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Language Acquisition > 3.2 - Atypical Language Development > Flashcards

3.2 - Atypical Language Development Flashcards

0
Q

Does correction seem to have any effect on language correctness?

A

No

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1
Q

Learnability

A

Is something capable of being learned

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2
Q

Who and what did Zwicky study?

A

His daughter’s use of past participles

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3
Q

What is Atypical Language Development?

A

A language is the impairment or deviant development of comprehension and/or use of a spoken, written, and/or symbol system.

Dr. Ingram doesn’t want us to know this He finds that definitions don’t really tell us much of anything other than the fact that there’s some problem with language development

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4
Q

What do we mean we we say language development is Impaired

A

There is a delay

The child cannot do something they should be able to do

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5
Q

What do we mean we we say language development is Deviant?

A

There is a larger problem with language

Disordered

Atypical patterns

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6
Q

Language impairment involve (1) the ______, (2) the ______ and/or (3) the ______ in communication.

A

Form of language

Content of language

Function of language in communication

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7
Q

What is the form of language?

A

Phonology

Morphology

Syntax

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8
Q

What is the content of language?

A

Semantics

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9
Q

What is the function of language?

A

Pragmatics

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10
Q

What is Typology?

A

Atypical language development may occur in a wide range of contexts

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11
Q

Does each type of atypical language development needs to be studied individually?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is the cause of atypical language development?

A

Dysfunction of the brain centers for language and cognition

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13
Q

What are the Phonological Etiologies of atypical language development?

A

Fluency

Voice

Cleft palate

Dysarthria

Developmental phonology

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14
Q

What is Fluency?

A

Rate & Rhythm

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15
Q

What is Voice?

A

Larynx

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16
Q

What can be caused by cleft palate?

A

Hypernasality

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17
Q

What is Dysarthria?

A

Problems with the execution of speech

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18
Q

What is developmental phonology?

A

How kids learn their phonology normally and what happens when they don’t

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19
Q

What debate surrounds issues of Fluency?

A

Is it a Motor Problem or a Language Problem?

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20
Q

What is transitional dysfluency?

A

Kids lose fluency for a small period of time then it comes back

Can occur during a period of rapid grammatical development.

There’s just too much going on. This creates a processing bottleneck.

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21
Q

When does transitional dysfluency tend to occur?

A

Around 3;0

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22
Q

How does Dysfluency occur in Bilingualism?

A

May occur in one language but not the other

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23
Q

What kind of errors may occur in dysfluency?

4

A

Sound or syllable repetitions

Whole word repetitions

Sound prolongations

Pauses

24
Q

What sort of dysfluency is seen in a bilingual’s less dominant language?

A

Pauses (buying time)

25
Q

What sort of dysfluency is seen in a bilingual’s dominant language

A

Repetitions (trying to get it out)

26
Q

What is Gross inclusion?

A

Errors are made across many phonemes

Example: /t/ is used for all fricatives

27
Q

What are Unique sounds?

A

Nasal snort

Lateral fricatives

Ingressive /s/

Etc.

28
Q

Ingressive /s/ an probably an ______.

A

Iatrogenic effect

Was probably a result of language therapy

29
Q

What is an iatrogenic effect?

A

A negative impact of a medical treatment

Usually comes from making the kid make something they are not ready to make

30
Q

Someone with Prosodic Difficulties will most likely have issues with ______.

A

Stress & Timing

31
Q

In English, word stress is typically a ______ syllable followed by a ______ syllable.

A

Strong

Weak

32
Q

In English, sentence stress is usually a ______ syllable followed by a ______ one.

A

Weak

Strong

33
Q

In Dr Ingram’s example of the woman with epilepsy, she was using ______ stress at the ______.

A

Word

Sentence level

34
Q

What are five atypical language etiologies?

A

Specific Language Impairment

Mental Retardation

Autism

Acquired Brain Injury

Hearing Impairment

35
Q

What are Specific Language Impairment?

A

Hearing within normal limits

No organic abnormalities

Cognition within normal limits

The impairment is specific to language

36
Q

Who coined the term “Specific Language Impairment”?

A

Larry Leonard

37
Q

What did Judith Johnston show?

A

That kids with SLI do perform worse on other kids on cognitive tasks but it’s not bad enough to be noticed

38
Q

What’s the difference between Delay vs. Impairment?

A

Delay = late talkers

Impairment = language is unlike that of other younger, typical children

39
Q

Do children with SLI show excessive use of single word utterances?

A

Yes

40
Q

Do children with SLI show greater omission of verb inflections (Past tense {-ed}, Present tense {-s})?

A

Yes

41
Q

Do children with SLI show less complex verb phrases?

A

Yes

42
Q

Basically, for children with SLI, language is more ______.

A

Simplified

43
Q

How does Mental Retardation affect language?

A

Their language difficulties are greater than language matched typical children

44
Q

Do children with Mental Retardation show shorter, less complex sentences?

A

Yes

45
Q

Do children with Mental Retardation show restricted word meanings?

A

Yes

46
Q

Do children with Mental Retardation show slow vocabulary growth?

A

Yes

47
Q

Do children with Mental Retardation show articulation problems?

A

Yes

48
Q

Does Autism tend to produce severe language impairment?

A

Yes

49
Q

Do children with Autism commonly invert pronouns (I = you)?

A

Yes

50
Q

Do children with Autism commonly exhibit concrete speech?

A

Yes

51
Q

Do children with Autism commonly produce atypical descriptions?

A

Yes

52
Q

Does Autism commonly exhibit a wide range of possible manifestations?

A

Yes

53
Q

Do children with Cochlear Implants have problems with problems with fricatives and non-visible sounds?

A

Yes

54
Q

Do children with Cochlear Implants often exhibit low intelligibility?

A

Yes

55
Q

Do children with Cochlear Implants often show a high success rate in sound production but with low intelligibility?

A

Yes

56
Q

Are normally hearing kids more accurate on final fricatives or initial fricatives?

A

Final Fricatives

57
Q

Are CI kids more accurate on final fricatives or initial fricatives?

A

Initial Fricatives

Language Acquisition (14 decks)

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