3.3E Flashcards
What occurred in the 1990 Rio Earth Summit for the future of Biodiversity?
The aim to conserve biodiversity using the sustainable components. To achieve a balance between growth/ consumption and protection/conservation, with sustainable development, seen as the middle way in the conservation spectrum.
Where are most hotspots found?
In tropical areas
What is the conundrum about saving specific animals?
Photogenic animals such as elephants and pandas may be conserved a lot more securely due to their economic benefits compared to less known animals.
What is the Value for Money methodology to conserve biodiversity?
LDCs have much lower conservation costs, so ‘you get a bigger result for your money’. Unfortunately, schemes in LDCs are harder to develop and manage, and as much of the funding comes from MEDCs, many donors
prefer to support local schemes.
What is Global orchestration from the Millennium assessment?
A globally connected society focuses on global trade (free
trade) and economic liberalisation.
• Reactive approach to ecosystem problems.
• Takes strong steps to reduce poverty/inequality.
• Investment in public goods such as infrastructure and
education.
• Highest economic growth and lowest population
growth of all scenarios
How can Inappropriate instructional/government arrangements including corruption and weak
systems of regulation be rectified?
Ensure management frameworks, e.g. from World Bank, include due regard to the importance of ecosystems.
What is ‘order from strength’ methodology?
Rationalised and fragmented world concerned with
security and protection.
• Emphasises primarily regional markets (e.g. EU).
• Pays little attention to public goods.
• Reactive approach to ecosystem problems.
• Lowest economic growth rates (especially LDCs)
while population growth highest of all scenarios.
What is ‘Adapting mosaic’ methodology?
Regional watershed scale ecosystems, e.g. Mekong, are the focus of political/economic activity.
• Local institutions are strengthened leading to local ecosystem management strategies.
• Socially develops strongly proactive approach to
ecosystem management.
• Economic growth gradually increases – population growth second highest especially in LDCs.
What is Techno Garden methodology?
Globally connected world relying strongly on
environmentally sound technology (green).
• Highly managed, highly engineered ecosystems deliver efficient services.
• Proactive approach to ecosystem management
to avoid problems e.g. in agriculture.
• Economic growth is high as innovation spreads to
LDCs.
• Population growth mid range.
