by this, but not always ㄹ irreg is like rare exception where ㄹ is removed and ㅂ is added directly under.

The ㅎ is removed, and ~니 is added after the stem.
노랗다 + ~ㅂ/습니다 = 노랗습니다
노랗다 + ~니 = 노라니

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

one sided

How to add , 니 to ㅎ irreg like color verbs, 이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다, and etc

A

(ignore) The ㄹ is removed, and ~니 is added after the stem.
살다 + ~니 = 사니

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

docs

I have something to do(weired)
Essentially saying “I have a task that I will do.”

A

저는 할 일이 있어요

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

docs, no trick

See you on Monday!(no trick)

A

월요일에 봐요!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

Economical

A

경제적

Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

scientific

A

과학적

Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

science

A

과학

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

impulse/shock

A

충동

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

impulsive

A

충동적

Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

democracy

A

민주

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

Democratic

A

민주적

Adding ~적 to a noun changes it into a descriptive word that has the meaning of “relating to, or having the properties of’ the original noun.
This only for some Chinese words.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

culturally

A

문화적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
한국은 지난 50년 동안 문화적으로 많이 변했어요 = Korea has changed a lot culturally in the period of/during/for the past 50 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

economically

A

경제적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
그것은 경제적으로 가능하지 않아요 = That isn’t economically possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

historically

A

역사적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
한국과 미국은 역사적으로 좋은 관계가 있다 = Historically, Korea and the US have had a good relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

scientifically

A

과학적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
그들은 그 문제를 과학적으로 풀었다 = They solved that problem scientifically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

impulsively

A

충동적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
저는 자주 옷을 충동적으로 사요 = I often buy clothes impulsively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

democratically

A

민주적으로

Adding ‘으로’ to the end of ~적 changes the word into an adverb. These adverbs usually have the ending ‘ly’ in English.
미국은 대통령을 민주적으로 선출해요 = America elects its president democratically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

Grav, docs, htsk

“like this.”
By adding ~게 to the stem of 이렇다 we get 이렇게,

A

이렇게, meaning(1), type of word and from what what word

저는 이렇게 하고 싶어요 = I want to do it like this
왜 이렇게 일찍 가요? = Why are you going so early (like this)?
이 일은 왜 이렇게 어려워요? = Why is this so hard (like this)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

Grav

When Korean people ask a “why” question, they often stress “why” by using what?

A

이렇게

왜 이렇게 일찍 가요? = Why are you going so early (like this)?
이 일은 왜 이렇게 어려워요? = Why is this so hard (like this)?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

lint

to represent some sort of task or thing that somebody has to do (regardless of if we would call it “work” in English).

A

일(not day or anything of number) meaning and connotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

grav. dh

“like that.”(close to the speaker and general)
adverb
word, and where is the word from

A

By adding ~게 to the stem of 그렇다 we get 그렇게.
그렇게 meaning and connotation

저는 그렇게 생각하지 않아요 = I don’t think like that
저는 그렇게 운동하고 싶어요 = I want to exercise like that

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

like this, like that, like that(over there)
word, and connotation of meaning and usage.

A

이렇다, along with 그렇다 and 저렇다 is rarely used in its dictionary form. It is generally used in two ways: as an adjective and as an adverb.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

grav, dh

Adverb form of 저렇다
저렇게

A

like that
(something that is far from the listener and the speaker)

아빠는 왜 저렇게 말하고 있어요? = Why is dad talking like that?
저 사람이 왜 저렇게 걸어요? = Why is that person walking like that?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

이렇다, 그렇다 and 저렇다 can be used as what

A

can also be used as the predicating word (i.e. the end) of a sentence. These are usually only seen in relatively simple sentences asking or indicating if something is “like this/like that.”

이 학교도 그렇지 않습니까? = Is this school not like that as well?
네, 그렇습니다 = Yes, that is correct (that is the way it is)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

One sided, grav

이렇다, 그렇다 or 저렇다 conjugation in present tense
(grav) give me the common usage and meaning and commanlity in English using with the three words, hint there is there is only two words and is a question.

A

(ignore) ㅎ irreg
when ~아/어 (or a derivative like 았/었) an irregular conjugation occurs: the ㅎ is dropped and the ㅓ changes to ㅐ.
왜 이래? 왜 그래? 왜 저래?
“Why are you like this/that?” This is very common in Korean conversation, as it essentially is like saying “what’s wrong?” or “what’s the matter” or “what the ** are you doing?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

repeat

왜 이래? 왜 그래? 왜 저래?
meanings(4, very similar) and commanality and connotation

A

“Why are you like this/that?” This is very common in Korean conversation, as it essentially is like saying “what’s wrong?” or “what’s the matter” or “what the ** are you doing?”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

From ㅎ irreg 그렇다 conjugated, 그래요(2nd) usage and connotation and what it basically means

A

(hint not 내, 알다, 알겠다)
specifically is also commonly used by people to express their content/agreement with some sort of statement or situation.

sure(like that is fine)

Person 1:내일 공원에 같이 가고 싶어요? = Do you want to go to the park together tomorrow?
Person 2: 그래요. 같이 가요 = Sure (like that is fine). Let’s go together.

Person 1: 제가 지금 갈 거예요 = I’m going to go now
Person 2: 그래요! = Sure (like that is fine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

From ㅎ irreg 그렇다 conjugated, 그래요 (not to express content and agreement) usage and connotation and what it basically means

A

In this same respect, it is often used as a question to express one’s “disbelief” or “shock.” In reality, the speaker isn’t actually “shocked” or “in disbelief” but is merely showing his/her interest

Really!? (It’s like that?)

Person 1: 저는 지난 주에 캐나다에 있었어요 = I was in Canada last week
Person 2: 그래요? 어디에 갔어요? = Really!? (It’s like that?) Where did you go?

Person 1: 나는 보통 고기를 안 먹어 = I usually don’t eat meat
Person 2: 그래? 왜 안 먹어? = Really? (It’s like that?) Why don’t you eat it?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

one sided

What should you know about 그렇다?

A

(ignore) a) How versatile 그렇다 is
b) The general meaning of 그렇다
c) How this meaning can be applied to many, many other grammatical principles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

How would it be if,
what do you think about

A

어떨까

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

good, grav 2(for the present tense(give me a dialogue), and the general

“how is/was the…?” or “what do/did you think about…?”
It is also very commonly used in the present tense to say “how about… ?/what do you think of…?”

어때 can only be used as “how about” in a limited number of cases. In the example I just gave about choosing a good picture, 어때 can be translated to “how about.” But what about in example with the boyfriend?:

It is used when you want to ask somebody’s opinion/evaluation of something. It sounds more natural in Korean for the thing you are asking about with “어때” to not have a particle.

It is repeated from another deck, to better understand this word

A

어때, meanings(4 very similar has / plus 2 which is commonaly used in what tense having one word already in the example)give me 5, connotations on usage and using it naturally? What should you know between the usage in the 2 ways of the coommonly way to say in what tense again?

How the word is concstructed:
어떻다(what 어떻게, way more common) is an adjective that is barely used
~아/어하다 can be added to some adjectives (You already know about 좋다 + ~아/어하다 = 좋아하다)
The addition of ~아/어하다 causes the ㅎ to drop (ㅎ irreg like the colors)
어떠하다 can conjugate to 어떠해
Say 어떠해 fast enough and it comes out as “어때”

남자 친구 어때? = How is your boyfriend? (is he good/bad/handsome/etc..?)
점심 어때? = How about lunch? / What do you think about lunch?
Think of this example. You and I are searching through a bunch of pictures, trying to find the best one for my profile picture on Facebook. I find one that I like, but I want to ask you “what do you think about this picture/how about this picture?” In that case, I can say:
이 사진(이) 어때? = How about this picture?

점심 어땠어요? = How was the lunch?/What did you think about the lunch? (was it delicious?)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

One sided

“뭐” and “what” act as a what?
Give me the connotation of adding particles after 뭐 like 뭐를.

A

(igonore) It act as a pronouns in their respective sentences.

Putting particles after 뭐 like 뭐를 먹었어요? is weired.
However, One of the times it is possible to attach a particle to 뭐 is when asking somebody what they are referring to in a previous sentence where a noun was omitted, though not common compared to 무엇을
저는 많이 먹었어요 = I ate a lot
Person 2: 뭐를? = what? (you ate a lot of what?)

파일을 첨부했어요 = I attached the file
뭐 첨부했어요? = What did you attach?

치마를 입었어요 = I put on a skirt
뭐 입었어요? = What did you put on/wear?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

One sided, 2 questions

(2 Questions)
Is it not more common to attach ~을 to 무엇 than with 뭐.

When used before 이다 to ask what something “is,” it is more common to use 뭐 or 무엇.

A

(ignore) it is more common to attach ~을 to 무엇 than with 뭐.

When used before 이다 to ask what something “is,” it is more common to use 뭐 than 무엇.

점심을 먹었어? = Did you eat lunch?
무엇을 먹었어? = What did you eat?
이름이 뭐예요? = What is your name?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

one sided

무슨, “what” how is it placed, and connotation when using it

A

(ignore)무슨 is placed before nouns to describe them.
무슨 is used when the speaker is asking a question and has no idea what the answer will be. The answer could be almost an unlimited choice of options.

무슨 영화를 보고 싶어요? = What movie do you want to see?
그것이 무슨 냄새야? = What is that smell?
무슨 생각(을) 해? = What are you thinking?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

grav

어떤(2nd usage nothing realated to which)

A

어떤 남자는 어제 여기에 왔어 = Some man came here yesterday
Here, 어떤 is used to show that the speaker knew a man came, but is unsure of specifically who he was. This can be applied to other nouns as well when the speaker is aware of some object, but is unsure of what specific object is in question.

(unsure of specific object/noun)

저는 어떤 책을 읽고 있었어요 = I was reading some book
(the speaker doesn’t know exactly what book he was reading)
저는 어떤 건물에 들어갔어요 = I went into some building
(the speaker doesn’t know exactly what building he went into)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

korean querty, keyboard layout for the computer

A

두벌식

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

NT

중하교(nt)

A

middle school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
187
Q

어느, 뜻 그리고 difference with 무슨, 어떤, what is something understood of all three

A

Which, similar to 어떤, “to choose from a selection of options.”
Like 무슨 and 어떤, this word is placed immediately before nouns.

Don’t use this when asking about the type of characteristics or properties of something(어떤)
Don’t use this when asking about something that you can’t expect the answer for(무슨)

Though it can be interchangable like
무슨 집에서 살아요? = What house do you live in?
어떤 집에서 살아요? = Which house do you live in?
어느 집에서 살아요? = Which house do you live in?
무슨 대학교를 다녀요? = What university do you go to?
어떤 대학교를 다녀요? = Which university do you go to?
어느 대학교를 다녀요? = Which university do you go to?

어느 영화를 보고 싶어요? = Which movie do you want to see?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
188
Q

One sided

무슨 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? Is this valid or not, and reason why and give me others ways to say this

A

(ignore) This would generally not be said. You would most likely say this when standing on a street (or somewhere similar), where you have a selection of options to choose from.
어떤 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? = Which way do you want to go?
어느 쪽으로 가고 싶어요? = Which way do you want to go?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
189
Q

What time is it?

A

몇 시예요?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
190
Q

One sided, grav

If you want to ask “how many ___?” you must include what to what

A

(ignore)“몇” before the counter:

차가 몇 대 있어요? = How many cars do you have?
친구를 몇 명 만났어요? = How many friends did you meet?
어제 학교에 몇 번 갔어요? = How many times did you go to school yesterday?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
191
Q

When you say “몇 번” or “몇 대” or “몇 명” you have essentially created a question word. Just like most other question words, what are typically not attached and what can be naturally attached in what way?

A

(ignore)particles are not typically attached
it is more natural to place them after the noun that you are asking about, and not after the counter.
치마를 몇 개 샀어요? = How many skirts did you buy?
그 종이를 몇 번 찢었어요? = How many times did you rip that paper?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
192
Q

preply for one of example

Sino zero and when should you use(there are 4 scenarios)

A

Points that can be given or taken away, like in a game. For example, when saying the score “2 – 0”, you would say “이 대 영”. Another example would be if you are in a quiz show, and you ask your friend how many points she has, she could say “영점”
The temperature “zero”
When using numbers in math (which, if you’re just learning Korean now, you probably won’t do for a long time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
193
Q

Phone numbers. , when saying “010 – 5555 – 5555”, all the zeros should be read as what?

A

공 is used for what, think number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
194
Q

grav

age counter and use sino or native

A

살, used native is counter for what

저는 열 살이에요 = I am ten years old
저의 여자 친구는 스물여섯 살이에요 = My girlfriend is twenty six years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
195
Q

How old are you?

A

몇 살이에요?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
196
Q

good, grav

length, distance, time, etc.) (writing, time, etc.) short, brief

thoughtless thinking

A

짧다, meanings(1st one has two and has a second one) and contexts to use it

짧은 치마를 입다발음듣기
wear a short skirt
그런 식으로 말하다니 내 생각이 짧았다
I was thoughtless to speak that way.
Small children have a short attention span.
어린 아동들은 집중 시간이 짧다.
She has a very short memory
그녀는 기억력이 짧다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
197
Q

how short

A

얼마나 짧다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
198
Q

how pretty

A

얼마나 예쁘다

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
199
Q

“얼마나” can be placed before adjectives and adverbs to mean what?

A

how, “얼마나” can be placed before what to mean this?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
200
Q

How often

A

얼마나 자주

201
Q

How quickly

A

얼마나 빨리

202
Q

How well

A

얼마나 잘

203
Q

How much/many(part of the two words is a verb) and diff with the one word version and give me the two forms of that translations and explanation of it

A

얼마나 많다
얼마나 많이 decribes the verb
얼마나 많은 describes the noun, this version is less natural than 얼마나 or 얼마나 많이.
It sounds much more natural to say “빵을 얼마나 먹었어요?” or “빵을 얼마나 많이 먹었어요?” instead of “얼마나 많은 빵을 먹었어요?”

creates essentially the same meaning as 얼마나

빵을 얼마나 많이 먹었어요? = How much bread did you eat?
그 여자를 얼마나 많이 사랑해요? = How much do you love that girl?
얼마나 많은 물을 마셨어요? = How much water did you drink?

204
Q

얼마나 and 얼마 are technically not the same or same word.

A

They are not the same, 얼마 can be used to ask how much something costs.

205
Q

one sided

이것이, 그것이 and 저것이 cont

A

(ig) 이게, 그게 and 저게

206
Q

왜?(other tha why and when used by itself, what can it mean)

A

what do you want?(just one word and one the question words)

207
Q

One sided

For 이/가 subject marker( other than To indicate something based on a recent experience/observation.
To stress that the subject does the action (or is the adjective))
When is it used(4)?

A

Placed on objects in sentences that are predicated by adjectives. For example:
나는 학교가 싫다 = I don’t like school
나는 그것이 좋다 = I like that
나는 펜이 있다 = I have a pen
Placed on the object before 아니다 to indicate what something is not. For example:
나는 학생이 아니다 = I am not a student
나는 의사가 아니다 = I am not a doctor
Placed on the object predicated by “되다” to indicate what something becomes.
나는 의사가 되고 싶다 = I want to become a doctor
나는 선생님이 되고 싶다 = I want to become a teacher
particular subject in a particular situation that is the verb is performed

208
Q

placing 하다 after ~ㄹ/을까, does/mean what, what does it basically mean?

What is a connotation of things that are commonly added to it?

A

a speaker can indicate his or her intention of doing something.
Basically means I am thinking about/of

It is often connected to the grammatical principle ~아/어서 or other similar grammatical principles to create the meaning “I am/was thinking of… so…”
What does this to accomplish this?

209
Q

One sided

Instead of using 하다 after ~ㄹ/을까 to mean I am thinking of, what can you use and connotation of it and using it vice versa

A

it is possible to use 보다. The conjugations of 봐 and 봐요 are very commonly used in these situations, and you will rarely see 본다 or 봅니다.

~ㄹ/을까 봐(요) can be used to replace ~ㄹ/을까 하다 to show intent as it is described in this lesson. The reverse, however can’t be done (that is, ~ㄹ/을까 하다 replacing ~ㄹ/을까 봐(요)). Since another usage of ~ㄹ/을까 봐(요) (to show fear or worrying).

내일 서울 동부에 갈까 봐요
= I am thinking about going to the eastern part of Seoul tomorrow

양파가 아주 싸서 수십 개를 살까 봐요
= I am thinking about buying dozens of onions because they are very cheap

또 이런 재해를 피할 수 있는 대책을 세울까 봐요
= I am thinking about setting up measures to avoid this kind of disaster again

210
Q

In meaning I am thinking about/of, what is connotation with adding ~아/어서 for ~ㄹ/을까 보다

A

Using ~ㄹ/을까 보다 is okay at the end of a sentence, but it would be unnatural to attach ~아/어서 to it and use it in the middle of a sentence. For example, 해서 should replace 봐서.

211
Q

It is also possible to conjugate what when it is used at the end of a sentence to indicate that you “were thinking” about doing something. Basically mean I was thinking about/of

When 하다 is conjugated like this, although the speaker intended/thought about doing the action, the action did not occur (it was only thought about), basically adding the the feeling of but I didn’t do this mentioned action.

A

You can conjugate 하다 to 했어 following ㄹ/을/x 까 at the end of a sentence to indicate what and connotation of that what and what it bassically adds a feeling of what?

영화를 볼까 했어요 = I was thinking about watching the movie, (but I didn’t see it)
친구를 만날까 했어요 = I was thinking about meeting a friend (but I didn’t meet him)
시험 당일에 술을 마시러 갈까 했어요 = I was thinking about going to drink alcohol on the day of the exam (but didn’t)

212
Q

grav

The most common way to say “every/all _____” is to place this word before a noun. It acts like an adjective, but it can not be used to predicate a clause or sentence, meaning it can’t be at a end of sentence/clause.

Also connotation of word of it is from.

A

모든 meaning, how usage and connotation of usage.

모드다 does not exist, its not adj form.

모든 과일 = all fruits/every fruit
모든 선생님 = all teachers/every teacher
모든 아시아 사람들은 젓가락을 잘 쓴다 = All Asian people use chopsticks well
모든 학생들은 하루 종일 잤어 = All students slept all day

213
Q

English nothing related to korean

What does it mean to predicate a clause or sentence?(not related to korean)

A

What it means in English(nothing related to korean) to be at the end of sentence/clause?

214
Q

everything(not anything)

A

모든 것

215
Q

all people/every person(not suffixes and no 다)

A

모든 사람

216
Q

lint

used as an adverb in sentences to indicate that “all/whole” of something is done. (다 in this context, the action was completely finished by the subject on to meaning whole or it can be that the action is completely done on more than one object to meaning all)

A

다,lint meaning where it is used individually nothing to deal with verb

type of word it is in this context and connoation of its meaning in this context( there is 3)

저는 라면을 다 먹었어요 = I ate all the ramen
저는 숙제를 다 했어요 = I did all of my homework
저는 소설을 다 읽었어요 = I read the whole book – or – I read all the books

217
Q

One sided

“모든” and “다” difference and connotation of usages

A

(ignore) 다 is more about doing one action to completion and leaving nothing behind. 모든 is indicating that the action was performed on all possible nouns after “모든”.

저는 소설을 다 읽었어요 = I read the whole book
저는 소설을 다 읽었어요 = I read all the books. Depending on the situation, that sentence could be translated to either of those English translations. In the first sentence, the action of ‘reading’ was completed on the subject (one book) without leaving any pages behind within that book. In the second sentence, the action of ‘reading’ was completed on the subject (more than one book) without leaving any pages behind in any of those books.(다 in this context, the action was completely finished by the subject on to meaning whole or it can be that the action is completely done on more than one object to meaning all)

저는 모든 소설을 읽었어요
I am more indicating that I have tried reading every book, but there is no indication on if I have finished reading any of them.(모든 indicates that you tried all but no indication of finishing any of it)

218
Q

lint

다,lint not meaning a fact or part of a verb or to show that that the subject have completely finish the action of one object or one or more object, meaning, connotation, and what it basically means

A

used to indicate that all the members/things that represent a subject do some action (or are some adjective).
bascially all subject

사람들이 다 왔어요 = All the people have come
사람들이 다 죽었어요 = All the people died
부모님은 다 그래요 = All parents are like that

219
Q

Connotation and nuance of 다 used to indicate that all the members/things that represent a subject do some action (or are some adjective) and 모든

A

They basically are the same meaning
Though, there is a precise nuance of that ‘모든’ is considering the subjects (although groups of people) almost as unique individuals/things within the group(like all the people that died)

whereas a very small nuance in ‘다’ is describing the subjects a groups(like all the koreans or like students)

220
Q

grav, one sided

다 used to indicate that all the members/things that represent a subject do some action (or are some adjective) and 모든 can also be for(something obvious like in English)

A

(ignore) All of these can also be used in negative sentences.

221
Q

One sided, grav

What other form can 다 be other than as adj or part of verb? With this form what can be added because of this form?

A

(ignore) 다 can also be used as a noun. In this form, it is usually placed before 이다 or 아니다 to indicate that something is (or isn’t) “all.”

222
Q

Is that all(informal)

A

그게 다야?

223
Q

이게 다가 아니야

A

This isn’t all(informal)

224
Q

somewhat repeated, parts repeated, one sided

아니다 conjugation informal, informal high present, past and future, plain form in present only, formal

A

(ig)irr 아니야, 아니에요, 아닌다, 아님니다, 아니었, 아닐 거예요

225
Q

모두(not saying, but more grammer and sentence wise) forms like adj and meanings of form

A

As an adverb
this word not 모든 essentially has the same meaning as “다,” used to indicate that all the members/things that represent a subject do some action (or are some adjective)

226
Q

One sided

In this adverb form, what can also be placed after 모두 in the same sentence, and this does what and what would you not see attached to it?

A

(ig)In this adverb form, 다 can also be placed after 모두 in the same sentence.
In this adverb form, you would not see particles attached to it for either 다/모두.
It still means the same thing, but more specify such subject and all like you know korean like to specify details

선생님들은 모두 다 똑똑해요 = All teachers are smart

227
Q

Grav

As a (pro/positive)noun
In these cases 모두 typically means what?

A

what word just one word not realted to anything typically means “everybody” or “everything,” what’s the connotation of it

모두가 이해했어요 = Everybody understood
모두가 산책하고 있어요 = Everybody is going for a walk

228
Q

One sided, grav

Often times when the sentence structure is just Subject – 모두/다(where the subject completely finished that or one ore more object with that verb– Verb, what is done

A

(ig)the ~를 is omitted from 모두.
나는 모두를 이해했어 would be better said as: 나는 모두 이해했어 = I understood everything. 저는 모두 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat everything
저는 다 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat everything
나는 다 이해했어 = I understood everything

Since 모두/다 is acting as an adverb. Therefore, it is not so much that the ~를 is being omitted, but rather that the 모두/다 is serving a different function

229
Q

Grav, one sided

Often times a word that represents a group of people is placed before 모두. In these cases, what can be not added or attached to 모두.

A

(ignore) In these cases, ~를 or other particles like 에게 or 가 is usually attached to 모두. For example:
저는 가족 모두를 사랑해요 = I love all of my family
저는 학생 모두를 가르쳤어요 = I taught all of the students
저는 선물을 모두에게 주었어요 = I gave a present to everybody

230
Q

~나 can be added to the words ‘where,’ ‘when,’ and ‘who’ to mean whats(3)? Particles are usually not added to these words.

A

‘everywhere,’ ‘every time,’ and ‘everyone.’ What can be added to 어디, 언제, 하고 누구 그리고 what’s the something that can or not be added to it

231
Q

HTSK, pronounciation

to complete, give me me pronounciation

A

완료하다
pronunciation of this word is “왈료하다”

-
The noun form of this word (“완료”) translates to “completion.”
작업을 완료할 수 없을까 봐 걱정돼요
= I’m worried that we won’t be able to finish the job

232
Q

HTSK

completion
is commonly used immediately after a task or job to indicate that it has been completed.

A

완료 from 왈료하다
meaning, and connotation of usage

233
Q

HTSK, diff

to move to a different area, to migrate(see diff with other to move or similar verbs like on preply)

A

이동하다 (2 meanings similar)

제비는 겨울에 남쪽으로 이동한다발음듣기
Swallows migrate south in the winter.
to travel by day/night
낮/밤 동안에 이동하다
to travel in the reverse direction
반대 방향으로 이동하다

234
Q

Transfer, movement, move, migration Noun

A

이동 from 이동하다 meanings(just give me some)

Don’t travel at rush hour/in the rush hour.
혼잡 시간대에는 이동을 피하세요.
‘순간 이동 VS 시간 이동’?
“Teleport space vs. teleport time?”
a roving reporter for ABC news
ABC 뉴스의 이동 리포터

235
Q

to be helpful(some what not tricky incoporates grammer/word)

A

도움이 되다

236
Q

to ask for help

A

도움을 요청하다

친구에게 전단지를 도시 이리저리에 붙이는 것에 대해 도움을 요청했어요
= I asked my friend for help in putting up these flyers around (here and there) the city

237
Q

Request

A

요청하다

request, demand, call Noun = 요청
ask a person for a ticket
아무에게 티켓을 달라고 요청하다.
to request an opinion letter regarding a case
사건에 대한 의견서를 요청하다
to call in the receivers
파산 관재인을 요청하다

238
Q

request, demand, call Noun

A

요청(give 2/3 meanings super similar)

사진 요청과 사인 요청.
He’s getting a lot of photo and autograph requests.
요청을 수락하다발음듣기
grant sb’s request

239
Q

HTSK

refund

A

환불

환불해 주실래요? = Could you please give me a refund?
우리 가게는 환불이나 교환을 해 주지 않습니다 = Our store doesn’t do refunds or exchanges
사과가 다 상해서 환불을 받아야 돼요 = I need to get a refund because all the apples have gone bad
각 가게마다 환불을 받을 수 있는 시기가 다르니 꼼꼼히 확인해야 해요 = The time/period that you can receive a refund at each store is different, so make sure you check them meticulously

240
Q

Could you please give me a refund?(tricky)

A

환불해 주실래요?

241
Q

No refund(not as you think)

A

환불은 안 됩니다

242
Q

refunds are possible (you would see this on a sign in a store, which is your hint)

A

환불 가능

243
Q

money back guarantee

A

환불보증

보증 = chinese gurantee, assurance not really used on its own

244
Q

everywhere not anywhere, which is hint

A

어디나

나는 한국에서 어디나 여행하고 싶어 = I (would) want to travel everywhere in Korea
우리는 동남아시아에 어디나 갈 거예요 = We will go everywhere in South East Asia
밥은 어디나 맛이 똑같아요 = Rice tastes the same everywhere

245
Q

diff, repeated just to help, grav

every time/always(see diff with others) not anytime which is hint

A

언제나

그녀는 언제나 늦게 와요 = She comes late every time
저는 언제나 똑같은 메뉴를 먹어요 = I always eat the same menu
저는 언제나 똑같은 시간에 일어나요 = I always wake up at the same time

246
Q

everyone not anyone which is hint

A

누구나

누구나 그 여자를 알아요 = Everybody knows that girl
누구나 우리 애기를 보고 싶어요 = Everybody wants to see our baby
누구나 한국을 좋아해요 = Everybody likes Korea

247
Q

HTSK, grav

A slightly more formal way to create this same meaning is to use what instead of ~자, which is what in terms of polite, and in addition what is that whats conjugation

A

자 is informal
ㅂ/읍시다(V,C) is what?
renember it is like that and you don’t conjuagte 다.

밥을 먹읍시다! = Let’s eat! 내일 공원에 갑시다! = Tomorrow, let’s go to the park!
그 규정을 내일부터 시행합시다 = Let’s enforce that rule starting tomorrow
연수를 받으러 갑시다 = Let’s go to receive the training

248
Q

One sided

ㅂ/읍시다(V,C) is what in terms of politness and what does that mean and what contexts is usally used.

A

This is slightly more formal than ~자, but it isn’t incredibly formal either. You commonly hear this form being used in offices – when the boss is speaking to a group of his/her subordinates or when coworkers are speaking to each other. (of course, there are many other situations where this could be used – “in an office” is just one example) In these cases, some respect should be given to the listeners so it’s appropriate.

basically informal high

249
Q

One sided

Because ㅂ/읍시다 is basically informal polite, when speaking to somebody who deserve a high amount of respect – like your boss or your father-in-law, what would you use and do?

A

(ignore) Instead, I recommend simply asking him a question like 같이 먹고 싶습니까? = Do you want to eat together?

250
Q

One sided, in a way repeated

What can be added to the words 뭐, ‘언제,’ ‘어디,’ and ‘누구’ to mean ‘something,’ ‘somewhere,’ ‘sometime,’ and ‘somebody.’

A

~ㄴ가

251
Q

Grav

Something not everything nor anything which is hint

The subject and object particles in general can be omitted from any sentence, but they seem to be more commonly omitted from these types of sentences.

A

(grav) 뭔가 meaning and connotation of sentences when using

나는 방금 뭔가(를) 봤어 = I just saw something a minute ago
등에 뭔가(가) 있어요 = There is something on your back
등에 뭔가(가) 있나요? = Is there something on my back?
저는 팔에 뭔가(가)느껴져요 = I feel something on my arm

252
Q

Grav give me 2 based on connotation

somewhere/some place, not everywhere nor anywhere

most likely to use the particles ~에 or ~에서 in these sentences. It would be acceptable to omit the particle ~에 from 어딘가 but less acceptable to omit the particle ~에서.

A

(grav, give me 2 based on connotation)어딘가 meaning and connotation when using it think like particles and what happens when you use 어디

열쇠를 어딘가(에) 뒀어 = I left my keys somewhere
전쟁이 아시아 어딘가에서 났어요 = A war broke out somewhere in Asia
피가 어딘가에서 나오고 있어요 = Blood is coming out of somewhere
저는 그릇을 어딘가(에) 두었어요 = I put the bowl in some place

253
Q

grav

sometime/someday not anyday

~에 is typically not attached to 언젠가.
Don’t use ~까지 or ~부터 with this even in English “until someday” or “from someday,” doesn’t make sense.

A

(grav) meaning 언젠가(2 very similar) and connotations with particles?

그 날이 언젠가 올 거예요 = The day will come sometime
구름이 언젠가 걷힐 거예요 = The clouds will clear eventually/sometime
저는 언젠가 경찰관이 되고 싶어요 = I want to become a police officer someday

254
Q

somebody not anybody

A

누군가

누군가(는) 너를 찾고 있어 = Somebody is looking for you
저는 누군가의 열쇠를 찾았어요 = I found somebody’s keys
경찰관들은 누군가와 얘기하고 있어요 = The policemen are talking with somebody

255
Q

some day (an ambiguous day)

A

어느 날

256
Q

some night (an ambiguous night)

A

어느 밤

257
Q

어느 겨울

A

some winter (an ambiguous winter)

258
Q

some summer (an ambiguous summer

A

어느 여름

259
Q

some village (an ambiguous village)

A

어느 마을

260
Q

some market (an ambiguous market)

A

어느 시장

261
Q

Market has ㅅ

A

시장

어머니는 시장에 가셨다
My mother has gone to the market.

262
Q

Village

A

마을

263
Q

Repeated

어느, meaning other than which and usage connotation.

A

is a reference a vague place or point in time(could be like seasons and more), commonly placed before a broad indication of time or place.

어느 겨울 꽃이 다 사라졌다 = Some winter, all the flowers disappeared
어느 마을에서 애기 두 명이 태어났다 = Two babies were born in some village
그 다음 날, 할머니가 어느 시장을 구경하고 있었다 = The next day, the grandmother was browsing around some market

264
Q

Grav(give me 3, use the examples)

It is also possible to use what not 어느 and is a catergory of words to refer to an ambiguous place, thing or person.

A

(Grav(give me 3, use the examples))
a question word, what can it also refer to in terms of place, thing, or person

Person 1: 엄마가 집에 있어? = Is mom at home
Person 2: 아니요. 어디 갔어. = No, she went somewhere


우리가 이미 뭐 먹었어요 = We already ate something

누구
나는 내일 누구 만날 거야 = Tomorrow I’m going to meet somebody

265
Q

diff

already(has 이)
see difference with other already

A

이미

나는 이미 그 사실을 알고 있었다발음듣기
I already knew that.

266
Q

How to differiate using “뭐, 어디 or 누구” as the question word general meaning in the sentence or to ambiguous place, thing or person

A

When using “뭐, 어디 or 누구” to refer to an ambiguous thing, place or person, the stress of the sentence is on the verb.

267
Q

grav(give me 3 based on connotations with 아무))

As ~나 is actually a particle in itself, when used as the subject or object of a sentence, what should know about connotations about it

A

(ignore)particles ~는 or ~가 are not usually doubled up on top of ~나.
However, particles can be added before ~나 if the word being used has other functions within a sentence (other than the subject or object). Because 아무 refers to a person in this case, the most common particles you would see here are particles meaning “to” (~에게/한테) and “with” (~와/하고).

이렇게 좋은 학교에서는 아무나 공부를 잘 할 거예요 = Anybody can study well at this school
나는 아무와나 사귀고 싶어 = I want to go out with anybody
저는 이 선물을 아무에게나 주고 싶어요 = I want to give this present to anybody
저는 아무하고나 축구를 하고 싶어요 = I want to play soccer with anybody

268
Q

One sided, grav with 아무도(3 based on the connotations)

Using 도 for 아무도, what connotations(3 and one of it has two so like 4) should you know in usage and itself

A

(ig) Just like 아무나, particles are not usually attached to 아무도 as “~도” is actually the particle being used.

When using 아무도, the sentence must be conjugated in a negative way or end with some negative word like 없다.(double neg fine)

Particles can be added before ~도 if the word being used has other functions within a sentence (other than the subject or object). Because 아무 refers to a person in this case, the most common particles you would see here are particles meaning “to” (~에게/한테) and “with” (~와/하고).

저는 아무도 못 봤어요 = I didn’t see anybody/I saw nobody
저는 아무도 만나고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to meet anybody/I want to meet nobody
아무도 집에 가지 않았어요 = Nobody went home
저는 그 말을 아무에게도 안 했어요 = I didn’t say that to anybody/I said that to nobody
저는 아무하고도 얘기하고 싶지 않아요 = I don’t want to talk with anybody/I want to talk with nobody

269
Q

아무나 and 아무도 not in the meaning but the setences?

A

Just tell your brain to use “아무나” when you want to say something that ends positively, and to use “아무도” when you want to say something that ends negatively. In theory, 아무나 and 아무도 are the same word in Korean (with different particles attached).

270
Q

In a way repeated, one sided

The most common nouns you will see after 아무 are:
거 = short form of 것, meaning “thing”
데 = meaning “place”
때 = meaning “time”
When ~나 is attached to these nouns, the speaker is indicating what to mean what?

A

(ig) the thing/place/time is not a specific “thing/place/time,” but could actually be “anything,” “anywhere” or “anytime.”

271
Q

grav, one sided(based on connotation with 아무 데나 from the two sentences)

What should you know about 데 like 아무 데나 not meaning but connontation of usage?

A

“데” is used to refer to a place. When the verb being used requires “~에” to be attached to that place, “~에” is omitted. However, when the verb being used requires “~에서” to be attached to that place “~에서” should be added before ~나.
If use 에서 for 데 and 아무 데나, it is like 데서나
The difference between these two sentences is the same as the difference between these two sentences:
저는 아무 데나 가고 싶어요 = I want to go anywhere
저는 아무 데서나 먹고 싶어요 = I want to eat (at) anywhere

272
Q

도 can replace ~나 used with 아무 plus 거 = short form of 것, meaning “thing”
데 = meaning “place” to have the meaning of what?

A

“nothing” or “nowhere.”

273
Q

no time

A

“아무 때도” can’t not be used
전혀 is used

274
Q

repeated, lint, grav

other than traditional nouns what can be used also after for 아무, and what is something you should know about his

A

(one sided)It is possible to use other nouns after 아무
most common three things to use after 아무 are 거, 데 and 때.

저는 아무 버스나 타고 갈 거예요 = I’m going to take any bus and leave
저는 아무 말도 하지 않았어요 = I didn’t say anything/I said nothing
저는 엄마랑 아무 관계도 없어요 = I don’t have any relationship with my mother/I have no relationship with my mother

275
Q

No trick, one sided

마다 and 모든 difference(no trick)

A

(ig)마다 means “each” and “모든” means “every.”

276
Q

lint, grav(do a few)

자기,lint meaning and connontation and connotation of uses

A

is usually used in sentences when a person has already been mentioned, and is being mentioned again.
ere, you can use 자기 to replace the person you are talking about the second time you mention that person. Below are many more examples. I have bolded the word “자기” and its translation to make it clear what “자기” translates to.(basically pronouns)
In the example sentences above using “자기,” some person is being referred to twice in the same sentence. Although this person is mentioned twice, the person is not the subject and the object of the sentence. For example:
우리 아들은 자기(의) 일을 항상 혼자 하고 싶어요
The subject is “our son.” The object is “his work.”
저의 아내는 자기가 요리한 것을 보통 안 먹어요
The subject is “my wife.” The object is “the food (she cooks).”

우리 아들은 자기(의) 일을 항상 혼자 하고 싶어요
= Our son always wants to do his work alone
저의 아내는 자기가 요리한 것을 보통 안 먹어요
= My wife usually doesn’t eat the food she cooks
우리 아들은 자기 건강에 대해 의사와 상담을 했어요
= Our son consulted with a doctor about his health
여자가 변한 자기 모습을 보고 실망했어요
= The girl looked at her changed appearance and was disappointed

277
Q

about oneself

A

자신에 대해

278
Q

to oneself

A

자신에게

279
Q

One sided, grav

It is common to do what with 자신?

A

(ig) 나/내/저/제 if the subject is “I”
너/네 if the subject is “you”
그/그녀/자기 if the subject is “him” or “her”
그들 if the subject is “they”

(research and check these particles later of their differences)

It can be omitted

저는 제 자신을 안 믿어요 = I don’t trust myself
너는 네 자신을 안 믿어? = You don’t trust yourself?
그는 자기 자신을 안 믿어요 = He doesn’t trust himself
그녀는 자기 자신을 안 믿어요 = She doesn’t trust herself

280
Q

one sided, grav

When used in past tense, 아직 it means what 2 connotations?

A

(ig) When used in the past tense, it is typically used in negative sentences to indicate that something still hasn’t happened.
When used like this, the word “yet” can also be used in the translation.

보증 기간이 아직 안 지났어요 = The warranty period still hasn’t passed
수표를 아직 안 받았어요 = I still haven’t received the cheque
새로운 휴대폰을 아직 안 샀어요 = I haven’t bought a new phone yet
우리는 4번출구를 아직 찾지 못했어요 = We haven’t found exit 4 yet

281
Q

one sided

If somebody asks you if you have done something, you can respond with what if you haven’t done it yet(2)

A

(ig) “아직(요) (~요 can be added in formal situations). …. 안 했어요.”

일을 다 했어요? = Have you done all the work yet?
Person 2: 아직 안 했어요 = I haven’t done it yet/I still haven’t done it

282
Q

Have you done all the work yet?

A

일을 다 했어요?

283
Q

Not yet

A

아직요

284
Q

I haven’t done it yet/I still haven’t done it(only one)

A

아직 안 했어요(2 very similar)

285
Q

grav

is used when you are emphasizing that something is still the case – but it shouldn’t be.

A

(grav) 아직도 meaning and connotation
Particles ~도 and ~은 can be attached to 아직 to create a more complex meaning of the word “still.”

저는 운동을 아직도 하지 않았어요 = I still haven’t exercised
(Putting emphasis on “still” meaning that you still haven’t exercised – but should have by now)

머리가 아직도 아파요 = My head still hurts
(Putting emphasis on “still” meaning that your head still hurts, but shouldn’t anymore)

286
Q

grav(2), htsk

is used when you are saying that something hasn’t happened yet, but it will happen soon (or vice-versa).
Here, the comparison function of ~은 is used to compare the present (where something has or hasn’t happened) with the future (where the opposite will happen).

A

Grav(2)아직은 connotations(in a way 3)

저는 운동을 아직은 하지 않았어요 = I still haven’t exercised
(Indicating that I haven’t exercised, but I will exercise shortly)
저는 아직은 공부를 하고 있어요 = I am still studying
(Indicating that I am studying, but I will finish [and therefore won’t be studying] shortly)

287
Q

Grav(2 based on connotation)

is used when the action that is still being done/still hasn’t been done will continue into the foreseeable future.

A

Grav(2 based on connotation)
여전히

저는 운동을 여전히 하지 않았어요 = I still haven’t exercised
(Indicating that you haven’t exercised, and you have no plans to exercise soon)
저는 그 여자를 여전히 좋아해요 = I still like that girl
(Indicating that you still like that girl, and will continue to like her)

288
Q

One sided

What to know about using 아직 vs 아직도, 아직은 or 여전히

A

(ig)if you ever wanted to be more specific, you could use 아직도, 아직은 or 여전히. It helps if you understand the meanings of ~도 and ~은 on their own to extrapolate how they can be applied to 아직.

289
Q

grav(2),htsk, repeat

별로, , give me me connotation of the word and meanings(2) and usage
별로 as an adverb within the sentence,

-
Think different road equal another way meaning espcially, particulary
別路 = chinese another way
별 別 = jap different
路 로 =road

A

^Especially, particularly^X to search for it

“really” or “that” in that sense of Especially, particularly
This word is an adverb and with it finish the sentence with a negative conjugation.

나는 별로 배고프지 않아 = I’m not really hungry
나는 밖에 별로 나가고 싶지 않아 = I don’t really want to go outside
그는 별로 잘생기지 않았다 = He’s not that handsome

290
Q

One sided

별로(2nd in not not bring really, that(especially, particularly) in present(formal and informal), past(formal and informal), future give me what it means and its conjugation.

A

(ig) You should know by now that 이다 usually does not attach to adverbs. 별로 is an exception, as it is very common for Korean people to use this construction to describe their indifference towards something.
별로야 = Meh, not really
별로요 = Meh, not really
It can also be used in the past tense. In these cases, the past tense conjugation of 이다 is used for both formal and informal situations.
별로였어요 = Meh, it wasn’t that good
아니. 별로였어 = Nah, not really.

291
Q

Meh, it wasn’t that good(one word past tense, informal high)

A

별로였어요

292
Q

Nah, not really(two words, informal, past tense)

A

아니. 별로였어

293
Q

Meh, not really(present, informal, has 야)

A

별로야

294
Q

Meh, not really(present, informal high)

A

별로요

295
Q

In using what type of 별로, how and when is used in setence and connotation of it and connotation of the type of 별로 in that these cases ?

A

It can also be used immediately after a noun, almost as if it were an adjective. This allows it to be used by a speaker even if there was not a soliciting question using 별로이다. The only difference is that using “별로이다” in these cases is very colloquial and more common in speech.

296
Q

grav

At all
similar to 별로 in the sense that has to end with a negative conjugation with the verb at the high

A

(grav)전혀

나는 전혀 배고프지 않아 = I’m not hungry at all
나는 밖에 전혀 나가고 싶지 않아 = I don’t want to go outside at all
그는 전혀 잘생기지 않았다 = He’s not handsome at all

297
Q

Grav 2 based on connotation

not even one like expressing a similar meaning to 전혀, very commonly have negative conjugation with the verb at the end

it can be used even in situations where nothing is countable. In this case, it is better translated to something like “not at all”

A

(grav 2 based on connotation)하나도
Attaching 도 to 하나

저는 친구가 하나도 없어요 = I don’t even have one friend
저는 사진을 하나도 안 찍었어요 = I didn’t even take one picture
그 할아버지는 주름이 하나도 없어요 = That grandfather doesn’t even have one wrinkle
저는 밥을 하나도 안 먹었어요 = I didn’t eat at all
학교가 하나도 재미없어요 = School isn’t fun at all

298
Q

one sided

훨씬 vs 더 difference, and what something you can do with both and what does it do

A

훨씬 meaning is stronger than 더.
You can also put 더 in the sentence after 훨씬 with no difference in meaning:

299
Q

Much more(has ㅎ, not 더, just a vocab word)

A

훨씬

나는 나의 남동생보다 훨씬 똑똑해 = I am way/much smarter than my brother
PLAY한국어는 영어보다 훨씬 어렵다 = Korean is much more difficult than English
You can also put 더 in the sentence after 훨씬 with no difference in meaning:
나는 나의 남동생보다 훨씬 더 똑똑해 = I am way/much smarter than my brother
한국어는 영어보다 훨씬 더 어렵다 = Korean is much more difficult than English

300
Q

store assistant

A

점원

점원 모집 = Clerk Wanted (you might see this on a sign outside a store looking for applicants)
저는 점원한테 질문을 물어봤어요 = I asked the clerk a question
이 가게는 점원 한 명만 있어요 = This store only has one person working here

301
Q

grav

indicates some form of “relation.” A literal translation would be “to have relation with.”
About/regarding the noun
related/relating to the indicated noun

You can use ~에 관하다 instead of ~에 대하다. Although this word and 대하다 can be used to create a similar meaning in some situations, it is awkward to use this word when “thinking” about something/somebody.
나는 너에 “this verb” 많이 생각했어
Would be better off said as:
나는 너에 대해 생각했어 = I thought about you

A

에 관하다/에 관련해 connotations with a similar word to it, it meaning and general connotation

나는 한국역사에 관한 영화를 봤어 = I saw a movie related to Korean history
환경에 관한 영화가 많아요
= There are a lot of movies relating to the environment
이 문제에 관해 회의가 있을 것이다
= There will be a meeting relating to this problem
태극기에 관한 이야기를 했어요
= We had a discussion relating to the Korean flag

302
Q

A thing about/regarding the ( indicated Noun), the hint is regarding(2)

A

“indicated noun”에 관한 것/에 관련한 것 (2 translation very similar)

303
Q

repeated

About the noun

A

indicated noun에 대해(one translation)

304
Q

A thing about the indicated noun

A

indicated noun에 대한 것(one translation)

305
Q

grav

often used in the same way as ~에 대하다 and ~에 관하다.(3) give me the dictionary translation and how it written/spoken(2). Give me the underlying idea based on from the form. What should you know this usage.

A

~에 관련해 is usually written/spoken as 관련하여 (or 관련되어).
Remember that 해 is actually the shortened form of 하여, and is much more common. In some formal situations, instructions, and signs you might find 하여 used more often than “해,” However, 관련하여 is quite common.

환경에 관련된 영화가 많아요
환경에 관련한 영화가 많아요
= There are a lot of movies relating to the environment(for two above)
태극기에 관련된 이야기를 했어요
태극기에 관련한 이야기를 했어요
= We had a discussion relating to the Korean flag
이 문제에 관련되어 회의가 있을 것이다
이 문제에 관련하여 회의가 있을 것이다
= There will be a meeting relating to this problem

306
Q

“If (that situation)…”, “if so.” and its relationship with the very similar counter part that has no ㄷ.

A

그러면 and 그렇다면 means the same thing.
By adding ~ㄴ/는다면 to 그렇다 you can create “그렇다면”
(Remember that 그렇다 is an adjective and therefore 그렇는다면 would be incorrect)

내일 비가 올 것 같아요 = It will probably rain tomorrow
Person 2: 그러면/그렇다면 공원에 안 갈 거예요 = If so, I’m not going to the park

Person 1: 나는 오늘 집에 안 갈 거야 = I’m not going home today
Person 2: 그러면/그렇다면 나도 안 갈 거야 = If so, I’m not going either

307
Q

go on a trip to (partial sentence using one of the vocab card)

A

~로 여행을 다녀오다

308
Q

Give me the word and connotations
Around the circumference
학교 앞에 = in-front of the school
You can use 주위 in the same way, but to mean “around.”
달은 지구 주위를 돌아요 = The moon spins around the earth
학생들이 넘어진 친구 주위에 서 있었어요 = The students stood around their friend who had fallen

나는 학교 주위를 걷는 것을 좋아해 = I like walking around the school

A

주위
주위(에) 에 is optional

309
Q

Grav(2 on the two meanings)

주위(not the primary, 2 meanings and connotations)

그가 주위를 두리번거렸어요 = He looked around at his surroundings. (두리번거렸어요 means look around, 주위 doesn’t mean around here.)
주위가 안전하지 않아요 = This area/surrounding area isn’t safe
그는 주위 사람들을 안 믿어요 = He doesn’t trust those around him
주위 사람 중에 그를 좋아하는 사람은 하나도 없어요 = There isn’t even one person around him that likes him

A

It can also be used to refer to the general surroundings of a place.

Also used it to refer to the people who one often comes in contact with. This is often translated to the people “around” a person – but not in a physical sense. Rather, it refers to ones friends, family, coworkers, etc. Basically around with pronoun before or without it.

310
Q

lint, difference, grav

Once, First, For Now(see difference with others)
This is one of those adverb that has no real meaning but rather add a specifc feeling to a sentence. When somebody says “this word”, one can expect that the speaker will be mentioning that one action will happen before another.

일단 is merely there to give feeling to the sentence, not translations.
When using this, must use ~ㄴ/은 후에 or 이상.

A

(grav)일단, meaning, connotation of meaning and the kind of word it not like verb and category of words. Tell me connotation of when you use the usage and relationships of words with it.

일단 제가 밥을 먹은 후에 밖에 나갈 거예요 = Once I eat, I will go outside
일단 일을 다 한 후에 아빠에게 전화할 거예요
= Once I do all the work, I will call my dad
일단 재료를 산 후에 샐러드를 만들 거예요
= Once I buy the ingredients, I will make a salad

311
Q

One sided

Throughout your studies, you will learn a variety of adverbs that can be placed in sentences that have no real meaning, what does this do?

A

(ig)The purpose they serve is more to add feeling to a sentence rather than to change the meaning in any drastic way. The purpose of these words (or the feeling that they give off) is to allow the listener/reader to expect the type of sentence that is about to be said.

They’re merely there to give feeling to the sentence, not translations.

312
Q

grav, htsk

is similar to 후에, but when this word is used the speaker is specifically indicating that the clause prior to this word has already completed, and that he/she will now complete the clause after this word. The translation of “now that one has…” is usually appropriate.

The word “이상” is often used in sentences with 일단 similar to how “후에” is used.

A

(grav)이상, apporpriate meaning and connotation on usage and meaning

Also relationship to another word when using it connotation?

일단 제가 시작한 이상 멈추지 않을 거예요 = Now that I’ve started, I won’t stop
일단 일을 다 한 이상 아빠에게 전화할 거예요 = Now that I’m done all my work, I will call my dad
일단 재료를 산 이상 샐러드를 만들 거예요 = Now that I have bought all the ingredients, I will make a salad

313
Q

one sided

일단(2nd usage, in like a phrase that is correlated with it in a grammer standpoint not words but more of suffixes added)
Also what is the implication of using this?

A

In addition to this, you will often see 일단 placed at the beginning of a sentence that has the particle “~부터” attached to the object in the clause that happens first, followed by a verb with ~고 attached. For example:일단 밥부터 먹고…

When added to a noun like this (as in the example above) preceded by “일단” one is indicating that one action should happen before another action. The construction above (which is not a complete sentence yet) means that the speaker wants to eat first, and then, after finishing eating, another action can take place.

나는 일단 밥부터 먹고 나갈 거야

Again, this sentence implies that the speaker wants to eat, and then after finishing eating, wants to go out(side). This sentence could translate to many different things in English:

314
Q

How much do you weigh?(there is two with connotations to it)

A

(몸무게가) 몇 kg야? = How much do you weigh?
(몸무게가) 몇 kg(가) 나가? = How much do you weigh?
“몸무게” can be omitted

315
Q

Grav, one sided

It is also possible to use what as the predicating word of the sentence, for telling how much you weigh, and what do it do or the informal version, renember need a verb at the end of the sentence, this happens as it specific to the sentence and just how people talk and write.

Also when telling your weight, what should you know and commonly see.

A

나가다

나는 (몸무게가) 70 키로야 = I weigh 70 kilograms

you are more likely to see “kg” written instead of “킬로” or “킬로그램.”

나는 (몸무게가) 70 kg 나가 = I weigh 70 kilograms

316
Q

HTSK, grav

One of the adverbs that have no real translation to English used in sentences for feeling and to help the listener expect what the speaker will say.

This word is used in sentences when the result of a sentence can’t be certain. Due to the nature of sentences where the second clause is a supposition or assumption, it is common to see “this word” used in sentences that follow the first usage of what not this word, what do you must use and connotation of placement ?

A

(grav) 만약 in the first clause and must use (으)면 of first clause before the second clause

만약 내가 공부했으면 시험을 합격했을 것이다 = If I studied, I would have passed the test
만약 내가 밥을 먹었으면 배고프지 않았을 것이다 = If I ate, I wouldn’t have been hungry
만약 내일 비바람이 오면 경기가 취소될 거예요
= If it storms tomorrow, the match/game will be cancelled

317
Q

One sided

How does irregularity of ㅅ, ㅡ, ㄷ, 르, ㅂ, ㄹ, ㅎ irregular work with (으)면

What should you about specifically ㅎ irregualr connotation.

Also what you this irregular rules for?

A

(ig) The ㅅ irregular, ㄷ irregular and ㅂ irregular all follow the same rules. The addition of the vowel causes a change (or elimination) of the last letter of the stem.

The ㅡ and 르 irregular are not affected by this addition. The final letter in both types of stems is a vowel, so “면” is added

~면 can be attached to words ending in ㄹ.

Adding ~(으)면 causes a change to ㅎ irregular words. The ㅎ is removed, and ~면 is added to the stem. Anytime you have the option of adding ~(으) as part of a grammatical addition, the ㅎ will be removed from the stem and the grammatical addition without “으” will be added to the remainder of the stem.

You will see these same changes to irregulars anytime you add something that begins in ~(으)ㅁ: (으)면서 ~(으)며
~(으)므로

318
Q

HTSK

for the phone to cut out(no trick based on previous on vocab)

A

전화가 끊기다

319
Q

htsk

for the gas/electricity to be cut off(give me the two b/c of /)

A

가스/전기가(need 가 even though just subject) 끊기다(give me the two b/c of /)

320
Q

good

Electricity

A

전기

install electricity
전기 장치를 하다
atmospheric electricity발음듣기
공중 전기

321
Q

HTSK

for contact to be cut off and what is the noun meaning usage, in the clarifer

A

연락이 끊기다

연락이 is chinese contact just have to know the phrases

322
Q

abrev(put it in the abreav section later)., one sided, do research on it

그런데 abbreviation

A

근데

323
Q

grav

In Korean, you have to do what with actions that
are gonna happen when talking and writing and why?

A

In Korean, you have to mention and specify all the actions that
are gonna happen specifically.
포장해서 가다 to pack and go, 가지고 가다 to take and go
= To take out

324
Q

one sided, grav

What can you do with 하다 verbs that have nouns to add like adverbs, other verbs, and others like 식작, 오래

A

(ig) You can any rip 하다 verbs that have a noun
공부를 하다; 요리를 공부하고 연습해요; 요리 오래 했어요? I study and practice cooking. Did you cook for a long time?
아니요. 요리 시작 십분 전에 공부하고 연습했어요. No, I studied and practiced 10 minutes before cooking (start)

325
Q

In regards with 에, what would you use with the destination where you demonstate and insinuate some sort of goal

A

What does 를/을(object particle) do in replacement of 에 for the the destination objects and connotation?

저는 공원을 달려(서) 가요
I run in the park (doing the goal of running)
저는 공원에 달려(서) 가요
I run to the park (when I’m not there)

저는 학교에 가요 I go to school (just physically moving)
저는 학교를 가요 I go to school (going with goal)
저는 영화관에 갔어요 I went to the movies
(as a destination of moving)
저는 영화관을 갔어요 I went to the movies
(to watch a movie => insinuating a goal)
저는 헬스장에 가요 I go to the gym (as a location)
저는 헬스장을 가요 I go to the gym (to work out)
[insinuating a goal]

326
Q

One sided, in a way repeated

What’s the difference with 에(3 connotations) and obj particle 를/을(2 connotations) when using it for destination as object.

A

(ig) 에 indicates that you aren’t there yet, as a location, and destination of moving

를/을 insinuate that you have a goal and doing the goal of that verb

저는 공원을 달려(서) 가요
I run in the park (doing the goal of running)
저는 공원에 달려(서) 가요
I run to the park (when I’m not there)

저는 학교에 가요 I go to school (just physically moving)
저는 학교를 가요 I go to school (going with goal)
저는 영화관에 갔어요 I went to the movies
(as a destination of moving)
저는 영화관을 갔어요 I went to the movies
(to watch a movie => insinuating a goal)
저는 헬스장에 가요 I go to the gym (as a location)
저는 헬스장을 가요 I go to the gym (to work out)
[insinuating a goal]

327
Q

Where is it?(one word, not really tricky)

A

어디예요?

328
Q

Grav(2 based on connotation)

to move (in/out)(meaning like a place where you lived in like house and apartment)

A

이사하다 meaning and connotation

이사 can be its noun form, usally used with 가(to go)

to move from an apartment to one’s own house
아파트에서 자기 집으로 이사하다

to move out due to rezoning
구획 정리로 인해 이사하다

이사 가?
You are moving?

329
Q

good

Give me the word and what connotation do you need to know when using it.
change of the house

Move Noun( in the sense of to move (in/out)(meaning like a place where you lived in like house and apartment))

A

이사(nothing related to director or person)

Typically used with 가/가?(to go)

언제 이사 가십니까?
When are you moving?

A full moving service would be expensive but a lot more convenient.
포장이사는 비싸겠지만 훨씬 더 편리할 거야.

이사 좀 가게요.
I want to move.

330
Q

interest (from a bank)

A

이자

Interest is charged at a flat rate of 11%.
이자는 고정 금리로 11%가 부과된다.

The money was repaid with interest.
그 돈은 이자를 붙여 갚았다.

bank loans with low interest rates
이자[금리]가 싼[낮은] 은행 융자금

331
Q

Are you at ease?

A

안녕하니?

안녕하다 means to be at ease, but not really commonly used, only see it to mean to mean hello.

332
Q

Should we be at ease?

A

안녕할까?

안녕하다 means to be at ease, but not really commonly used, only see it to mean to mean hello.

333
Q

Will it be okay?

A

괜찮을까?

334
Q

one sided

에서 never means

A

(ig)to

335
Q

grav(2 based on the meanings), somewhat repeated

부터 meanings(2)

A
  1. From 2. First(adv)
    너 늦게 오면 나부터 밥 먹을 게
    If you come late, I’ll eat (me) first
    (you need 나 because

한국어를 배우고 싶으면 한글부터 배워야 해요.
If you want to learn Korean, You should learn Alphabet first
맛있는 것부터 먹어요? 아니면 맛없는 것부터 먹어요?
Do you eat something delicious first or do you eat
something disgusting first?

336
Q

repeat, one sided because too easy

How to say Me and tell me the politness of ones indicated

A

(ig)저를(polite), 나를(casual) (repeated)

337
Q

repeated

How to say I with particles and politness with one indicated

A

(repeated)저는(polite), 나는(casual), 제가(polite), 내가(casual)

338
Q

grav

까지(2nd, used 30%)

A

even(in the sense of not math like saying also like even this)

이 식당은 물까지 맛이 없다.
This restaurant even water is not tasty.
에이든은 한국어, 영어 그리고 스페인어까지 할 수 있어요.
Aiden can do Korean, English and even Spanish.
이번 주말에 형부터 할머니까지 집에 놀러 왔어요.
On this weekend, first brother, even grandma came to hang
out at the house.
공부부터 하고 빨래까지 하면 놀 수 있어.
If I study first and do even laundry then we can hang out

339
Q

one sided because too easy

How to say you with particles for subject and object and tell politness with each one, also what should you about using pronouns

A

(ig)너가,너는/네가 너를(only one)(all casual for one above)
당신이, 당신은, 당신을(all this row polite)

Korean people dislike using ‘pronoun’

340
Q

How to say “your” and indicate politeness

A

너의(네) (casual)
당신의 (polite)

341
Q

n. pilot( job)

A

조종사

342
Q

it’s nothing/not a big deal(informal, saying, tricky)

A

별 거 아냐
(pretty much renmber 별 means start, basically meaning there it is not a star and means similar to it)

343
Q

repeated, grav

is there any chance, by any chance(starts with ㅎ)

A

혹시

혹시 좀 도와줄 수 있어요?
Can you help me plz?
혹시 (제가) 도와드릴 수 있어요?
Can I help you?

344
Q

One sided, grav(give me 4 by you, for you, by somebody, and for somebody

In terms of politness what is the action by you or for you.
Also how about by somebody and for somebody?

A

(ig) (give me 4 by you, for you, by somebody, and for somebody) You don’t use honorifics if the action is by you or for you.

You use honorific for an action by somebody or for somebody

345
Q

one sided, grav

Connotation from like English, when you are asking for somebody for help, so bascially what do you not do from?

A

In Korean, we don’t ask permission when we want to help somebody by saying ‘Can I help you’ because we already figured that we’re capable of helping and simply ask if they want it or not. You don’t use honorifics for an action by you or for you. You use honorific for an action by somebody or for somebody

Basically you don’t say can I help you?
You can say Can you help me, should I help you, would I help you?

346
Q

docs

Can you help me plz(has 혹시 in the beggining, the please is in noun form, there is also auxilary verb, somewhat tricky)?

A

혹시 좀 도와줄 수 있어요?

347
Q

somewhat tricky, renember ㄹ 까 grammar as being able talking to someone

would I help you?

A

혹시 도와 줄까?

348
Q

docs, grav

어때(요)(not the primary one it’s has connotation of the main usage. Also when using this, what must you do(in a way connotation)? Also, what should you know about it’s connotation, and what can you replace this word to be used instead. Also what does it basically mean?

A

This can also be used to ask about somebody’s opinion about an event that hasn’t happened yet. In order to do this, you can describe some event in the future and then turn the clause into a noun. The word can then be placed after the clause.
(There is no ㄹ 까 connector for this one, has ㄸ in it.)
Renember for noun clauses using “것이” can (and often is) shortened to “게”, which is more likely to be seen and heard.
In these situations, it is acceptable to replace 어때(요) with 어떻다 + ㄹ/을까(요).
Basically meaning how about in this context.

Those these examples fine,
지금 가는 것이 어때요? = How about going now?
영화를 보는 것이 어때요? = How about watching a movie?
However, “것이” can (and often is) shortened to “게.” Those two sentences above would be more likely heard/seen as: 지금 가는 게 어때요? = How about going now?
영화를 보는 게 어때요? = How about watching a movie?
영화를 보는 게 어떨까요? = How about watching a movie?

349
Q

One sided

When creating noun phrases with 것이, what often happens, and in terms of commonality what is in what?

A

(ig)“것이” can (and often is) shortened to “게”, which is more likely to be seen and heard.

350
Q

docs, grav

Interchangable and means the same with 어때(요) in meaning/connotation of being used to ask about somebody’s opinion about an event that hasn’t happened yet. In order to do this, you can describe some event in the future and then turn the clause into a noun. The word “어때(요)” can then be placed after the clause.
Renember for noun clauses using “것이” can (and often is) shortened to “게”, which is more likely to be seen and heard.
Basically meaning how about in this context.

A

it is acceptable to replace 어때(요) with **어떻다 + ㄹ/을까(요)(어떨까요?) **What’s the meaning/connotation? Also, what should you know about it’s connotation, and what can you replace this word to be used instead. Also what does it basically mean?

영화를 보는 게 어떨까요? = How about watching a movie?
다시 만나는 게 어떨까요? = How about meeting again?
다음 번에 삼겹살을 먹는 게 어떨까요? = Next time, how about eating 삼겹살?
내일 가는 게 어떨까요? = How about going tomorrow?

351
Q

One sided

What’s the difference and connotation between 어떨까(요) and ㄹ까.

A

the meaning that is created is very similar(if not identical) to simply using ~ㄹ/을까(요) at the end of a sentence to mean “shall,” which it basically mean how about in the context of being used to ask about somebody’s opinion about an event that hasn’t happened yet.

다시 만나는 게 어떨까요? = How about meeting again?
다시 만날까요? = Shall we meet again?

352
Q

grav, docs

what do you used and describe its form in being used is at the end of a sentence where the speaker is directing a question towards oneself. This would happen when somebody is wondering something and just expressing their thoughts out loud and not directing their speech at any person in particular.
When using this word, it is added to a verb or adjective where the subject of the sentence is the speaker, this type of question has a nuance that does not exist in the “regular form” of that question.

There is another flashcard that asks about it’s nuance and what it basically means

A

(grav) ㄹ/을까(don’t use 요, because you talking about yourself) (just clarification, since we keep seing this I didn’t do ㄹ/을/X because it is obvious). What is it usage, nothing about possiblity for this one, this one isn’t using with third person or with third and first person, not talking to any third person?
Give connotation on usage, meaning,

353
Q

to reduce info on flashcard and overload, onesided

For ㄹ/을까 being used at the end of a sentence where the speaker is directing a question towards oneself. This would happen when somebody is wondering something and just expressing their thoughts out loud and not directing their speech at any person in particular. What does it basically mean and connotation of how to know that it means this?

A

(ig) Will I do this action is illogical because the speaker is asking himself about his own free will – something that nobody knows except for himself. Rather, the speaker is asking himself if he should go (or not)(in doing the indicated action)

When you look at these sentences with this by themselves, there is really no way to know if the speaker is talking to himself or speaking to another person. However, real-life conversation has context and only through this context can the specific usage of these sentences be clear.

(내가) 이렇게 할까? = Should I do it like this?
친구를 만날까? = Should I meet my friend? 공연을 보러 갈까? = Should I go to see the performance? 어디 갈까? = Where should I go?

354
Q

grav, docs

ㄹ/을까(요). What is it another usage, nothing about possiblity for this one, this one isn’t just first person not third person on it’s own.
~ㄹ/을래(요) and how it can be used to have this meaning as well.
Give connotation on usage, meaning, and what it basically mean?

A

Tell me what do you use and describe its form?( doesn’t have ㅐ in it). Also what can word be interchangebly used with it.
Here, both the speaker (you) and the listener (the person you are talking to) are the acting agents of the sentences.
the speaker is asking for the listener’s opinion about something they (the speaker and the listener) will both do.

The typical English translation for sentences like this is “Shall…”, I included other examples because shall isn’t common in English, see that why stop thinking translating mode and why you learn grammer.

(우리가) 밥을 먹을까? = Should we eat rice?
(우리가) 뭐 먹을까? = What should we eat?
그 사람을 고용할까요? = Shall we hire that person?
한 모금 더 마실까요? = Shall we drink one more sip?

355
Q

preply, docs, grav

By attaching this usage of ~ㄹ/을까 to 그렇다 you can create 그럴까?
What’s meaning and connotation.

집에 늦게 갈래요? = Shall we go home late?
Person 2: 그럴까? = Sure, shall we do (it like) that?

A

It is commonly said after another person suggests something to do – at which point, the listener in effect agrees and repeats the question back to the original speaker. As with most grammatical principles that attach to the verb it is from, a perfect translation is hard to create.
집에 늦게 갈래요? = Shall we go home late?
Person 2: This word(only one) = Sure, shall we do (it like) that?

356
Q

docs, grav

ㄹ/을까(요). What is it another usage, nothing about using only first person nor used as we with we for first person and third person as speaker on it’s own.
Tell me the usaage, connotation of meaning, and connotation of what it basically means.

A

This word/grammar/suffix,also tell me its form in like politness(very obvious) can also be used to ask a question to another person about what you (the speaker) will do. Here, only the speaker (you) is the acting agent of the sentence, and the speaker is asking for the listener’s opinion.
This form is most commonly used immediately before giving/offering something to somebody. In a way, the speaker is asking “if it is okay” if he/she gives/offers something to the listener.

Though this often translates in English to “Shall…” it is more a statement of what you will be doing in the very near future, and you are slightly asking for permission to do that action.

밥을 줄까? = Shall I give you rice?
밥을 줄까? = I’m going to give you rice, if that is okay with you?
문을 열어 줄까? = Shall I open the door for you?

357
Q

to reduce info on flashcard and overload, onesided, grav(if possible)

What verbs/ verb with auxilary do you use for it:
When using ㄹ/을까(요), for asking a question to another person about what you (the speaker) will do. Here, only the speaker (you) is the acting agent of the sentence, and the speaker is asking for the listener’s opinion.
This form is most commonly used immediately before giving/offering something to somebody. In a way, the speaker is asking “if it is okay” if he/she gives/offers something to the listener.
Though this often translates in English to “Shall…” it is more a statement of what you will be doing in the very near future, and you are slightly asking for permission to do that action.

A

(ig)It is also possible to use the honorific 드리다 or combine a verb with 주다

문을 열어 줄까? = Shall I open the door for you?
불을 켜 드릴까요? = Shall I turn on the light for you?
내 상황을 자세히 설명해 줄까? = Shall I explain my situation in detail?
공고를 붙여 줄까? = Shall I post the announcement for you?

358
Q

One sided, expanded repeated

~ㄹ/을게(요) vs ㄹ/을까(요) difference and connotation of both

A

(ig) By using ~ㄹ/을까 as introduced in the section immediately above, you can create sentences where the speaker is asking permission to help/service the listener. If you use ~ㄹ/을까 as in the examples above, the sentence is in the form of a question.

Sentences ending in ~ㄹ/을게(요) are not questions. Rather, they are statements of what the speaker will be doing unless the listener objects/interjects in some way. Though their translations and meanings are essentially the same.
문을 열어 줄까? = Shall I open the door for you? (Is it okay if I open the door for you?)
문을 열어 줄게 = I’m going to open the door for you (if that is okay with you)

359
Q

grav

~ㄹ/을게(요) difference with the normal future of ㄹ/을 것

A

(grav) What is this word/grammer/suffix?

The difference is that a regular future tense conjugation (for example, ~ㄹ/을 것이다) is more blunt and direct but using ~this thing softens the sentence a little bit. When using this ~thing, you are checking with the listener before you perform the action.

문을 열 거야 = I will open the door
문을 열게 = I will open the door (if that is okay with you)

360
Q

one sided, not repeated asking different diff

~ㄹ/을게(요) vs ㄹ/을까(요) extra difference in terms of what it used with and reasoning

A

As such, it is more common to find ~ㄹ/을까(요) used with 주다, 드리다 or in other situations where the speaker is servicing or giving something to the listener.

On the other hand, the usage of ~ㄹ/을게(요) is more broad and the speaker does not need to be directly giving something to (or doing something for) the listener. Rather, any action can be used as long as the speaker is the acting agent of the sentence.

지금 밥을 먹을게요 = I will eat now (if that is okay with you)
에어컨을 틀게 = I will turn on the air conditioner (if that is okay with you)
먼저 갈게요 = I will go now (if that is okay with you)
밥을 줄게요 = I will give you rice/food (if that is okay with you)

361
Q

preply, grav, docs

Attaching ~ㄹ/을게(요) to 그렇다 you can create 그럴게(요)
What’s meaning and connotation?

지금 빨리 퇴근하세요 = Leave work (go home) now
Person 2: 네, 그럴게요 = Okay, I will do that if that’s what you want

A

It is commonly used when somebody tells you what to do – at which point you can use *this thing *to say “okay, I will do it (that way) if that is what you want.”

지금 빨리 퇴근하세요 = Leave work (go home) now
Person 2: 네, this thing= Okay, I will do that if that’s what you want

362
Q

docs, grav

Give me connotation on meaning and usage.
~ㄹ/을까(요)(This one isn’t exclusively reserve to with talking to oneself, as we as the subject of first and third person, talking to a third person as person)

내일 비가 올까? = It is possible that it will rain tomorrow?
시험이 어려울까? = It is possible that the exam will be difficult?
선생님도 갈까? = Is it possible that the teacher will go too?
If these types of sentences are said to a listener, I often prefer the following translations:
내일 비가 올까? = Do you think that it will rain tomorrow?
시험이 어려울까? = Do you think that the exam will be difficult?

A

To ask about the possibility of something(it contains one of the question makers)
the acting agent sentence that uses this isn’t the speaker. The sentences with this could be said either to oneself or said to a listener, the only of this grammer meaning to do this. The context makes it clear if the speaker is speaking to himself or to a listener.

363
Q

No trick, one sided, grav

How would I do past tense with ㄹ/을까(no trick) meaning and connotation of usage of who it is directed to? Also give me what it can basically mean?

A

Attaching ~을까요, you can ask about possibility in past situations by conjugating the verb/adjective into the past.(Do you think any object)

The speaker could also be asking about possibility about himself or the listener (instead of a third person), but these types of sentences usually reference one’s ability (or some other variable) to do something.

364
Q

내가 할 수 있을까?(there is 2 and connotation with it)

A

There is only one translation question.
If asked to oneself: Would I be able to do it?
If asked to a listener: Do you think I could do it?

365
Q

No trick in a way

(1)would/should(shall) I help you?
(2nd) should I help you?(different from first, longer)

A

혹시 도와 줄까?(1)
혹시 도와 드릴까요?(2)

366
Q

Defensive

A

방어적

367
Q

good, one

Write it down, jot something down

A

적어,(first def fine)

그는 우편번호 적는 것을 잊어버렸다
He forgot to write down his ZIP[postal] code.

368
Q

pronounciation

To forget, be unaware of

A

잊어요(pronounication)

너무 바빠서 면도하는 것을 잊었다
I was so busy that I forgot to shave.
그는 공부에 열중하느라 더위도 잊었다발음듣기
He was unaware of the heat, absorbed in study.

369
Q

Vase

A

꽃병

370
Q

grav, htsk

결정하다, 기로 must be present and 결정했어요, must be past, this form is required when using and common way to use it compared to using the verb construction it can replace what? What’s the meaning also?

A

(grav)to decide to, what word can replace 하다 in ~기로 하다 in meaning decide to, also like 기로 하다, how is it used.

결정 = decision

서울에 지하철로 가기로 결정했어요
= We decided that we would take the subway to Seoul
결정 했어? Have you decided?
make a spurly decision 충동적으로( 충동적으로 means inpulse) 결정하다, this one just does use the 기로

371
Q

결정, from 결정하다

A

Decision N

결정을 뒤집다 overturn a decision
The decision could be one he lives to regret.
그 결정은 그가 살다 보면 후회할 결정이 될 수도 있다.
Come on—it’s make your mind up time!
어서요. 이제 결정을 내릴 때예요!

372
Q

preply

Abbreviation of 결정했어요.

A

정했어요

373
Q

one

New, anew(adjective)(not the super fancy chinese one)

A

(one def fine) 새로운, meaning and what kind of word like adj or noun

새로운 휴대폰을 아직 안 샀어요 = I still haven’t bought a new phone
새로운 휴대폰을 아직 안 샀어요 = I haven’t bought a new phone yet

374
Q

To defend V.

A

방어하다

방어 = defense noun

리 나라를 방어할 준비가 됐습니까? = Are you ready to defend our country?
그는 가끔씩 자기방어로 거짓말을 해요 = He lies sometimes to defend himself
그 선수가 공격을 하자 상대방 선수가 그 공격을 방어하기 위해 재빨리 움직였어요 = As soon as that player attacked, his adversary moved swiftly to defend the attack

375
Q

방어, from 방어하다

A

Defense N

an Opposition front-bench spokesman on defence
방어에 나선 야당 (간부) 대변인
The team’s weak points are in defence.
그 팀의 약점은 방어이다.

376
Q

the leader of a team (usually a team within a business)

A

팀장, meaning and connotation of meaning

377
Q

grav

(noun), the sentence should end with a negative ending. It is put in sentences to mean “not very” or “not really.” Remember, you can’t really translate perfectly in english, just know that you can still have a word meaning similar to that and can work like not that many, this is applicable to other words as well.

A

(grav) 별로, meaning, connotation of meaning and usage, also universal idea you should know about it.

378
Q

Honorific to have

A

계시다

379
Q

One sided

Because passive verbs cannot act on an object, you will never see what in a sentence predicated by a passive verb in Korean, meaning it is at the end of the sentence.

A

(ig) ~를/을(obj particle)

380
Q

One sided

What should you know about the commonality of using passive verbs.

A

(ig) to use passive verbs in Korean. In almost every situation, it is more natural to use the active form of a verb. For example, instead of saying “the house is built” it is more natural to say “somebody built the house” (which implies that the house is now built).

381
Q

grav

What does passive verb indicates other than obvious that object doing the action, meaning you use what category of works/suffixes/particles. If this part of a sentence is a person, it is acceptable to attach the particle “of what” to the noun. Also tell me commanality. And if non-person, you will attach what?(2) part to the noun?

A

(grav)in order to indicate how/by which means the passive verb occurs, you need to use different particles. If this part of a sentence is a what?, it is acceptable to attach the particle “에게” to the noun. The particle (에, 에 의해) can be used when this part of a sentence is what?. Active form in this aspect is more commonly used.

것은 학생들에게 이해되었어 = It was understood by the students
집은 아버지에게 청소되었어 = The house was cleaned by my dad

382
Q

one sided, repeated

Just give me what basically 으로 means and the things that are used in connection to it.

A

(one-sided) with what tool/device/method/material something is carried out.

저는 집을 청소기로 청소했어요 = I cleaned the house with a vacuum cleaner

383
Q

vacuum cleaner (literally, “cleaning machine”)

A

청소기

384
Q

one sided, grav

To indicate the tool/method by which something occurred using the passive verb, you would have to again use what? as the particle attached to a noun.

A

(ig) ~(으)로
~(으)로 can be used to indicate with what tool/device/method/material something is carried out.

집은 청소기로 청소되었어 = the house was cleaned by a vacuum cleaner, whereas:
집은 청소기에 청소되었어 = is not correct, although most Korean people would probably understand you.

385
Q

a noun in a passive sentence has the particle ~에 (or ~에게, or ~에 의해 for that matter) attached to it, means what?

A

it doesn’t necessarily mean that is the noun that caused the passive verb to occur.

386
Q

one sided, grav, preply, flash

Could also have its more familiar function of designating a place.

A

(grav)( (ig) ~에, lint

세금은 포함돼요 = the tax is included
I could put the noun “값” in the sentence to indicate the location of where the tax is included in.
세금은 값에 포함된다 = The tax is included in the price

나는 너의 말에 감동받았어 = I was impressed with what you said

387
Q

good

greatly, to be big adverb(no trick)

A

크게

사업을 크게 하다발음듣기
carry on a large business

He bit off a large chunk of bread / He bit a large chunk of bread off.
그는 빵을 크게 한 조각 베어 물었다.

388
Q

to be impressed(primary)

A

감동받다

Renember how 받다 an replace 하다 and what that does.

저는 당신의 말에 감동받았어요 = I was impressed with what you said
저는 학생들에게 감동을 크게 받았어요 = I was greatly impressed by the students

389
Q

To impress(causitive), and tell me commanity connotation

A

감동시키다 more commonly used than 감동하다
Give meaning and connotation of it

390
Q

What is another way to make passive for 하다, but it is only applicable to certain verbs (usually acting on people). ~에 can be added to have its more familiar function of designating a place. In order to indicate how/by which means the passive verb occurs, you need to use different particles. If this part of a sentence is a person, it is acceptable to attach the particle “에게” to the noun.(The addition of 에게 and 에 also apply to passive 되다)

교장선생님은 선생님들에게 존경받아요 = The principal is respected by the teachers
나는 너의 말에* 감동받았어 = I was impressed with what you said
저의 형은 존경 받아요 = My brother is respected (literally-my brother receives respect)

A

What does switching 하다 with 받다 do, also give me connotation of usage. Also connotation of what can be added to it in terms of particles and relationship with 되다.

391
Q

htsk

to be respected(2 basically same, difference in format)

A

존경 받다/ 존경받다

교장선생님은 선생님들에게 존경받아요 = The principal is respected by the teachers
저의 형은 존경 받아요 = My brother is respected (literally-my brother receives respect)

392
Q

To respect(active)

A

존경하다

존경 = respect noun

저는 저의 형을 존경해요 = I respect my brother

393
Q

good

Respect Noun

A

존경

존경(심)을 표하다
show one’s respect (to)

394
Q

To turn on(start the flow or operation of something by means of a valve, switch, or button) (regular(not plain), present, past)

violin(only for this instrument

A

켜다, 켜요, 켰어요(give me 2 and its connotation)

불을 켜다발음듣기
turn on the light

395
Q

to be turned off(passive, start the flow or operation of something by means of a valve, switch, or button)

A

켜지다 meaning and connoation

gas wasn’t turned on.
가스가 안 켜져 있었어.
Hurry, it’s light already.
서둘러, 이미 불이 켜졌어.

396
Q

to turn off(past, regular, present, present plain form, start the flow or operation of something by means of a valve, switch, or button)

put out, extinguish(fire)

A

끄다, 꺼요, 끈다, 껐어요

물을 끼얹어 불을 끄다발음듣기
put out[extinguish; quench] a fire with water
컴퓨터를 끄다발음듣기
turn off[shut down] a computer

397
Q

to be attached, to be stucked(attached)(passive)(literal not figurative)

A

붙다, 붙어(give me 2 very similar), also can it be figurative.

벽에 붙어 있는 광고를 봤어요? = Did you see the advertisement that is attached to the wall?
이 스티커가 저의 셔츠에 하루 종일 붙어 있었어요 = This sticker was attached to my shirt all day

398
Q

tricky

to pass an exam

A

시험에 붙다(tricky)

399
Q

tricky

to pass an interview(needs to be in right tense)

A

면접에 붙었다(somewhat tricky)

400
Q

Interview(not konglish)

A

면접

401
Q

interviewer

A

면접관

402
Q

to stick/stamp/label/attach(active)
Also give me the pronunication

A

붙이다(give me 4, very similar)
pronunciation = “부치다”

그 종이를 공책에 풀로 붙이세요 = Stick that paper to your notebook using glue

사람들이 모두 볼 수 있게 안내문을 벽에 붙였다
= (I) posted (attached) an information sign on the wall so that all the people (can) see it

친구에게 전단지를 도시 이리저리에 붙이는 것에 대해 도움을 요청했어요
= I asked my friend for help in putting up these flyers around (here and there) the city

403
Q

To be boiling(liquid)

become very[boiling] hot (The room and body)

boil ( with), fume (at/over/about)((anger))

A

끓다, 끓어요

국이 끓어서 넘친다
The soup is boiling over.
고열로 몸이 펄펄 끓다발음듣기
have a high fever
속에서 화가 끓어 오르고 있다발음듣기
Anger is welling up inside me.

404
Q

good

To be written(has ㅆ)

A

쓰이다(this one doesn’t mean to be use)

405
Q

to provide, to offer(active and passive present and past plain and regular without and with past and present conjugation, 2)(just to review also)

A

제공하다, 제공되다, 제공된다, 제공되었다, 제공돼요, 제공됐어요

no noun form for this verb

그 헬스장은 개인 사물함을 제공해요 = That gym provides a personal locker
우리 학교는 외국 선생님들한테 집을 제공해요 = The school provides housing to foreign teachers
밥은 학교에 의해 제공된다 = food is provided by the school
밥은 학교에 의해 제공되었다 = food was provided by the school

406
Q

HTSK

to be tricked(passive)

A

속다, 속아요(not wrong, its right) meaning, is it active or passive

저는 친구에게 속았어요 = I was tricked by my friend

407
Q

htsk

to trick somebody(active)(give me regular not plain and present conjugated(no trick just to see if renember))

A

속이다, 속여요 (not wrong, it’s right), meaning, is it active or passive

저는 친구를 속였어요 = I tricked my friend

408
Q

One sided

When dealing with these passive verbs however, you need to think about whether or not that passive verb is in what and the connotation of it that doesn’t fit this what?

A

(ig)When dealing with these passive verbs however, you need to think about whether or not that passive verb is in the state of something. 하다 to 되다 or 받다 are not passive verbs in the state of something.

나는 너의 말에 감동받았어 = I was impressed with what you said
Simply means that you were impressed. It does not mean that you are in the state of being impressed. But, in these sentences:
The computer is on. The TV is off. The door is locked.
All of those nouns are in the state of something

409
Q

one sided

What verbs are usally associated with being in the state of something, passive?

A

놓이다(놓여)

410
Q

repeat since alter, grav(for 2, optional 1)

놓이다. 놓여요(1)

놓여 있다(2, more common)

I put my notes/ nokia away

A

Which one more common?
(1)for an object to be lying down(one verb, give me reg not conjugated and present conjugated

(2) for something to be “lying” somewhere

펜이 탁자에 놓여 있어요 = The pen is on the table (lying on the table)
책상에 책 몇 권이 놓여 있어요 = There are some books on the desk

411
Q

pronunciation, grav

to search for(data, information, etc), to surf the internet(see diff with other to find and to search)

A

검색하다(pronunciation)
The pronunciation = “검새카다”
Give me 2 and connotations

-
commonly see the noun form of this word (검색) on clickable buttons on the internet allowing you to “search”
그 단어를 네이버에 검색했어요 = I looked up that word on “Naver”

412
Q

good

commonly see this word on clickable buttons on the internet allowing you to “search”

search (of a suspicious person, thing on internet, etc.)

A

검색(give me 2 and connotation)

공항의 세관 검색이 간소화될 것이다
Customs searches at airports are going to be streamlined.
searches on the database
그 데이터베이스에 대한 전면적인 검색

413
Q

One sided

On Korean computers, they usually don’t put what type of words like adj, adverb on buttons on the screen – and they do what?

A

(ig) On Korean computers, they usually don’t put verbs on buttons on the screen – instead they put the noun form of the verb.

414
Q

To zoom(verb), and give me connotation of it on the button on Korean computer.

to expand(the scale, scope, etc)

(photo, size etc.) to enlarge

A

Just give me translations of the verb.
확대하다, On Korean computers, they usually don’t put verbs on buttons on the screen – instead they put the noun form of the verb, so you would use 확대, not really used by itself just used as zoom on the computer mainly.

고용을 확대하다발음듣기
expand employment
사진을 확대하다
enlarge a photograph

415
Q

One sided, grav if applicable, really recommanded for this one

To indicate that something “is in the state” of something in Korean, you must do what, and connotation of what it is.

A

(grav if applicable, really recommanded for this one) (ig)add ~아/어 있다 to the passive verb.

Sometimes 있다 is a verb, and sometimes it is an adjective. When used as ~아/어 있다 as described here, 있다 is a verb.

컴퓨터가 켜져 있어요 = The computer is (in the state of) on
TV가 꺼져 있어요 = The TV is (in the state of) off
문이 잠겨 있어요 = The door is (in the state of) locked

416
Q

One sided

In terms of passive sentences, what do you use or not at all regarding subject markers. In most cases, this is usually more natural with these types of sentences.

A

(ig) 이/가

417
Q

문이 바람에 닫혔어요, explain the relationship with if this verb was in a state form passive.

A

Just give me the translation in korean.
The door was closed by the wind
In this case we know how the door was closed. Again, though you could assume that the door (after that point) was in the state of “closed” this sentence does not specifically indicate that, if you want to specify that it was in the state of close and that the door, it’s never indicated that it was closed by something or someone use ~아/어 있다 with the passive verb.

418
Q

one sided

문이 닫혀요 vs 문이 닫혀 있어요 difference and the connotation of the first one

A

(ig) 문이 닫혀요 = The door closes. While technically correct, you would need some other information to make this sentence more natural(think like english) (for example, “the door closes every day at 9:00pm”). 문이 닫혀 있어요 = The door is closed. This sentence is not referring to the door closing. It is only stating that the door is currently in the state of “closed”

419
Q

One sided

문이 닫혀 있을 거예요 = The door will be closed. Explain the connotation of the passiveness and relationship of passive state form?

A

This is a passive sentence that indicates that the door will be in the state of “closed” in the future. It does not indicate who/what will close the door; all we know is that, at that time in the future, the door will be closed.

420
Q

One sided

How would make future passive “in the state” of something with the verbs that can do it usally like turn on, turn off, closed

A

(ig)있을 거예요

421
Q

Connotation of verbs used with and verbs commonly used with to describe that it is in the passive “state” of something.

A

Just because an active verb has a passive equivalent, it does not mean you can attach ~아/어 있다. Typically this is only done for words like on, off, open, closed, etc…(basically think English)
Like this can’t be used: 나는 속아 있다… (속다 = to be tricked passive)
… I am… in the state of being tricked.
This doesn’t make sense. Once you’re tricked, you’re tricked. You do not continue being in the state of “tricked”

422
Q

good

to be finished, to end(passive)

A

끝나다(there are alot, but give me the main two)

나다 is passive and a word ending in 내다 is active.

실패로 끝나다 end in failure

423
Q

lint

meanings are very complex and depend heavily on the situation, but their general meanings are:
for something to come up/arise/occur
(passive)

A

나다, lint, give me general meanings(3) and if passive or active, give me connotation of meaning on like complexity and influence of the context

424
Q

lint

meanings are very complex and depend heavily on the situation, but their general meanings are:
to make something come up/arise/occur (active)

A

내다,lint, give me general meanings(3) and if passive or active, give me connotation of meaning on like complexity and influence of the context

425
Q

good

To break(active)

A

고장 내다

-
나다 is passive and a word ending in 내다 is active.
break a machine 기계를 고장 내다.
Damn, I told you I break cameras.
제기랄, 내가 카메라 고장냈다고 말했잖아.

426
Q

good

to be broken(passive)(give me 2 and connotation with the second one with the active form of this thing)

A

고장 나다/고장났다
The spacing also applicable to 고장 내다.

-
나다 is passive and a word ending in 내다 is active.
I’ve a broken car. 난 고장난 차가 있어.
My bus broke down. 나의 버스가 고장 났어
So it won’t break down. 그래서 고장나지 않을 것이다.

427
Q

I will eat well(saying thank you for the food)

A

잘 먹겠습니다

428
Q

Broken

A

고장난 from 고장 나다

429
Q

One sided

It is very common to use what of both of 끝나다, 고장 나다 and usage commonality relationship with 끝내다 and 고장 내다 in the passive voice and its connotation.

A

(ig) It is very common to use the past tense conjugation of both of 끝나다, 고장 나다 in the passive voice even when the thing is currently broken/finished. In English, we would say these sentences in the present tense, but in theory the thing/task was broken/finished in the past.

숙제는 끝났어요 = My homework is finished
컴퓨터는 고장 났어요 = The computer is broken
the use of “나다” (as seen above) is more common than the use of 내다 in these cases. Nonetheless, the following are acceptable:
저는 숙제를 끝냈어요 = I finished my homework
저는 컴퓨터를 고장냈어요 = I broke the computer

430
Q

One sided, grav(3 from the words that are common used with it.)

나다 means “for something to come up/arise/occur” which means it can be used in a lot with and words commonly used with(there’s three)

A

(ig) which means it can be used in a lot of sentences to indicate that some noun “comes up”, Three common ways to use 나다 are with 기억, with 생각, and with 냄새:

아! 그것이* 기억났다! = Ah! I remember that! (Literally – my memory came up)
좋은 생각이* 났어요! = I have a good idea (Literally – a good idea came up)
그 가방에서 냄새가 났어요 = That bag is smelly (A smell is coming out of that bag)

431
Q

the verb of a sound happening (for a sound to “come up”)

A

소리가 나다

432
Q

To be angry (for anger to “come up”)

A

화가 나다
(가 is subject market but still need it)

433
Q

HTSK

accident(like in English, even car accident works)

A

사고, meaning and connotation

집에 가는 동안 사고를 당했어요 = I got into an accident on my way home

한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요
= The Korean government is trying to prevent traffic accidents

사고가 났음에도 불구하고 경기가 계속되었어요
= The game/match continued despite the accident that arose

사고가 났지만 저의 아버지가 많이 다치지 않았다니 다행이에요
= Even though there was an accident, I am thankful to hear that my dad wasn’t that hurt

434
Q

car/traffic accident(means more traffic accident)

A

교통사고 two meaning and connotation

-
한국 정부는 교통사고를 방지하려고 노력하고 있어요
= The Korean government is trying to prevent traffic accidents

435
Q

for an accident(like in English, even car accident works)to happen, to get into an accident (for an accident to “arise”)

A

사고가 나다(give me 2 very similar and connotation of first word)

사고가 났음에도 불구하고 경기가 계속되었어요
= The game/match continued despite the accident that arose

사고가 났지만 저의 아버지가 많이 다치지 않았다니 다행이에요
= Even though there was an accident, I am thankful to hear that my dad wasn’t that hurt

436
Q

War

A

전쟁

437
Q

for a war to start (for a war to “come up”)

A

전쟁이 나다

438
Q

good

motion sickness

A

멀미

439
Q

for motion sickness to “come up”

A

멀미가 나다

440
Q

One sided

나다 is what when we as English speakers would think of the situation in the present tense and give explanation. Also what would it mean for the vice versa to happen for the what?

A

(ig) 나다 conjugated into the past tense when we as English speakers would think of the situation in the present tense. Since if you think already happen and is coming up.

아! 그것이 기억났다! = Ah! I remember that!
Notice here that 나다 is conjugated to the past but I have translated the English sentence into the present tense. If you imagine your memory as a thing that can “come up,” in theory, the memory had already came up before you said that sentence – therefore making it in the past tense.

It is possible to use these words in the present tense, but that would mean that the noun is currently coming up. 땀이 났어요 = I’m sweating

441
Q

Ah!(아) I remember that!

A

아! 그것이 기억났다!

Notice here that 나다 is conjugated to the past but I have translated the English sentence into the present tense. If you imagine your memory as a thing that can “come up,” in theory, the memory had already came up before you said that sentence – therefore making it in the past tense.
Here, the context of the conversation can inform you if the speaker is referring to something in the past or present tense.

442
Q

I’m sweating(in sentence, in a natural way)

A

나다 less common but is used in present tense in certain circumstances, but that would mean that the noun is currently coming up. 땀이 났어요 (renember koreans don’t use pronouns that much)

443
Q

One sided

나다 less common but is used in present tense in certain circumstances, which what would mean

A

It would mean that the noun is currently coming up. 땀이 났어요 = I’m sweating (renember koreans don’t use pronouns that much)

444
Q

HTSK

I don’t remember that(informal, so verb and pronoun informal, doesn’t use 제가)

A

나는 그것이 기억 안 나(present tense as how can memory not come up as it has happen, it wouldn’t make sense so use present and if want to use past needs to be mean at some time, think english.)

445
Q

To be built

A

지어지다
(짓 + 어 = 지어) + 지다 = 지어지다

그 집은 한국에서 지어졌어요 = that house was built in Korea

446
Q

review/repeated

Without 하다/되다/받다 verbs, verbs that can be in a state (닫다/닫히다) and 나다/내다 verbs, how can you make a verb passive and can it be apply to any verb(no trick, already learn this)

A

No, 아/어지다

447
Q

HTSK

formal to sleep,(conjugated and not conjugated not plain form)

A

주무시다, 주무셔요

잘 주무셨어요? = Did you sleep well?
아버지가 지금 주무시고 있어요 = Dad is sleeping now

448
Q

htsk, docs, grav

can also replace 있다 in the ~아/어 있다(passive in the state form) and ~고 있다 grammatical forms.(hint it is formal)

A

(grav) 겨시다/계셔요 can replace what(2)?

아버지가 아직 서 계셔요 = Dad is still standing
아버지가 아직 드시고 계셔요 = Dad is still eating

449
Q

Grav, docs

when 있다 it is used to indicate that one “has” a noun, the formal equivalent is what

A

(grav) 있으시다 meaning connotation and what does it replace

할아버지! 지금 시간이 있으셔요? = Grandpa! Do you have time now?

450
Q

htsk, grav

“from the start” or “from the beginning.”

A

(grav)“부터” attached to 처음 = 처음부터(give me 2)

그들은 저를 처음부터 싫어했어요 = They didn’t like me from the start
우리는 그 일을 처음부터 시작할 거예요 = We will start that job/task from the beginning

451
Q

grav

according to (that noun), the whole construction attaches to a noun to create this meaning, what is this

A

에 의하면, meaning and connotation of usage.
(attach ~(으)면 to ~에 의하다 to create ~에 의하면.)

심판에 의하면 저는 규칙을 어겼어요
= According to the referee, I broke the rules
치과 의사에 의하면 입에 잇몸 병이 생겼어요
= According to the dentist, a gum-diseased sprung up in my mouth
한국 사람에 의하면 이 나물을 먹으면 힘이 생겨요
= According to Korean people, if you eat this plant/herb, you will get energy

452
Q

Grav(at least 2 based on connotation of meaning)

due to/by

when something is done by a non-person(passive) you use this

When used in active sentences, the most common translation is is “due to.”
When used in passive sentences, the most common translation is is “by.”

(think English) they can be interchangeble, they essentially have the same role in their respective sentences. Such as: Due to the construction, this road is blocked.
This road is blocked by the construction.

A

Grav(at least 2 based on connotation of meaning)
에 의해(give translation meaning(2) and connotation of meaning and usage in sentences and universal idea of the relationships in the usage)

집은 청소기에 의해 청소되었다 = The house was cleaned by the vacuum cleaner
안개에 의해 비행기가 못 떴어요 = The plane couldn’t take off due to the fog
안개에 의해 오이가 다 상했어요 = All of the cucumbers spoiled due to the fog
문이 바람에 의해 열렸어요 = The door was opened by the wind
구름에 의해 저는 석양을 잘 못 봤어요 = I couldn’t see the sunset due to the clouds

453
Q

One sided, grav(optional, if applicable)

에 의해(tell about usage in relationship with verb predication) relationships(vs) 에게 vs regular passive(where it is not indicated who have done the action)

Also just a review, repated, tell me commanlity of passive sentences when speaking?

A

grav(optional, if applicable)
Use no particle = regular passive, not indicated who done the action
에게 = when something is done by a person(passive)
에 의해(a particle, a verb still need to be predicated) = when something is done by a person(passive)

집은 청소되었다 = the house was cleaned
집은 아버지에게 청소되었다 = The house was cleaned by my dad
집은 청소기에 의해 청소되었다 = The house was cleaned by the vacuum cleaner

Although acceptable and understandable, remember that Korean sentences are usually not natural when said in the passive voice.

454
Q

One sided

Explain universal idea and comparison if any with 에 의해, 때문에(think English)

A

(ig) (think english) In my mind, their differences don’t need to be distinguished. In English, and in Korean, there can be more than one way to express the same idea.

안개 때문에 비행기가 못 떴어요 = The plane couldn’t take off because of the fog
공사 때문에 이 길은 막혔습니다 = The road is blocked because of the construction

455
Q

grav

에 의한(에 의하다 in adj form) give me connotation of function and translation in English. Also I know redudant, but give summary of its function again, little nuance and help to understand?

A

Grav
What can describe and upcoming noun bascially meaning due to(not according to) (hint has 의 in it)(Not 대하다, 관하다 and 관련하다 )
indicate the noun that is causing a predicating verb to occur.

담배에 의한 사망은 증가하고 있어요
= Deaths due to smoking are increasing
매년 인종차별에 의한 사망자가 늘고 있어요
= Every year, the number of deaths due to racism (racial discrimination) is increasing
날씨에 의한 피해는 예방할 수 없는 문제예요
= Damage due to weather is a problem that we can’t prevent

456
Q

Due to, (If pressed to find a different English translation to distinguish them, you could use “as a result of.”

What can replace, ~에 의해 with little to no difference, can be used to indicate the noun that is causing a predicating verb to occur.
However, you can’t replace ~에 의하면 with ~(으)로 인하다

A

Give me the two translation and connotation of the second?
(으)로 인해, what can it commonly replace and connotation and relationship with it what can it replace other form in its simplar first usage where there is something added to it?

그 사람은 사고로 인해 목숨을 잃었어요
= That person died from (due to/as a result of) a car accident
야외결혼식이 비로 인해 취소되었어요
= The outdoor wedding was cancelled due to/as a result of the rain
날씨로 인해 콘서트가 취소되었습니다
= The concert was cancelled due to/as a result of the weather

457
Q

grav

Like ~에 의하다, can also be used to describe an upcoming noun in adj form has. (Not 대하다, 관하다 and 관련하다 )

A

(grav) (으)로 인해, what can it also do and be in similarity with ~에 의하다, not in its regular form

담배로 인한 사망은 증가하고 있어요
= Deaths due to smoking are increasing
그 지역에서 호우로 인한 홍수가 많이 생겨요
= In this region/area, there are a lot of floods that are caused by heavy rain
이번에 다행히 지진으로 인한 피해가 없었어요
= Thankfully, there was no damage due to the earthquake this time

458
Q

Grav

How can you make/say imperative to stay and connotation of commanding to say in what(2)?

A

(grav) Imperative endings are often added to 있다 to command somebody to “stay” in a place or in a state.

집에 있어! = Stay at home (be at home!)
잠깐 여기 있어 = Stay here for a second
그냥 집에 있어 = Just stay at home

459
Q

가만히(adverb)
가만히 있어!(imperative sentence)

A

Stay still!/Don’t move!

Give me the imperative sentence and word and explain the type of word like verb, noun

460
Q

One sided

When it comest to replacing (으)세요 and (으)시다, what’s the rule and connotation?
How about if it was if it was 셨어요, 셔, or if you see 시다 first instead of (으)세요?

A

(ig) 가셔요 = 가세요
공부하셔요 = 공부하세요
However,
가셨어요 can not be said as “가셨으세요”
가셔 cannot be said as”가세”
가시다 can not be said as “가세다”
Only when you see “~(으)셔요” can you use “~(으)세요. (has to be in this order, doesn’t work vice versa)

461
Q

One sided, grav(2 based on connotation)

Other than command, what is the other use of (으)셔요 and (으)셔요

A

(grav 2 if can)(ig) They both have a meaning of a regular present tense conjugation in any connotation, can be in question form also.

저의 엄마는 매일 운동하셔요 = My mother exercises every day
저의 엄마는 매일 운동하세요 = My mother exercises every day
이분은 저의 엄마이셔요 = This person is my mother
이분은 저의 엄마이세요 = This person is my mother
선생님, 어디 가셔요? = Teacher, where are you going?
선생님, 어디 가세요? = Teacher, where are you going?
그 사람이 언제 오셔요? = When is that person coming?
그 사람이 언제 오세요? = When is that person coming?

462
Q

One sided

What the rule with ~(으)세요 or ~(으)시다 with ㄷ and ㅅ irregulars.

A

(ig) Works how ㄷ irregular as usaul turning ㄷ to ㄹ and than adding (으)세요.
걷 + 으 + 세요 = 걸으세요
걸으세요 = walk!

Works like ㅅ irregular as usaul where ㅅ is removed. 짓다 = to build
짓 + 으 + 세요 = 지으세요
지으세요 = build!

463
Q

Sit down(command, not trick)

A

앉으세요

464
Q

One sided

(Give me 2)
informal polite, formal(not very formal) 지 마

A

(ig)지 마요
지 마세요

너무 빨리 먹지 마세요 = Don’t eat your food too fast!
부끄러워하지 마세요 = Don’t be shy!

465
Q

osid

~아라/어라 form is generally used by much older people (parents or grandparents) when they are giving orders to younger people. What is negative form

A

(ig)지 마라

가지 마라

466
Q

Don’t do it like that!(informal)

A

그렇게 하지 마!

467
Q

Super fomal 지 마

A

지 마십시오

468
Q

a command without any meaning of “try/attempt.” Nonetheless, the meaning of “try/attempt” is often very subtle and doesn’t really change the meaning of much in the sentence.

A

아/어 보다, in terms of imperative and give me the connotation

여기 와 보세요 = Come here (Try coming here)
지금 앉아 봐 = Sit down (Try sitting down)
문을 열어 봐 = Open the door (Try opening the door)
먼저 가 봐 = Go first (Try going first)

469
Q

Osid

Tell me about (으)시요/(으)시다 with irregular verbs

A

(ig) (으)시요 It doesn’t change irregular verbs
먹 + 으시요 = 먹으시요 읽 + 으시요 = 읽으시요
오 + 시요 = 오시요 자 + 시요 = 자시요 듣다 듣 + 시요 = 듣시요

470
Q

HTSK, repated, grav

Decide to, what grammar does this, and what is the form always in connotation of usage?

What’s often used with it

A

(grav) Explain meaning that’s it.
conjugation: verb stem + 기로 (space)했어요

기로 is always in the present tense and “하다” at the end of the clause is in the past tense, always have to be like this for any tense.

~는데(but/and(some contexts)) is often used with it

우리가 내일 만나기로 했어요 = We decided to meet tomorrow
우리가 어제 만나기로 했어요 = We decided to meet yesterday
저는 선생님이 되기로 했어요
= I decided to become a teacher
내일 친구랑 음악회에 같이 가기로 했어요
= I decided to go to the concert with my friend tomorrow
지금부터 그 친구를 신용하지 않기로 했어요
= From now on I decided to not trust that friend

471
Q

grav(when can), htsk, osid

How do you do negative 기로 했어요(no trick very obvious)

A

(grav)(ig) 안 하기로 했어요

저는 그 여자를 아주 좋아하지만 짝사랑이라서 얘기를 안 하기로 했어요
= I really like that girl, but it is a one-sided love (she doesn’t like me), so I decided to not talk with her

472
Q

grav, htsk

When an action placed before ~기로 하다 was originally supposed to happen but doesn’t, the construction means what?

A

(grav) supposed to do(hint no 되다, has 기 in it) and what grammar does this(its a construction of grammar/words and connotation of usage(little complex)

원래 떡볶이를 먹기로 했는데 친구 한 명이 매운 것을 못 먹어서 다른 것을 먹었어요
= We originally were supposed to eat 떡볶이, but we ate something different because one of my friends can’t eat spicy things

473
Q

htsk, grav

Acts a counter of orders of magnitude.
What do you use for magnitude like twice, three time not 번째, which uses native where it means third, fifth. What number system do you use and connotation of meaning(primary, where it this meaning doesn’t imply or understood by the reader)

A

(grav) 배, counter for what, uses native korean like most counter

You can use these constructions in sentences to compare things by a certain order of magnitude.

이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배 더 비싸게 팔아요
= This vending machine sells food products for three times the price (three times more expensively) of a convenience store
우리 학교 강당은 제가 다녔던 중학교 강당에 비해 두 배 더 넓어요
= Our school’s auditorium is twice as big/wide as the auditorium of the middle school I used to attend
리 학교 학생들은 같은 나이에 다른 학교 학생들보다 다섯 배 더 똑똑해요
= The students at our school are five times smarter than students of the same age at different schools

474
Q

repeat extended, to reduce info on flashcard, grav(2 based on two paras)

배, acts a counter of orders of magnitude, uses korean. What is other connotation of meaning/usage, very similar exapanded of comparing things by a certain order of magnitude, think English.

What can you add to 배 and what does it do and relationship and commonality with 배 without added suffix.

A

(grav 2 based on paragraphs) What counter and number system that. For magnitude in English and Korean, you don’t need to state what you are comparing to – as often times constructions like “twice as much” or “ten times as much” are compared to the implied present or original situation.
Like: Over the past ten years, the standard of living in Korea doubled.

~(으)로 can be added to this counter = (this counter)로. Without ~(으)로) are equivalent in meaning and more common to the sentences below (with ~(으)로).

그 동안 집값은 열 배 비싸졌어요
= During that time the price of went up ten fold
우리는 두 배 더 빨리 가고 싶어요
= We want to go twice as fast
밤중에 택시를 타면 가격은 세 배 더 비싸요
= If you take a taxi in the middle of the night, the price is three times more expensive

저는 재작년에 비해 돈을 두 배로 더 벌고 있어요
이 자판기가 편의점보다 식품을 세 배로 더 비싸게 팔아요(equivalent, less common that without 로)

475
Q

Give me adj and verb
To be strong(having the power to move heavy weights or perform other physically demanding tasks(1) able to withstand great force or pressure(mental and physical)(2))

Be good(at)((Be outstanding at))

A

강하다/강한(1st primary definiotion has 2 connotations/sub def)
(than give its 2nd def, similar)

강한 남자 = a strong man 강한 신념 = a strong[firm] belief
수학에 강하다발음듣기
be good at math

476
Q

HTSK

Give me verb and adj

A

똑똑하다/똑똑한

-
똑똑한 학생 = Smart student
우리 학교에는 똑똑한 학생들이 많아요 = There are a lot of smart students at our school
그 사람은 착하고 똑똑해요 = That person is kind and smart
여자들이 예뻐도 똑똑하지 않으면 매력이 없어요 = Regardless of how pretty girls are, if they are not smart, they have no charm

477
Q

grav(write and pronucnce)

If you want to use a number with a decimal, you would pronouce what and write what?

A

grav(write and pronucnce) 점

2.5 = “이 점 오” 3.6 = “삼 점 육”

478
Q

One sided

We can compare things by orders of magnitude using numbers with decimals, give me the connotation of usage of the number when writing and speaking. (write and pronounce) That stock’s price went up 2.5 fold.(주식 = stock, no 의 in this sent, 의 can be omitted when obvious; 올랐어요 is predicate verb)

A

(ig) The numeral is typically written instead of the words (for example, writing 2.5 instead of 이 점 오) when writing numbers containing a decimal.

그 주식 가격은 2.5배로(2.5배 accpetable too) 올랐어요 = That stock’s price went up 2.5 fold.

479
Q

grav(based on the two meanings), htsk

is very commonly used to say ‘inside of something’ or just your innards(stomach or belly) in general.
It is more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place will be filled with stuff and is not “empty”.
EX: if you enter water or if you enter your body. In both cases, “this word” would be used to refer to the inside of a body, or the inside of water where if you enter your body, it is filled with stuff, and if you enter the water, it is still all water.

A

(grav, 2 based from the two meanings)속, meanings(2) and connotation of the meanings

상자 속에 선물이 있어요. there is a present in the box
속이 안 좋다. my innards(stomach or belly) dosen’t feel good
서랍 속
the inside of a drawer

480
Q

Osid

안 and 속 difference

A

(ig) 속 is more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place will be filled with stuff and is not “empty”. Conversely, “안” would be more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place is basically empty.

EX: if you enter water or if you enter your body. In both cases, “속” would be used to refer to the inside of a body, or the inside of water where if you enter your body, it is filled with stuff, and if you enter the water, it is still all water.

The opposite ex is of 안 is if you are talking about a room, or a building. You can go into those places and it is relatively empty.

저의 친구는 은행 안에 있어요 = My friend is in the bank
개는 집 안에 있어요 = The dog is in the house

481
Q

grav(2 based on the meanings), preply

(give me 2 and relationship between two and what goes along with it)
What are placed after an indication of time like year, they have the meaning of “within/inside” that time period.

A

(grav(2 based on the meanings)) 안/이내for 안 always have 에 attached(means and used the same in this context) What can they mean(2 super similar) in that connotation and connotation of usage.

나는 5년 이내에 외국어 다섯 개를 배우고 싶어 = I want to learn five languages within 5 years
나는 5년 안에 외국어 다섯 개를 배우고 싶어 = I want to learn five languages within 5 years
우리는 1년 이내 결혼할 거예요 = We will get married within one year
우리는 1년 안에 결혼할 거예요 = We will get married within one year

482
Q

HTSK, grav, repeated

안(It doesn’t mean not)
when using attach 에. Giving me meaning and connotation of meaning.

집 안에 = inside a house
방 안에 = inside a room
저의 친구는 은행 안에 있어요 = My friend is in the bank
개는 집 안에 있어요 = The dog is in the house
우리는 한 시간 안에 그 일을 끝내야 돼요 = We need to finish that job/task within one hour

A

Inside, in(not 에)

can also be used to indicate that some action is completed “within” or “inside” a time period(placed after an indication of time like year, they have the meaning of “within/inside” that time period.)

This would be more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place is basically empty since 속 is more commonly used when, if you enter something, the place will be filled with stuff and is not “empty”.

483
Q

Inside the water(one word, use a grammar word)

A

물속

484
Q

inside a stomach/belly (one word, use a grammar word)

A

뱃속(give me 2 very similar)

485
Q

in one’s dream (one word, use a grammar word and a very common obvious grammar suffix)

A

꿈속에

486
Q

(has 요 in it, one word) It’s okay, It’s done, forget it

A

됐어(give me 3)

487
Q

OSID

With an ending that starts with vowel like the first syllable is a vowel, you need to do what in terms of like conjugate usually?

A

(ig)With an ending that starts with vowel, you need to conjugate
irregular verb usually.

어렵다 to be difficult
어려워요/어려웠어요/어려울 거예요/어렵습니다.

488
Q

Neighbor(1st primary and abbreviatied, more colloquial version)

A

이웃사람/이웃(abbreviated, more colloquial)

옆에 사는 이웃사람이 너무 시끄러워요 = The neighbor who lives next to me is too loud
저는 이웃사람들과 관계를 완전히 끊었어요 = I completely cut off any relationship with neighbors
이웃사람의 애기를 아르바이트로 돌봐요 = I look after my neighbor’s baby as a part-time job

Try to be beneficent to your neighbours.
이웃에게 덕이 되는 사람이 되어라.
My downstairs neighbors complain every day about the noise between apartments.
우리 아래층 이웃은 매일 층간소음에 관해 불평한다.

489
Q

To set(nothing to deal with volleyball, used the same as English)

A

정하다

날짜를 정하다 = to set a date
장소를 정하다 = to set a location

우리가 이것을 언제 정했는지 모르겠어요 = I don’t know when we set it
우리는 결혼식 날짜를 아직 안 정했어요 = We still haven’t set a date for the wedding
아일랜드에 오기 전에 중국에 간 적이 있었는데, 그때는 모든 일정이 정해져 있는 패키지 여행이었다 = I had been to China before coming to Ireland, but at that time, it was a travel package tour where the schedule was set

490
Q

To set a price(no trick)

A

가격을 정하다

491
Q

to set a location(NT)

A

장소를 정하다

492
Q

nowhere

A

아무 데도

493
Q

는 데 meaning and connotation of usage and difference with 는데 is that this one has space and the other without space means but/even though. The space signifies that 데 is a noun and the clause before “는” is describing the noun.

A

This dependent noun can be placed as the noun in the ~는 것 principle to mean “place/place that or place where due to adj form before it,” which you can often to see in What construction? What is the difference with this construction to the one that looks similar with or without space.

성인이 없는 데로 가자 = Let’s go to a place where there is no adults
우리가 장인이 계시는 데에 갔어요 = We went to the place where my father-in-law is
돈이 없어서 갈 수 있는 데가 없었어요 = He had nowhere to go because he had no money

494
Q

Very obvious, just to remind similarity of English and Korean. If the first clause occurred in the past for 는데, what should you with the verb in the first clause(no trick)

A

(ig) If the first clause occurred in the past, you can conjugate the first clause into the past tense

가게에 갔는데 버섯은 없었어요
= I went to the store, but there wasn’t any mushrooms
일찍 일어났는데 아직 안 피곤해요
= I woke up early, but I’m not tired yet (even though I woke up early, I’m not tired)
그림자를 봤는데 누구인지도 몰랐어요
= I saw the shadow, but I didn’t know who it was

495
Q

htsk, grav, repeated

But verb ending conjugation

A meaning that is slightly less strong than “even though,” and/or often times setting up the situation for an upcoming clause, which is the second part to have this definition, depending on the situation, it might not have that feeling at all.

The meaning is very variable, so overall hard to translate, can mean …until(in sense like I have a question…until when do we have to finish this work?), ;(in the sense of I have to go now; can you give that to me tomorrow?), and etc.

it is often used in sentences to connects two thoughts or ideas. Instead of separating them into two sentences you can use “~는데” to join them together.(Think English)

A

verb stem+는데, meanings(2) and connotation of meaning and connotation of usage on seperate ideas or throughts, think english)

Also what should you know about translation look at anwser and ex. and describe the other translation than the main two.

저는 아들 한 명밖에 없는데 손자 세 명이 있어요
I only have one son, but I have three grandsons
제가 고기를 안 좋아하는데 먹어볼 거예요 = Even though I don’t like meat, I will try some
The second part of the definition of 는데 provided above – “often times setting up the situation for the upcoming clause”

저는 참석을 못 하는데 저 대신에 저의 부인이 갈 거예요
= I can’t attend, but instead of me, my wife will go

제가 지금 가야 되는데 혹시 그것을 내일 저한테 줄 수 있어요?
= I have to go now; can you give that to me tomorrow?
우리는 이 일을 원래 해야 되는데 너무 복잡해서 하기 싫어요
= Even though we are/were supposed to do this (work), I don’t want to do it because it is too complicated
어린이들을 많이 칭찬해 줘야 되는데 안 해 주면 성인이 돼서 문제가 생길 수 있어요
= You need to praise children a lot, and if you don’t, when they become an adult, there could be problems

496
Q

A dependent noun, that needs to have adjective wheter descriptive or action, meaning

A

곳, type of word, meaning and connotation of usage.

497
Q

One sided

곳 vs 데 difference and commanality

A

데 and 곳 both refer to location
데 is more general / 곳 is more specific spot
내가 사는 곳은 날씨가 좋아요.
내가 사는 데는 날씨가 좋아요.
The weather is good where I live.
Even though, 곳 is a spot and 데 is an area, in this context,
there is no difference, interchangeable
1st difference
머리가 아픈 데에 먹는 약 있어요?(O)
머리가 아픈 곳에 먹는 약 있어요?(X)
Is there a medicine that I (/to) take to where my head hurts
Is there a medicine to take in case I have a headache
데 can mean circumstance, case while 곳 can’t
2nd difference
이 곳은 내가 사는 도시입니다. (O)
이 데는 내가 사는 도시입니다. (X)
This place is the city that I live in.
This/that/that over there should be used with 곳(a spot) but
can’t be used with 데(an area) since It should be specific.
오늘은 저 곳에서 잠(을) 자자 (O)
오늘은 저 데에서 잠(을) 자자 (X)
Let’s sleep today in that place over there

498
Q

Let’s sleep today in that place over there(uses dependent noun that means place, have a nuance feeling of contrasting)
Tell me the right way and the wrong way?

A

What does this mean?
오늘은 저 곳에서 잠(을) 자자 (O)
오늘은 저 데에서 잠(을) 자자 (X)

If it was like place that, place where, or just place wouldn’t use 에/에서
This/that/that over there should be used with 곳(a spot) but
can’t be used with 데(an area) since It should be specific.

499
Q

Is there a medicine that I (/to) take to where my head hurts
Or: Is there a medicine to take in case I have a headache
(uses dependent noun that means place)Tell me the right way and the wrong way?

A

What does it mean
머리가 아픈 데에 먹는 약 있어요?(O)
머리가 아픈 곳에 먹는 약 있어요?(X)

Even though, most of the time there’s no difference, interchangeable.
Even though, 곳 is a spot and 데 is an area, in this context,