3.2 Cell Types Flashcards
What are prokaryotes?
Simple, ancient forms of life which lack a nucleus
What is Bacteria?
Prokaryotes with no membrane bound nuclei or organelles
What are cell walls?
Structures within most bacteria cells that surround a cell membrane and protects the cell
What is flagella?
Tail-like appendages that enable cells to move
What is domain Archae?
Cells that are similar to bacteria in which they lack a nucleus and organelles, but build their cells out of biochemicals differently.
What English physicist first observed the outlines of cells when he looked at cork from an oak tree?
Robert Hooke
What is cytosol?
The jelly-like inside of a cell which suspends all organelles and particles
What is the outermost layer of a cell between these two anatomic structures; cell membrane or cell wall?
The cell wall contains the cell membrane and the rest of the cell.
What is flagellum?
A microscopic hair-like organelle essential for cell movement.
What is a nuceloid?
Irregular shaped region inside a prokaryote that contains most genetic information and lacks a nuclear membrane.
What four things are present in a bacterial cell?
Ribosome, DNA, enzymes, and cytoplasm.
What is the difference between Bacteria and Archae?
Flagella composition, evolutionary relationship to eukaryotes, molecules which compose the cell membrane.
What are Eukaryotes?
Large, complex cells with a nucleus and membrane.
What are organelles?
Compartments of an eukaryotic cell that perform specialized functions.
How do prokaryotic cells differ from eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus, have unique chemically constructed walls, and are much smaller than eukaryotic cells.
