36 Nutrition

Question 1

Comfort measures for NPO

Answer 1

• encourage/provide good oral hygiene
• provide ice chips or sips of water as allowed
• urge patients to avoid watching others eat

Question 2

BMI

Answer 2

body mass index
ratio of weight to height
kg/m2

Question 3

BMR

Answer 3

basal metabolic rate

Question 4

interventions for patient w dysphagia

Answer 4

• 30 min rest before meal
• sit upright to 90
• speech therapy
• correct consistency (thin, nectar-thick, honey-like, spoon-thick)
• alternate solid w liquid
• assess for aspiration
• avoid/minimize sedative/hypnotics

Question 5

essential nutrients

Answer 5

-theyre not synthesized by other body or are made in insufficient amounts

Question 6

MACROnutrients

Answer 6

supply energy + build tissue

-carb, fat, protein

Question 7

micronutrients

Answer 7

required in much smaller amounts
-to regulate + control body process

-vitamins + minerals

Question 8

3 nutrients to regulate body process

Answer 8

1 water
2 vitamin
3 mineral

Question 9

3 nutrients that supply energy

Answer 9

1 carb
2 protein
3 fat

Question 10

basal metabolism

Answer 10

energy required to carry on INVOLUNTARY activities of the body at rest
-maintain body temp, muscle tone, produce/secrete, propel food thru GI, inflate/contract lungs, contract heart muscles

Question 11

factors that increase BMR

Answer 11

• gender (men)
• growth
• fever/extreme temp
• emotional tension
• elevated hormones (epinephrine + thyroid hormones)

Question 12

factors that decrease BMR

Answer 12

• aging
• prolonged fasting
• sleep

Question 13

BMI - underweight

Answer 13

less than 18.5

Question 14

BMI - normal weight

Answer 14

18.5-24.9

Question 15

BMI - overweight

Answer 15

25-29.9

Question 16

BMI - obesity Class I

Answer 16

30-34.9

Question 17

BMI - obesity Class II

Answer 17

35-39.9

Question 18

BMI - xxxtreme obesity

Answer 18

40+

Question 19

only animal source of carbohydrate is….

Answer 19

lactose

Question 20

carb is more ______ than protein + fat

Answer 20

easily and quickly digested

–they are then converted to glucose for transport thru the blood

Question 21

dysphagia is associated w an increased risk for…

Answer 21

aspiration

Question 22

patients w increased nutritional requirements + those who will be NPO for more than 2 days may require…

Answer 22

enteral nutrition (administer food directly to stomach)
0r parenteral nutrition (nutrition via IV)

Question 23

BMI formula from lbs and feet

Answer 23

lbs/(inchesxinches) x 703