317 Lecture Quiz Flashcards
Upper Respiratory Age Changes
Thicker mucus
Stiffening trachea
Blunted cough and laryngeal reflexes
Atrophy of Laryngeal Nerve Endings
Chest wall and musculoskeletal age changes
Ribs and vertebrae osteoporosis
Costal cartilage calcifies
Respiratory muscles weaken
Structure changes.
Structural changes
Kyphosis
Shortened thorax
Chest wall stiffens
Alterations T cells contributes to
Increased risk for lung disease/infection.
Factors that influence respiratory function and wellness
Vagus nerve impairment Renal failure Anemia Pain Anticholinergics Narcotics and sedatives
Diagnostic Tests of Respiratory Function
PEFR Pulse oximetry Arterial blood gases CBC PFT Bronchoscopy Throat and sputum cultures
Tests for respiratory failure
Chest Xray
Spiral Chest CT
Ventilation Perfusion, V/Q scan
X ray
Differentiates by tissue density
Often done serially
Spiral Chest CT
Multiple cross-sectional images
Ventilation Perfusion Scan (V/Q scan)
Radioisotopes given
V/Q mismatch
Hypoxia symptoms
Tachypnea Restlessness, confusion, anxiety Dyspnea, orthopnea, retractions, accessory muscle use Cyanosis Clubbing
Partial Airway Obstruction
Snoring
Stridor
Adventitious breath sounds
Obstruction may be caused by
Secretions
Tongue
Foreign object
Promote lung expansion
Positioning
Ambulation
Frequent position change
Incentive spirometry
Mobilize secretions
Coughing and deep breathing
Hydration
Humidified O2
Suctioning
Postural drainage
Chest PT
