3.4 Animal Welfare

Question 1

Define ‘Animal Welfare’

Answer 1

Animal Welfare is the physical and mental welfare of animals

Question 2

What are the five freedoms?

Answer 2

Five freedoms 
<ul>
<li>Freedom from hunger and thirst</li>
<li>Freedom from discomfort</li>
<li>Freedom from injury and disease</li>
<li>Freedom from distress</li>
<li>Freedom to express normal behaviours</li>
</ul>

Question 3

Why is intensive farming required?

Answer 3

Its required to meet food demands from the ever growing population

Question 4

What are the costs of animal welfare?

Answer 4

Costs - financial investment to improve living conditions

Question 5

What are the benefits of providing animal welfare?

Answer 5

Benefits - less stressed animals meaning greater productivity rates and greater reproduction rate
Animals grow better
Animals produce higher quality and quantity end product

Question 6

What are the indicators of a low level of animal welfare?

Answer 6

<ol>
<li> Stereotypy - repeated behaviours</li>
<li> Misdirected Behaviour - normal behaviour directed against themselves </li>
<li> Failure of Sexual/Parental Behaviour </li>
<li> Altered levels of activity - excessive levels </li>
</ol>

Question 7

Give an example of stereotypy

Answer 7

Pacing up and down a cage

Question 8

Give an example of misdirected behaviour

Answer 8

Excessive plucking

Question 9

Give an example of failure of sexual/parental behaviour

Answer 9

Rejection of offspring

Question 10

Give an example of altered levels of activity

Answer 10

Hyper-aggression

Excessive sleeping

Question 11

What is an ethogram and what is it used for?

Answer 11

An ethogram is a list of all the different observed behaviours shown by an animal
Used to provide evidence of animal’s response to environment

Question 12

What are the three measurements of behaviour?

Answer 12

Frequency - how often behaviour is displayed
Duration - length of time where behaviour is displayed
Latency - time between application of stimulus and behaviour

Question 13

What is a preference test?

Answer 13

A preference test is an experiment set up to show which one of two environmental conditions an animal will choose

Question 14

Define <em> ‘motivation’ </em>

Answer 14

Motivation is in the incentive to carry out a specific behaviour

Question 15

Describe the ethical issues surrounding battery reared chickens

Answer 15

Battery reared chickens

• small A4 size cages which restrict chicken movement and collect eggs
• Cheaper to rear animals
• Is it justifiable for these animals to suffer so we have a cheap and constant supply of eggs?

Question 16

What are the two types of ethogram?

Answer 16

Focal and Scan

Question 17

What are the differences between focal and scan sampling?

Answer 17

Focal - Continuous behaviours recorded for ONE individual

Scan - Each individual in a GROUP has their behaviour recorded at regular intervals

Question 18

What is anthropomorphism?

Answer 18

Attributing human behaviours to animals

Question 19

What can a farmer do to ensure that they are enhancing living conditions?

Answer 19

Do a preference test to ensure that the animal is motivated to move to the side closest to new habitat

Question 20

What are animals basic sets of needs?

Answer 20

Adequate

• food
• water
• sleep
• freedom from pain/discomfort

Question 21

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Answer 21

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