3.7 Mitosis

Question 1

What is produced by mitosis?

Answer 1

2 genetically identical daughter cells that have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and as each other.

Question 2

What are the 5 main stages of mitosis?

Answer 2

• Interphase
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase and Cytokinesis

Question 3

What happens during Interphase?

Answer 3

Replication of DNA, cell is actively synthesising proteins
The 2 copies of DNA remain joined at a place called the centromere

Question 4

What happens during Prophase?

Answer 4

Chromosomes become visible and nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear.
Spindle fibres develop.

Question 5

What are spindle fibres collectively called?

Answer 5

Spindle apparatus

Question 6

What happens during Metaphase?

Answer 6

Chromosomes line up at the middle of the cell
MIDDLE=METAPHASE

Question 7

What happens during Anaphase?

Answer 7

Spindle fibres attached to the chromatids contract, pulling them towards the poles of the cell.

Question 8

What happens during Telophase

Answer 8

Nuclear membrane and nucleolus reform around the cells and spindles disintegrate.

Question 9

What happens during cytokinesis?

Answer 9

The cytoplasm divides into 2. Splitting of the cell.

Question 10

What is cell division in prokaryotic cells called?

Answer 10

Binary fission

Question 11

How does binary fission work?

Answer 11

• circular DNA molecule and plasmids replicate
• cell membrane begins to grow and a new cell wall is formed dividing the original cell into 2 genetically identical daughter cells.

Question 12

How do viral cells replicate?

Answer 12

• the attach their attachment proteins onto a host cell and inject their nuclei acid
• the metabolic processes of the host cell produce the viral components and a new viral cell is produced