3.8a tensions as a result of globalisation

Question 1

trans-border water conflicts

Answer 1

between 1950 and 2000, 75% of all international disputes have been regarding quality or quantity of water available

there is rising demand for water in Nile basin, which is the world’s longest river, flowing through 10 countries

• Ethiopia and Kenya - HEP plants and industrial development
• Egypt’s population forecasted to double to 150 million by 2050
• 85% of the Nile’s water originates in Eritrea and Ethiopia but 94% is used by Sudan and Egypt

the Mekong river:
construction of the Xayaburi dam began in 2010 despite the lack of agreement between all four lower Mekong countries –> 90% of the population in Laos depends on the Mekong for agriculture
Laos wants to generate electricity from the river and sell it to Thailand
Thai villagers protested in April 2012 and downstream Cambodia depends on the river for annual flooding of its rice-growing crops

Question 2

EU

Answer 2

extreme political parties are becoming increasingly popular
nationalist parties often oppose immigration, some reject multiculturalism

• Golden Dawn in Greece
• The Northern League in Italy
• National Front in France (around 25% of voters supported this party in the 2014 European Parliamentary Elections

racially-aggravated assaults still occur in the UK
e.g. the murder of Stephen Lawrence in 1993

Question 3

what are the causes of growing diversity in London?

Answer 3

OPEN BORDER

• EU citizens are free to move around the EU (post-accession migration - in 2004, 8 Eastern European countries joined the EU incl Poland and Slovakia)
• in 2015 there were 250,000 French people living in London

FREEDOM TO INVEST

• individuals can invest without barriers in the UK
• deregulation of the City of London in 1986

FDI

• in 2015, the UK attracted over 30,000 jobs from overseas owned companies investing in software and financial services
• the UK is the leading recipient of FDI from Italy, Ireland, France, Japan, Australia, Canada & India

Question 4

examples of diasporas

Answer 4

Jamaican diasporas are living in the USA, UK, Canada etc.

Polish diaspora in Balham, London