30 April wk7-F

Question 1

Signs of Reye’s syndrome

Answer 1

Child treated with aspirin when have a viral infection

Severe vomiting, delirium, fatty liver (hepatomegaly), followed by a coma

Question 2

9:22 translocation

Answer 2

Called the Philadelphia chromosome
Causes production of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase that is stuck in the ‘on’ position leading to CML
Treatment of disease by Imatinib–Ab against the overactive tyrosine kinase

Question 3

Imatinib

Answer 3

Ab against BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase

Question 4

What should be coadministered with Isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 4

Pyridoxine (B6)

Isoniazid depletes production

Question 5

Low levels of what vitamin can lead to peripheral neuropathy, microcytic anemia, dermatitis, and elevated levels of homocysteine? What is its primary function in the body?

Answer 5

Pyridoxine (B6)

Cofactor in Heme synthesis

Question 6

What are the names for vitamins B1,2,3,12?

Answer 6

B1: Thiamine
B2: Riboflavin
B3: Niacin
B12: Cobalamin

Question 7

Features of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s Syndrome

Answer 7

Wernicke’s: Ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, memory impairment

Korsakoff’s: antero and retrograde amnesia, confabulation

Question 8

Effects of Riboflavin deficiency

Answer 8

Angular cheilitis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis

Often in people who do not consume dairy

Question 9

Effects of Niacin deficiency

Answer 9

Pellagra

3 D’s: dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea

Question 10

How are B12 and Folic acid deficiencies the same and different?

Answer 10

Both cause macrocytic anemia

B12 deficiency causes peripheral neuropathy and elevated methylmalonic acid

Question 11

MOA of Capsaicin

Answer 11

Topical drug for treating pain

Causes so much activation of nociceptors that become desensitized to pain signals. Also depletes neurons of substance P

Question 12

Diclofenac

Answer 12

Topical NSAID, nonselective but preferentially inhibits COX-2, often used for OA pain of the knee

Question 13

Common SE’s of metronidazole

Answer 13

Metallic taste, dark urine, disulfiram-like

Question 14

What antibiotics can decrease levels of valproic acid and also independently lead to seizure?

Answer 14

Carbapenems:

Imipenem, Ertapenem, Meropenem

Question 15

What groups of bac does metronidazole treat?

Answer 15

Anaerobic bacteria only

Question 16

What groups of bac do macrolides treat primarily?

Answer 16

Gram (+)

Question 17

What drugs would be used for empirical therapy for necrotizing fasciitis to cover g(-), g(+), aerobic, and anaerobic bac?

Answer 17

Imipene, Meropenem

Question 18

What syndrome causes: HA, confusion, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, flushing, and visual disturbances? What drug might cause this?

Answer 18

Cinchonism

Quinidine

Question 19

What tissues in the heart are more affected by Ca or Na channel blockers?

Answer 19

AP in nodes is controlled primarily by Ca influx, so Ca channel blockers affect the nodes more than anything and slow conduction through the heart
AP in myocytes is controlled primarily by Na channels so Class I antiarrhythmics primarily affect this part of the heart

Question 20

What antiarrhythmic drug is best to treat multifocal ventricular contractions post MI and why?

Answer 20

Lidocaine is a good choice because it preferentially affects tissues that are damaged and are hyperconductive like those causing arrhythmias after an MI.

Question 21

When are class Ic antiarrhythmic drugs used and contraindicated?

Answer 21

These have heavy effect on Na channels and therefore are useful for ventricular arrhythmias
Class Ib drugs are good for post MI, but these are CI for post MI and can worsen the problem