3.4 Cardiovascular: Diuretics

Question 1

Acts on PCT; treatment of glaucoma and motion sickness

NAGMA; Hepatic encephalopathy

Answer 1

Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)

Question 2

Acts on TAL; treatment of pulmonary edema; most efficacious diuretic

Ototoxicity; hypokalemia; hypocalcemia

Answer 2

Furosemide; ethacrynic acid (loop diuretics)

Question 3

Acts in DCT

Hyperglycemia; hyperlipidemia; hypercalcemia

Answer 3

Thiazides

Question 4

Acts in CCD

Gynecomastia; hyperkalemia

Answer 4

Spirolonactone

Question 5

Acts on PCT, DCT, CCD

Treatment of rhabdomyolysis and increased ICP
CI: heart failure

Answer 5

Mannitol

Question 6

HAGMA

Answer 6

MUDPILES

Methanol, uremia, DKA, paraldehyde, isoniazid, lactic acid, ethanol, salicylates

Question 7

NAGMA

Answer 7

HARD-UP

Hyperalimentation, acetazolamide, RTA, diarrhea, ureteral diversion, pancreatic fistula

Question 8

Adverse effects of loop diuretics

Answer 8

OH DANG

Ototoxicity, hypokalemia, dehydration, allergy to sulfa, nephritis, gout

Question 9

Adverse effects of thiazide diuretics

Answer 9

Hyper GLUC

Glycemia, lipidemia, uricemia, calcemia

Question 10

Which drugs can cause gynecomastia?

Answer 10

Some Drugs Create Awesome Knockers

Spironolactone, digoxin, cimetidine, alcohol, ketoconazole