37 - heat emergencies

Question 1

4 methods of heat transfer

Answer 1

1. conduction
   - direct contact
2. convection
   - heat loss to air via circuation
3. radiation
   - via electromagnetic waves
4. evaporation
   - conversion of sweat to gas

Question 2

4 populations at risk

Answer 2

1. athletes and military
2. elderly
3. those at risk for dehydration
   - babies, diuretics
4. med that interfere with hypothal
   - antichol.
   - phenothaizines
   - MAO, TCAs

Question 3

3 levels of heat issues

Answer 3

1. minor
2. heat exhaustion
3. heat stroke

Question 4

types of minor (4)

Answer 4

1. heat cramps
   - intermittentn cramps usually after exercise
   - give oral salt solution
2. heat edema
   - minimal edema after
   - elevation and stockings
3. heat syncope
   - esp in elderly
   - self limiting when horizontal
4. prickly heat
   - due to blocked sweat glands

Question 5

def. heat exhasution

Answer 5

• malaise, fatugue, HA, thirst, weakness
• normal core or less than 40
• rapid revovery after saline fluid, either PO or IV

Question 6

def. heat stroke

Answer 6

medical emergency
- weakness, dizzy, N/V, anorexia, HA
can have signs of CNS dysfunction
- core >41

Question 7

Tx of stroke

Answer 7

1. ABCs
2. cooling - fans, ice, internal
3. 1L NS/hr
4. monitor output

Question 8

what is not useful

Answer 8

ASA tylenol

Question 9

2 forms of heat stroke

Answer 9

1. classic
   - elderly, ill, seedntary, no sweat, no rhabodo see P180
2. exertional
   - men, healthy, exercise, sweat, lactic acidosis