31: Demographic Transition Flashcards
What is infant mortality rate?
number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year
What is the correlation between infant mortality rate and education?
there is lower infant mortality with women that have more years of schooling
- the lower the number of years of school, the higher the infant mortality
- correlation does not mean causation!
Why do people in less developed countries have more children?
people tend to have more children when they think that the chances of that child reaching adulthood are low
- parents want someone to take care of them when they are old
- have more children to ensure that some of the children are going to survive and support the parents when they are old
- high infant mortality –> high fertility rates
What is demographic transition?
falling death and birth rates due to improved living conditions that come with economic development
What are the 4 stages of the demographic transition model?
- preindustrial
- transitional (population or demographic trap)
- industrial
- post industrial
What is stage 1 of the demographic transition model?
preindustrial: high birth and death rates
What is stage 2 of the demographic transition model?
transitional
- people live longer lives; death rates go down
- birth rates stay up
What is stage 3 of the demographic transition model?
industrial: people start having fewer children
- women start working, not at home anymore
- population is still growing
What is stage 4 of the demographic transition model?
post industrial: low birth and death rates
- population growth is now stable
Why is stage 2 known as the population or demographic trap?
it is the most dangerous stage for a population to be in because birth rates are still high and increasing (GREAT amount of population increase)
- longer lives but still having a lot of children
