3.1- Globalisation of sport Flashcards
Which of these is a characteristic of the popular recreation available to the lower class in pre-industrial Britain?
A local and specific
B regular
C rule-based
D Skills and tactics based
A
Which one of the following statements accurately describes the term urbanisation ? (1)
B
Identify the correct timeline of events that influenced the development of rational recreation (1)
Industrial rev
urbanisation
emergence of middle class
Development of NGB’s
Identify the correct combination of characterists that represnt real tennis (1)
A- moral codes, rules, regular
B- moral codes simple , wagering
C- Moral codes , unruly , violent
A
The 19th century saw the emergence of the middle classes, who had a social conscience with regard to the development of the sport
Explain how the middle classes contributed to the development of the lawn tennis during this period (2)
Middle class formed NGB, the Lawn Tennis Association (1)
Middle class supported the codification of tennis/the development of rules/development of equipment/clubs (1)
Middle class supported the development of competitions/they developed league and competition structures/tournaments (1)
Middle class supported women in participating in lawn tennis (1)
Real tennis was played in pre- industrial Britain (pre- 1780)
Identify three characteristics (3)
Played by the upper classes/civilised (1).
Complex rules/strategy/skilful (1).
Specialised kit and equipment/facilities (1).
Played by men (1).
High moral code (1).
State three characteristics of the amateurs during the industrial and post- box industrial (1780- 1900) period
(3)
High status/respected (1)
Played for the love of the game (1)
Controlled sport (1)
Top/best performers (1)
High moral values/sportsmanship/fair play (1)
Explain how the church promoted sport and recreation among their local communities during the mid to late 19th century (3)
Encourage social control e.g. improving behaviour and diverting from less social behaviours (1)
Churches offered the use of halls which increased the availability of facilities/spaces for sport and recreation to be played (1)
Churches looked to increase the morality and values of society through sport and recreation (1)
Churches organised teams/fixtures/leagues which encouraged participation in sport (1)
The church utilised sport and recreation to promote Christian values and increase church attendances (1)
The church promoted muscular Christianity through sport (1)
Rational recreation saw the development of early professionalism during the industrial and post industrial era (1780-1900)
Explain the differences between the gentleman amateur and working class professional and the impact these had their participation (4)
(Wealth) Gentlemen amateur had more money therefore had access to a wider range of activities to participate in / working class professional has less money so could access fewer activities to participate in (1)
(Time) Gentleman amateur had more free time so had the opportunity to participate in more activity / working class professional had less free time due to long working hours so had less opportunity to participate in activity (1)
(Commitment) Gentleman amateurs had less desire to improve performance therefore had no desire to participate in training / working class professional were more committed to perform as well as possible so participated in training (1)
(Morality) Gentleman amateur had higher morality therefore participation had an emphasis on taking part and fair play / working class professionals had lower morality therefore participation was based on a win at all costs approach (1)
Explain how the two-tier class system influenced the nature of sporting recreation in pre-industrial society
(4)
(AO1) The class system determined an individual’s status, (1)
(AO2) and therefore the type of activity that would be appropriate for them to engage in (1).
(AO1) The upper class / gentry would participate in real tennis / rational recreation (1) (AO2) because they had the land / more time / money / facilities / could afford equipment / were educated so could understand the rules (1). The lower class / peasants would play mob football / popular recreation (1) because this reflected their harsh living conditions / they did not have access to land and resources enjoyed by the gentry / were illiterate and so could not understand rules (1). (AO1) (Different classes had different roles within the same activity) upper class would wager on lower class in activities such as pedestrian activities (1) (AO2) because upper class had money / was form of entertainment / for high status (1).
During the industrial and post industrail period (1780-1900) rapid changes occurred in sport reflecting the changes occuring in society. One such change was the development of improved transport and communication.
Suggest how the improvements in transports and communication during this period led to an increase in the standard of performance in sport (4)
Development of further/faster transport allowed teams to travel further playing against a higher standard of opposition/play more (1)
Improved transport allowed the development of leagues increasing competitiveness and incentivising success (1)
Improved/cheaper transport allowed performers access to new activities increasing the number of performers and in turn the overall standard (1)
Improved communication led to the development of role models who younger performers aimed to emulate/copy (1)
Improved communication led to the codification of sport, enabling fixtures and leagues to occur between people from different areas (1)
Improved communication meant you could follow a team, increasing spectators, leading to professionalism (1)
In 1850 Dr Williams Penny Brookes founded the Wenlock Olympian Games
Identify two aims of the Wenlock (2)
Form Olympian Class (1) Promote moral improvements (1) Promote physical improvements (1) Promote intellectual improvements (1) Targeted at people of the town and neighbourhood of Wenlock (1)
