3.8 Digestive System Flashcards
Function of the digestive system?
Converting food into energy To fuel the body.
Six basic categories of nutrients required by the human body?
Proteins, carbohydrates, fats, water, minerals, and vitamins.
Alimentary canal
The digestive tract, the pathway that food takes through the digestive system
Length of the alimentary canal?
Approximately 30 feet long
Parts of the alimentary canal?
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. Liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are accessory organs of the digestive system.
Mouth
The first step in the digestive process where food is softened by secreted saliva while teeth mechanically grind food into smaller pieces
Esophagus
A somewhat flexible, muscular tube that produces peristaltic contractions, which move food into the stomach
Stomach
In a long gated and muscular J shaped pouch that serves as a reservoir for food as gastric gland secretions convert the food into a semi liquid material called chyme
Small intestine
The organ in the digestive system where the greatest amount of digestion and absorption of nutrients into the body cells occurs
Large intestine/colon
The digestive organ dehydrates digestive residues/feces
Anus
The lower opening of the alimentary canal where excretion of feces occurs
Appendectomy
Removal of the appendix
Parotidectomy
Removal of a salivary gland/parotid because of tumor formation
Gastrectomy
Removal of the stomach. Other procedures include removal of portions of the stomach i.e. hemi gastrectomy or gastric sleeve
Gastric bypass
Isolating a small portion of the stomach and suturing part of the small intestine to it to treat morbid obesity. Food intake is the limited to the small part of the stomach
