30 April wk7-F Flashcards
Signs of Reye’s syndrome
Child treated with aspirin when have a viral infection
Severe vomiting, delirium, fatty liver (hepatomegaly), followed by a coma
9:22 translocation
Called the Philadelphia chromosome
Causes production of the BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase that is stuck in the ‘on’ position leading to CML
Treatment of disease by Imatinib–Ab against the overactive tyrosine kinase
Imatinib
Ab against BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase
What should be coadministered with Isoniazid to prevent peripheral neuropathy?
Pyridoxine (B6)
Isoniazid depletes production
Low levels of what vitamin can lead to peripheral neuropathy, microcytic anemia, dermatitis, and elevated levels of homocysteine? What is its primary function in the body?
Pyridoxine (B6)
Cofactor in Heme synthesis
What are the names for vitamins B1,2,3,12?
B1: Thiamine
B2: Riboflavin
B3: Niacin
B12: Cobalamin
Features of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy and Korsakoff’s Syndrome
Wernicke’s: Ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, memory impairment
Korsakoff’s: antero and retrograde amnesia, confabulation
Effects of Riboflavin deficiency
Angular cheilitis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis
Often in people who do not consume dairy
Effects of Niacin deficiency
Pellagra
3 D’s: dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea
How are B12 and Folic acid deficiencies the same and different?
Both cause macrocytic anemia
B12 deficiency causes peripheral neuropathy and elevated methylmalonic acid
MOA of Capsaicin
Topical drug for treating pain
Causes so much activation of nociceptors that become desensitized to pain signals. Also depletes neurons of substance P
Diclofenac
Topical NSAID, nonselective but preferentially inhibits COX-2, often used for OA pain of the knee
Common SE’s of metronidazole
Metallic taste, dark urine, disulfiram-like
What antibiotics can decrease levels of valproic acid and also independently lead to seizure?
Carbapenems:
Imipenem, Ertapenem, Meropenem
What groups of bac does metronidazole treat?
Anaerobic bacteria only
What groups of bac do macrolides treat primarily?
Gram (+)
What drugs would be used for empirical therapy for necrotizing fasciitis to cover g(-), g(+), aerobic, and anaerobic bac?
Imipene, Meropenem
What syndrome causes: HA, confusion, dizziness, tinnitus, nausea, flushing, and visual disturbances? What drug might cause this?
Cinchonism
Quinidine
What tissues in the heart are more affected by Ca or Na channel blockers?
AP in nodes is controlled primarily by Ca influx, so Ca channel blockers affect the nodes more than anything and slow conduction through the heart
AP in myocytes is controlled primarily by Na channels so Class I antiarrhythmics primarily affect this part of the heart
What antiarrhythmic drug is best to treat multifocal ventricular contractions post MI and why?
Lidocaine is a good choice because it preferentially affects tissues that are damaged and are hyperconductive like those causing arrhythmias after an MI.
When are class Ic antiarrhythmic drugs used and contraindicated?
These have heavy effect on Na channels and therefore are useful for ventricular arrhythmias
Class Ib drugs are good for post MI, but these are CI for post MI and can worsen the problem
