3.4 Names & Formulas of Acids Flashcards
Define Acids
Substances formed when nonmetal ions combine w/ hydrogen
State the process for naming acids w/ simple anions
Prefix hydro on first part, then the name of the simple anion in shortened form and ending -ic, and last part is “acid”
Define organic acid
Acid w/ carbon and hydrogen in its formula
What is one important exception to naming acids?
For organic acids, the H comesa t the end of the formula, not beginning. All organic acids end in -COOH.
How do bases and organic acids differ in their endings?
Base: -OH
Organic acid: -COOH
State the process for nnaming Binary Acids
Begin w/ prefix “hydro”, then nonmetal w/ ending “-ic acid”
State the process for naming acids w/ polyatomic ions
First part is shortened anion. Suffix -ic if anion ends in -ate. -ous if anion ends in -ite. Last part is acid.
What subscript r bases often written w/?
(aq)
The chemical formula of a base usually ends w/
hydroxide (-OH)
Define Salts
Ionic compounds formed when acids and abses react
Any ionic compound that is not an acid or base
Identifying the type of compound is based on what?
the difference in electronegativity b/w the bonded atoms.
>1.7 = ionic
<1.7 = covalent
Ionic compounds begin w/ a…
metal or polyatomic ion.
Covalent (Molecular) compounds dont contain…. Rarely have…
Metal or recognizable ions
Brackets
Are inorganic acids considered ionic compounds?
yes
Are organic acids considered ionic compounds?
No; covalent compounds w/ some ionic character (behave like ionic compounds in water as they partially dissolve into ions)
