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Forest Policy & Management > 3.0 - Crown Forest Tenure & Management System > Flashcards

3.0 - Crown Forest Tenure & Management System Flashcards

1
Q

What are some things that may be needed in order to develop / manage forests?

A
  • Financial Capital
  • Human Capital
  • Social Capital
  • Natural Capital
  • Manufactured Capital
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2
Q

Provide some examples of Human Capital:

A
  • Expertise
  • Knowledge
  • Skills
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3
Q

Provide some examples of Social Capital:

A
  • Relationships
  • Rapport
  • Consultation
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4
Q

Provide some examples of Natural Capital:

A
  • Natural Resources (Water, energy, etc.)
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5
Q

Provide some examples of Manufactured Capital:

A

Equipment & Infrastructure

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6
Q

Canada’s current provincial systems rooted in ___________ ideology of the mid-1800s.

A

colonial

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7
Q

What are some of the colonial ideologies for forest management? (3)

A
  1. Retain crown ownership and control of forest lands and resources
  2. Promote industrial extraction and sale of timber from public lands
  3. Create provincial revenues from Crown timber sales
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8
Q

What is the timeframe of the Sustained Yield Policies?

A

1930 - Now

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9
Q

What are some key beliefs of the Sustained Yield Policies?

A
  • Limiting Harvest
  • Optimization
  • Maximize Productive Use
  • Normal vs. Abnormal Forests (Evenly distributed age of trees)
  • Liquidation, fire, insect, disease all became targets of control.
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10
Q

What is another term for Synoptic Planning?

A

Rational Comprehensive Approach

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11
Q

What are four key aspects of Synoptic Planning?

A
  • Annual Allowable Cut (AAC)
  • Control Seeking
  • Long-term Sustained Yield Licensing
  • Reductionist Approach
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12
Q

What does a Reductionist approach in Synoptic Planning consider?

A

Focuses on single resource, single discipline, productivity, economic values, efficiency

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13
Q

What does a Control Seeking approach in Synoptic Planning consider?

A
  • Top-down
  • Centralized control
  • Held by single agency, large bureaucracy or experts
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14
Q

What is an AAC?

A

Annual Allowable Cut

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15
Q

What does Large-scale entail?

A

Area / Volume

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16
Q

What does “Ever-green” mean?

A

Constant Renewal

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17
Q

What is a definition of a Crown Forest Tenure?

A

It allocates responsibilities for the management of public forestland between governments, private firms, First Nations, and communities.

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18
Q

What are the five notable FMLs in Manitoba?

A
  • Kraft Paper Mill
  • Louisiana Pacific (LP)
  • Manitoba Paper Co.
  • Tembec
  • Tolko
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19
Q

When did FMLs begin in MB?

A

Late 1970s

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20
Q

What is FML?

A

Forest Management Licenses

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21
Q

What are four main sectors the government have dominated?

A
  • Community Relations
  • Decision-making
  • Distribution of benefits, costs, and local conditions
  • Ownership & Rights
22
Q

Government to Governance means from less _______ to more ___________________.

A

hierarchical, collaborative relationships

23
Q

What was recognized when shifting from Government to Governance?

A

Reliance on non-government actors for effectiveness and legitimacy of policy development and implementation.

24
Q

Modern governance requires…._____

A

managing relationships among multiple policy actors

25
Q

What are the three main actors involved in Forest Policy?

A
  • State
  • Market
  • Civil Society
26
Q

Define the Policy Community:

A

Set of actors in the universe that share common interests.

27
Q

Provide an example of a policy community:

A

Diffuse interests of environmentalists, government agencies, and consumers.

28
Q

Who are the three types policy actors in a Policy Community?

A
  • Industry
  • Bureaucrat
  • ENGO
29
Q

What is the role of Industry as a Policy actor?

A

To benefit from the production of the resource

30
Q

What is the role of a Bureaucrat as a Policy Actor?

A

Larger departmental budget because of focus on given issue; greater status in government hierarchy.

31
Q

What is the role of an ENGO as a Policy Actor?

A

To stop environmental degradation and protect animal welfare for the ‘greater good’.

32
Q

Who are some examples of key roles in a policy community?

A
  • Parliament
  • Provincial Government
  • Lead Agency
  • Cabinet and Central Policy Structures
33
Q

Define a Policy Network:

A

Subset of actors connected by their interests and more importantly, directly or indirectly connected to the decision making process.

34
Q

What are two of the fundamental reforms at the provincial level to Crown Forest Tenures?

A
  • Changing Planning Processes
  • New regulations on land use and forest practices
35
Q

What are the four key types of Forest Rights?

A
  1. Long-term harvesting rights and management responsibilities
  2. Aboriginal and Treaty Rights
  3. Other licenses with additional rights to resource taking
  4. Non-consumptive & non-commercial rights of access
36
Q

Forest Use and Control in Northern Ontario accounts for ___% of provincial land base and ___% of provincial forests.

A

90 & 96

37
Q

Crown Forest Management Planning Area takes up ___% of Ontario land base.

A

42

38
Q

What are the 3 types of communities involved in the Forest Use & Control in Northern Ontario?

A
  • Small to Medium Cities
  • Aboriginal
  • Resource Dependent
39
Q

The Northern Ontario “Forestry Crisis” can be attributed to what 3 things?

A
  1. 30% increase in electricity
  2. Access to fibre
  3. Global Competition
40
Q

What is the Superior East Shutdown & Job Loss an example of?

A

Forestry Crisis

41
Q

What are some of the affected communities is the Superior East Forestry Crisis in Northern Ontario?

A
  • Chapleau, Domtar
  • Hornpayne, Haavaldsrud Ltd.
  • White River, Domtar
  • Wawa, Weyerhauser
42
Q

How many people lost their jobs in the Superior East forestry crisis in Northern Ontario?

A

1,025

43
Q

What are some things that happened to Superior East in the forestry crisis (2005 - 2008)?

A
  • 17% decrease in population
  • Foreclosures and decreased property values
  • Shrinking tax base
  • Service Loss
44
Q

What are the 5 key features of Policy and Management Responsibilities?

A
  • Competitiveness
  • Inclusiveness
  • Participation
  • Regional and local stability
  • Social license to operate
45
Q

What are the 5 stages of the Policy Process?

A
  1. Agenda Setting
  2. Policy Formation
  3. Decision-making
  4. Implementation
  5. Evaluation
46
Q

What occurs in the Agenda Setting stage?

A

Incomplete or partial definitions of the policy problem.

47
Q

What occurs in the Policy Formulation stage?

A

Estimations concerning calculations of risks, costs, benefits associated with proposed solutions.

48
Q

What occurs in the Decision-making stage?

A

Adoption of particular course of action or inaction.

49
Q

What occurs in the Implementation stage?

A
  • executing policy option selected
  • choice is made among policy instruments
50
Q

What occurs in the Evaluation stage of the Policy Process?

A

Results of press monitored and assessed for success.

51
Q

New governance arrangements are part of the _________________ era and paradigm.

A

Sustainable Forest Management

Forest Policy & Management (12 decks)

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