3.2.4.1 - Concepts of physical activity and sport Flashcards
(complete)
1
Q
What is the sport development continuum?
A
- A continuum is a hierarchy of progress
- Different forms of physical activity can be viewed on the sporting development continuum
- The sports development continuum has four levels: foundation, participation, performance and elite
2
Q
What are foundation level characteristics? (on the sport development continuum)
A
- developing basic skills e.g. agility, balance etc
- starts at an early age during school
- influenced by teachers and family
- may try many different activities
3
Q
Participation level characteristics? (on the sport development continuum)
A
- participating for fun and enjoyment
- basic level of competence
- individual sports and team games become more important at a basic level of competition
- usually starts with secondary PE games lessons and during extra-curricular time
- encouraged to play for school team
- encouraged to join a sports club to improve their basic skills, have fun and socialise
4
Q
Performance level characteristics? (on the sport development continuum)
A
- This is the level for a small group of people from the participation level who have a desire and the ability to perform at a higher level
- Individuals are motivated to improve performance by training and playing structured and competitive games
- Involves commitment of the individual to play and improve performance at club, county and semi-professional levels where winning becomes more important
5
Q
Elite level characteristics? (on the sport development continuum)
A
- This group emerges when an even smaller group from the performance group has been picked who potentially have talent ability
- Represent international elite level
6
Q
Physical recreation characteristics?
A
- part of the participation level of the sport development continuum
- physical recreation is completed in leisure time which is spent active
- voluntary
- choose activity they take part in
- emphasis on participation and taking part
- fun/enjoyable
- non serious and informal in nature
- physically energetic, effort is applied but at their own pace
- flexible in nature
- self-officiated
- available to all
- rules can be modified
- mainly intrinsic rewards
- standard of play is not important
- no training needed
- casual dress
7
Q
Physical recreation examples?
A
Jogging
Riding
Kick about
8
Q
Benefits of physical recreation for an individual?
A
- increases health and fitness
- development of physical skills
- can provide challenge to overcome
- can lead to sense of achievement
- stress relief
- help people relax
- fun and enjoyment
- emphasis is on taking part at your own level and pace rather than trying to beat others
- helps to ensure participation in PA for as many years as possible
9
Q
Benefits of physical recreation for a society?
A
- increased health and fitness helps to reduce the strain on NHS and lowers obesity rates
- social integration and community cohesion
- increase employment and economic benefits
- social control (more positive use of free time)
- if increased skill levels at participation stage, can lead to more people reaching to the performance/elite level
10
Q
Sport characteristics?
A
- viewed as serious
- competitive
- highly structured with set complex rules
- specialist equipment
- officials to enforce the rules, they are trained by NGBs
- outwitting opponents with tactics/strategies
- intrinsic and extrinsic rewards for success
- high skill level
- high commitment and effort levels
- winning is important
- mental toughness
- coaches employed
- emotional highs and lows
- institutionalised, organised with NGBs, clubs, officials and coached showing structure
- can involve amateurs + professionals
- part of participation and performance level of SDC
11
Q
Revision tip for sport characteristics?
A
S → serious/competitive: win at all costs attitude or sportsmanship
P → progress: high skill levels, particularly by professionals
O → organised: sport has rules and regulations
R → rewards: available for winning and intrinsic satisfaction
T → time and space: restrictions apply
12
Q
Benefits of sport for an individual?
A
- improve health and fitness
- improve physical skill levels
- increase self confidence
- improvement in skill and success can lead to a feel good factor
- increased social opportunities
- develop positive sporting morals and attitudes
13
Q
Benefits of sport for a society?
A
- regular participation decreases strain on the NHS and reduces levels of obesity as health and fitness improve
- social control - reduces crime
- increased social integration and equality of opportunity can increase participation in sport by including social-economic and ethnic groups
- economic benefits: people pay to participate and spend money on new equipment, fashionable kit etc
- employment opportunities created
- increased national pride as a result of standards of performances
14
Q
What are the basic requirements needed to take part in sport or physical recreation?
A
- Time - free time or leisure
- Money (disposable income)
- Transport or mobility to get to a facility
- Access to a sport or recreation facility
- Access to a space to play
- Resources
- Fitness at a basic level
- Some activities require good health
- Ability and a certain skill level
- Knowledge of the game/sport
- Enthusiasm for the sport
15
Q
Physical education characteristics?
A
- it is compulsory
- it involves formally taught lessons
- it has four key stages as part of the National Curriculum from ages 5-16
- it begins at primary school ‘foundation level’
- tends to lead to participation level in secondary schools
- teachers are in charge and deliver lessons
- lessons are pre planned, it is highly structured
- it is in school time
- provides examinations at KS4 like GCE PE or BTEC sport level 2 and KS5
