3.4 - Why Worry About The Environment When You Can Get Rich? Flashcards
Rostows Modernisation Theory
All countries are able to develop in the same way, there’s only one capitalist path to development
Frank’s Dependancy Model
Countries can’t devleop, rich countries will get richer, poor countries will get poorer. Core countries e.g. EU and USA will manipulate the world trade and take advantage of developing nations (periphery)
Steps In Rostow’s Modernisation Theory
Traditional Society - Limited tech
Pre-Conditions To Take Off - Commerical agriculture exploitation
Take-Off - Development of maufacturing section
Drive To Maturity - Development of wider industry and commercial base
High Mass Consumption - Exploitation of international trade
Niger & NIger Delta
Exporting raw materials
Oil production but 75% of eranings reported from Nile Delta
Densly populated and ethnically diverse
Nigerian army patterend indigenous protestors and are protecting infrastructure
Militant groups have become biggest threat
Shell In Niger Delta
Oil pipelines running throguh Niger but locals don’t benefit, they blame community leaders for environmental damage and pay off miltary to transport oil
This has led to the development of illegal oil refineries.
What Are The Implication On Human Rights
Right to food, health, clothing and housing
Rights to public hearings
Right to be free
Right to be treated fairly by the law
Right to net responsible to the community
Impacts Of Oil Exploration
Nigerian Petroleum Coorporation receive 60% of revenue from government ventures with TNCs
20% of production is stolen or damaged
Ogoni people protested to get SDP, off their lands but they come back with a settlement of $3300 each
SDPc contributed 14.8m in scholarships, education programmes and healthcare across the delta
Environmental Comunity Impacts
Oil has spilled into mangrove swamps
Fish been driven away
Massive oil spills and equipmnent left behind
The Delta is mainly ethnic minority and the Ps go to the Yuruba who also want to keep the minority powerless
Roads remain poor quality and schools and healthcare are underfunded
Pressure?
Militant group have formed pressurising the government and oil companies for compensation
Strong need to stop environmental pollution
Outbreaks of violent protests and kidnapping of foreign oil companies, workers and incidents of oil bunkering on the rise.
The Future?
Corruption and weak regulation is common, 20% stolen, 20bn lost
Ogani peaceful protest
8 tribal leaders executed for murder
Compensation with Ogoni people, regarding direct money and infrastructure investment
Will take 25-30 years to clear up
