2.3 Energy and ATP Flashcards
1
Q
What is the structure of ATP?
A
- Adenine
- Ribose
- Phosphates
2
Q
How does ATP store energy?
A
The bonds between the phosphate groups are unstable and so have a low activation energy, which means they are easily broken.
3
Q
When ATP is converted into ADP, what enzyme catalyses the reaction?
A
ATP hydrolase
4
Q
When ADP is re-formed into ATP, what enzyme catalyses the reaction?
A
ATP synthase
5
Q
The synthesis of ATP to ADP can happen in three ways, what are they?
A
1) chlorophyll-containing plants through photosynthesis
2) plant and animal cells during respiration
3) in plant and animals when phosphate groups are transferred from donor molecules to ADP
6
Q
Why is ATP useful in biological processes?
A
- releases energy in small amounts
- broken down in a single step
- reformed again easily through respiration
7
Q
Roles of ATP.
A
- each ATP molecule stores less energy than glucose and is released in smaller steps which are more manageable
- hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is a single reaction, -so it is an immediate energy source
8
Q
What energy-requiring processes is ATP useful for?
A
- metabolic processes
- movement
- active transport
- secretion
- activation of molecules
