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Hematology and Immunology > 3.06 Hemostasis > Flashcards

3.06 Hemostasis Flashcards

0
Q

Lyses or dissolves the clot

A

Fibrinolytic system

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1
Q

First cellular evidence when there is a break in the endothelium to stop the bleeding

A

Platelet system

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2
Q

It is the reactive lining of the blood vessel

A

Basement membrane

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3
Q

Helps with platelet adhesion and aggregation and it releases tissue factor which plays a significant part in the clotting cascade

A

vWF

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4
Q

Down regulates thrombin formation and prostacyclin

A

Protein C

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5
Q

A potent vasodilator that resumes original blood flow; inhibits platelet aggregation in healthy vessels

A

Prostacyclin

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6
Q

The first response to an injury

A

Blood vessel contraction

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7
Q

For platelet adhesion, platelet should bind to the vWF through the ______ and to collagen through the _______

A

Gp1b receptor. Gp1a receptor.

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8
Q

Stimulates platelet aggregation. (2 factors)

A

ADP and Ca2+

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9
Q

Stimulates vascular spasms

A

Thromboxane A2

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10
Q

Clotting factor that do not usually participate in clotting in vivo

A

XII

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11
Q

At each stage, a precursor is converted to an activated protease in the presence of these two factors

A

Calcium and phospholipid factors

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12
Q

2 factors that must be present in the liver for this cascade to proceed to completion.

A

Calcium ions and Vitamin K.

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13
Q

Converts soluble fibrinogen into soluble fibrin

A

Thrombin

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14
Q

Factor that is responsible for the mesh formation of the clot

A

Factor XIII

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15
Q

Merger of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.

A

Common pathway

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16
Q

Which between the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway is the feedback loop?

A

Intrinsic pathway

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17
Q

Inhibits thrombin formation and Factor Xa. Absence of this results thromboembolism or thrombotic episodes.

A

Antithrombin

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18
Q

Inactivated factor Va and VIIa from resulting to the inhibition of the formation of a fibrin clot. Deficiency in these results to successive clotting.

A

Activated protein C and S.

19
Q

Binds to thrombin and decreases its ability to produce fibrin

A

Thrombomodulin

20
Q

Interrupt the hemostatic process on several levels

A

Calcium chelators (in vitro)

21
Q

Affects post translational modulation (PTM) and give rise to dysfunctional factors that will prevent proper clot formation

A

Vitamin K antagonists (In vivo)

22
Q

Inactivated thrombin and factor Xa. Neutralized by protamine. PT and aPTT prolonged.

A

Heparin

23
Q

Vitamin K dependent factors

A

10, 9, 7, 2

24
Q

Proceeds upon activation of plasmin.

A

Fibrinolysis

25
Q

A clot in an unbroken vessel

A

Thrombus

26
Q

A clot, air bubble, lipid droplet, or a thrombus moving through a vessel and possibly lodging anywhere i the vascular system

A

embolus

27
Q

Anti coagulant (specifically vitamin K dependent factors)

A

Warfarin

28
Q

Inhibits thrombin and factor Xa

A

Warfarin

29
Q

Virchow’s Triad

A

V ascular trauma
I ncreased coagulability
R educed blood flow

30
Q

T/F A negative family history (2-3generations) rules out inherited bleeding disorders.

A

False

31
Q

Small pinpoint hematoma that is 1-2mm in diameter; generally caused by minor hemorrhage

A

Petechiae

32
Q

A bruise about 1cm in diameter, generally round in shape; caused by bleeding under the skin

A

Purpura

33
Q

> 3cm in size; commonly called a bruise

A

Ecchymoses

34
Q

Deal seated collection of clotted blood in an organ, tissue, space or cavity; bleeding into cavities

A

Hematoma

35
Q

Bleeding in a joint cavity

A

Hemarthrosis

36
Q 
Which of the following is an inherited vascular disorder?
A. Senile Purpura
B. Hemangioma
C. Henoch-Schonlein Syndrome
D. Scurvy
A

B.

37
Q

Deficiency of platelets in the Blood.

A

Thrombocytopenia

38
Q

Characterized by small and hypo chromic (paler than usual) red blood cell. leads to prolonged blood loss if left untreated.

A

Microcytic Anemia

39
Q

Anemia characterized by normal MCV but hematocrit and hemoglobin levels decreased.

A

Normocytic Anemia

40
Q

Normal platelet count

A

150-400 x10^9 per liter

41
Q

Normal bleeding time

A

2-8minutes

42
Q

aPTT measures what pathway?

A

Intrinsic pathway and common pathway

43
Q

PT measures what?

A

Extrinsic pathway and Common pathway

44
Q

Time required to form a clot when thrombin is added to the plasma is a measure of Fibrin formation.

A

Thrombin Time

45
Q

Deficiencies associated with clinical bleeding.

A

Factors VIII, IX, XI

46
Q

Substitute for bleeding time, stimulate primary hemostasis, superior to bleeding time.

A

PFA-100 Platelet Function Screen

Hematology and Immunology (11 decks)

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