3.2 Transport in Animals

Question 1

What substances are transported through systems?

Answer 1

Hormones
Enzymes
Waste Products
Food byproducts
Oxygen/CO2

Question 2

What effects transport needs?

Answer 2

Metabolic demand (higher demand=more likely to need a system)
SA:V ratio (smaller sa:v=less can be diffused)
Hormones and enzymes being made in different places

Question 3

What do all transport systems have?

Answer 3

Liquid transport medium- e.g blood
Vessels to carry the blood- veins
A pumping mechanism to move fluid around

Question 4

What is an open circulatory system?

Answer 4

A system with no vessels so fluid is pumped straight from the heart to the body cavity.

Question 5

What are the features of an open circulatory system?

Answer 5

• Under lower pressure
• Direct contact with tissues and cells
• Blood returns to heart via open ended vessel
• Mostly in invertebrates
• Blood flow can’t be changed

Question 6

What is a closed circulatory system?

Answer 6

• Blood is enclosed in blood vessels so there is no direct contact with cells

Question 7

What are the features of a closed circulatory system?

Answer 7

• Heart pumps blood under high pressure
• Substances enter and leave blood via diffusion
• Amount of blood flow can be changed
• Most contain pigment to carry gasses

Question 8

What is a single circulatory system?

Answer 8

A system that blood passes through a single circuit
Through the heart,to the gills then through the body to the heart

Question 9

What is a double circulatory system?

Answer 9

• Two separate circuits
• Blood passes through heart twice
• Second circuit is between heart and lungs (pulmonary circulation)