3.5c costs and benefits of migration Flashcards
1
Q
benefits for the host country
A
ECONOMIC
- migrants tend to take the less desirable jobs
- skilled migrants raise the GDP per capita
- firms can pay migrants less for the same output
- migrants contribute to the economy as consumers
- more taxpaying workers so gov’s tax revenue increases
SOCIAL
- a better understanding of other cultures
POLITICAL
- more ethnic diversity in political parties
2
Q
costs for the host country
A
ECONOMIC
- a lot of money earned is repatriated to the country of origin
- overdependence of some industries on migrant labour such as construction
SOCIAL
- pressure on services
POLITICAL
- there can be discrimination against ethnic groups and minorities such as the rise of UKIP in the UK and the National Front in France
ENVIRONMENTAL
- more demand for housing and loss of green space –> possible overcrowding
3
Q
benefits for the source country
A
ECONOMIC
- returning migrants bring new skills which can revitalise the economy
- remittances (2010, Philippines –> remittances accounted for 8.9% of GDP)
SOCIAL
- less pressure on resources, basic supplies and services
- unemployment is reduced
4
Q
costs for the source country
A
ECONOMIC
- loss of young adult labour force which may lead to slow economic growth
- loss of labour may reduce inward investment by private companies
SOCIAL
- families are broken up as young males tend to migrate
- marriage rates fall
- Santa Ines in Mexico has lost 2/3rds of its inhabitants to the US
