3.7 Esters

Question 1

How are esters formed?

Answer 1

Esters are formed through condensation reactions of carboxylic acids and alcohols.

Question 2

How is an ester named?

Answer 2

1st - the alcohol is named with -yl

2nd - oic acid is named no. of carbons with -oate

Question 3

Name the reaction that produces esters, any other products and conditions

Answer 3

Condensation reactions - produce water
Condensation reactions are slow at RT.
Heat is added as a reflux
Catalyst (sulfuric acid) to speed up reaction

Question 4

How is an ester named?

Answer 4

1st - the alcohol is named with -yl

2nd - oic acid

Question 5

Name the reaction that produces esters and any other products

Answer 5

Condensation reactions - produce water

Question 6

Define reflux

Answer 6

Reflux is the sequential evaporation and condensation of volatile liquids to prevent escape from the reaction mixture.

Question 7

Define hydrolysis

Answer 7

Breaking of bond in the presence of water or NaOH

2 hydrogen atoms will be added and one oxygen

Question 8

Describe hydrolysis of esters in acidic conditions

Answer 8

Alcohol and carboxylic acid will form as normal

Faster rate

Question 9

Describe hydrolysis of ester in neutral conditions

Answer 9

Carboxylic acid and alcohol are formed