3.0 - Crown Forest Tenure & Management System Flashcards
What are some things that may be needed in order to develop / manage forests?
- Financial Capital
- Human Capital
- Social Capital
- Natural Capital
- Manufactured Capital
Provide some examples of Human Capital:
- Expertise
- Knowledge
- Skills
Provide some examples of Social Capital:
- Relationships
- Rapport
- Consultation
Provide some examples of Natural Capital:
- Natural Resources (Water, energy, etc.)
Provide some examples of Manufactured Capital:
Equipment & Infrastructure
Canada’s current provincial systems rooted in ___________ ideology of the mid-1800s.
colonial
What are some of the colonial ideologies for forest management? (3)
- Retain crown ownership and control of forest lands and resources
- Promote industrial extraction and sale of timber from public lands
- Create provincial revenues from Crown timber sales
What is the timeframe of the Sustained Yield Policies?
1930 - Now
What are some key beliefs of the Sustained Yield Policies?
- Limiting Harvest
- Optimization
- Maximize Productive Use
- Normal vs. Abnormal Forests (Evenly distributed age of trees)
- Liquidation, fire, insect, disease all became targets of control.
What is another term for Synoptic Planning?
Rational Comprehensive Approach
What are four key aspects of Synoptic Planning?
- Annual Allowable Cut (AAC)
- Control Seeking
- Long-term Sustained Yield Licensing
- Reductionist Approach
What does a Reductionist approach in Synoptic Planning consider?
Focuses on single resource, single discipline, productivity, economic values, efficiency
What does a Control Seeking approach in Synoptic Planning consider?
- Top-down
- Centralized control
- Held by single agency, large bureaucracy or experts
What is an AAC?
Annual Allowable Cut
What does Large-scale entail?
Area / Volume
What does “Ever-green” mean?
Constant Renewal
What is a definition of a Crown Forest Tenure?
It allocates responsibilities for the management of public forestland between governments, private firms, First Nations, and communities.
What are the five notable FMLs in Manitoba?
- Kraft Paper Mill
- Louisiana Pacific (LP)
- Manitoba Paper Co.
- Tembec
- Tolko
When did FMLs begin in MB?
Late 1970s
What is FML?
Forest Management Licenses
What are four main sectors the government have dominated?
- Community Relations
- Decision-making
- Distribution of benefits, costs, and local conditions
- Ownership & Rights
Government to Governance means from less _______ to more ___________________.
hierarchical, collaborative relationships
What was recognized when shifting from Government to Governance?
Reliance on non-government actors for effectiveness and legitimacy of policy development and implementation.
Modern governance requires…._____
managing relationships among multiple policy actors
What are the three main actors involved in Forest Policy?
- State
- Market
- Civil Society
Define the Policy Community:
Set of actors in the universe that share common interests.
Provide an example of a policy community:
Diffuse interests of environmentalists, government agencies, and consumers.
Who are the three types policy actors in a Policy Community?
- Industry
- Bureaucrat
- ENGO
What is the role of Industry as a Policy actor?
To benefit from the production of the resource
What is the role of a Bureaucrat as a Policy Actor?
Larger departmental budget because of focus on given issue; greater status in government hierarchy.
What is the role of an ENGO as a Policy Actor?
To stop environmental degradation and protect animal welfare for the ‘greater good’.
Who are some examples of key roles in a policy community?
- Parliament
- Provincial Government
- Lead Agency
- Cabinet and Central Policy Structures
Define a Policy Network:
Subset of actors connected by their interests and more importantly, directly or indirectly connected to the decision making process.
What are two of the fundamental reforms at the provincial level to Crown Forest Tenures?
- Changing Planning Processes
- New regulations on land use and forest practices
What are the four key types of Forest Rights?
- Long-term harvesting rights and management responsibilities
- Aboriginal and Treaty Rights
- Other licenses with additional rights to resource taking
- Non-consumptive & non-commercial rights of access
Forest Use and Control in Northern Ontario accounts for ___% of provincial land base and ___% of provincial forests.
90 & 96
Crown Forest Management Planning Area takes up ___% of Ontario land base.
42
What are the 3 types of communities involved in the Forest Use & Control in Northern Ontario?
- Small to Medium Cities
- Aboriginal
- Resource Dependent
The Northern Ontario “Forestry Crisis” can be attributed to what 3 things?
- 30% increase in electricity
- Access to fibre
- Global Competition
What is the Superior East Shutdown & Job Loss an example of?
Forestry Crisis
What are some of the affected communities is the Superior East Forestry Crisis in Northern Ontario?
- Chapleau, Domtar
- Hornpayne, Haavaldsrud Ltd.
- White River, Domtar
- Wawa, Weyerhauser
How many people lost their jobs in the Superior East forestry crisis in Northern Ontario?
1,025
What are some things that happened to Superior East in the forestry crisis (2005 - 2008)?
- 17% decrease in population
- Foreclosures and decreased property values
- Shrinking tax base
- Service Loss
What are the 5 key features of Policy and Management Responsibilities?
- Competitiveness
- Inclusiveness
- Participation
- Regional and local stability
- Social license to operate
What are the 5 stages of the Policy Process?
- Agenda Setting
- Policy Formation
- Decision-making
- Implementation
- Evaluation
What occurs in the Agenda Setting stage?
Incomplete or partial definitions of the policy problem.
What occurs in the Policy Formulation stage?
Estimations concerning calculations of risks, costs, benefits associated with proposed solutions.
What occurs in the Decision-making stage?
Adoption of particular course of action or inaction.
What occurs in the Implementation stage?
- executing policy option selected
- choice is made among policy instruments
What occurs in the Evaluation stage of the Policy Process?
Results of press monitored and assessed for success.
New governance arrangements are part of the _________________ era and paradigm.
Sustainable Forest Management
