3.1 globalisation, past and present Flashcards
what is globalisation
Globalisation is the increasing connectedness of countries around the world through movement of goods, services, capital and ideas across borders.
-economic interdependence of countries
-diffusion of technology
what word do we use to describe the movement of things around the world in globalisation
FLOWS
what flows are involved in globalisation
(acronym)
COMICAT
CO mmodities (movement of products/ materials)
M igrants (movement of people)
I nformation (communication and data transfer)
CA pital (transfer and flow of money and currency)
T ourism (movement of people for intrigue and recreation)
describe how the interrelationship with trade has changed
-there was a large desire to move goods and services across the world, to improve efficiency in a short time
-aviation and shipping have evolved to create an interconnected system of cargo movement
what two factors have caused this shrinking wold effect
transport and trade
how has transport caused this interrelationship
-communication and transport technologies have improved
-trade has increased in a geographical scale
-bringing unexpected changes to the operation of companies
how has trade caused this interrelationship
the world seems much smaller due to its interrelations.
-capitalist economies are always wanting to increase their profits and sales to gain the maximum amount of money
-they can conduct research into transport technology to help build new global markets
what is a global market?
A global market is where goods, services, and labor are exchanged throughout the entire world
name 4 modes of transport that have been improved
aviation
steam power
container shipping
railways
how has steam power improved transportation?
it has enabled rapid movement across the world in any direction
(before boats had to travel in the direction of wind)
how has railways improved transportation?
they have enabled reliable and predictable movements of goods over large distances
how has aviation improved transportation?
this has enabled transportation by air on a rapid and large scale
how has container shipping improved transportation?
this has enabled shipping, loading, stacking and the unloading of goods to be safe, reliable and efficient
describe the ‘shrinking world effect’
‘time-space’ compression
as transport and technology improve and advance, the size of the planet, distances and the time taken to travel around it all decrease.
3.1c
how has improvements in communication technologies caused time-space compression.
-as they innovate and improve due to increased trade and information transfer
how has ICT changed over the years (flow chart)
telephones –> fax machines –> internet –> video conferencing
what type of technology has given us enhanced opportunities for global communication?
mobile phone technologies
give some examples of growth of ICT
-telephone and telegraph
-broadband and fibre optics
-GIS and GPS
-the internet, social networks and skype for example
when was the first submarine cable laid under the ocean?
August 1858- first telegraph cable`
what main problem is caused by internet globalisation
it is very unevenly distributed
-cables are not equally spread around the world
-many countries in central Africa have a very limited access to internet e.g. somalia and the central african republic
give the 6 dimensions of globalisation
-cultural elements can be lost as people lose their identity
-inequality increases as people gain wealth from the poverty of others
-flows of information spread less desirable ideas and influences
-increased interconnectivity fuels organised crimes
-legal loopholes are exploited for financial gain of rich
-local and global environments are destroyed causing extinctions
describe how electronic banking has formed from globalisation
advancements in technology and increased use of smartphones has let to increased ease and speed of money transfers around the globe
-linked to the flows of goods, migrants and tourists
describe how migrants play a part in globalisation (think money)
as migrants go abroad to work, they share their money and send some of it back to their original country where their family live, linking capita and migration together)
give examples of electronic banks
revolut, remitly and monzo
what phrase do we use to describe the world with developments in transportation?
a shrinking world
