30 - Flashcards
self-serving
showing that you will only do something if it will gain you an advantage – used to show disapproval
self-serving politicians
نون ب نرخ روز خور.. هرجا بصرفه اونجاست
rouse
like animate (to give life or energy to something)
1 to make someone start doing something, especially when they have been too tired or unwilling to do it
rouse yourself
She roused herself stiffly from her chair.
rouse somebody to something/to do something
a campaign designed to rouse the younger generation to action
2 to make someone feel a particular emotion, such as anger or fear → arouse
We don’t want to rouse any suspicions.
rouse somebody to something
Paul strode forward, roused to anger.
suppress
سرکوب کردن
forcibly put an end to.
the uprising was savagely suppressed
impart
1 to give a particular quality to something
impart something to something.attribute
Use a piece of fresh ginger to impart a Far Eastern flavour to simple ingredients.
2 to give information, knowledge, wisdom etc to someone. like convey
She had information that she couldn’t wait to impart.
stifle
1 [transitive] to stop something from happening or developing OPP encourage
rules and regulations that stifle innovation
How can this party stifle debate on such a crucial issue?
2 [transitive] to stop a feeling from being expressed, repress
He stifled an urge to hit her.
stifle a yawn/smile/grin etc
I tried to stifle my laughter.
degenerate
to become worse
degenerate into
The conference degenerated into a complete fiasco.
forgery
جعل
hard-boiled
not showing your emotions and not influenced by your feelings SYN tough سخت جوش
a hard-boiled marketing executive
heavy-handed
taking too much action or extreme action, especially without thinking about other people’s feelings
a heavy-handed style of management
dewy-eyed
exhibiting childlike simplicity and credulity
“dewy-eyed innocence”
mutually exclusive
if two things are mutually exclusive, you cannot have or do both of them
Lesbianism and motherhood are not mutually exclusive.
dreary
dull and making you feel sad or bored
the same dreary routine
a dreary winter’s day
level-headed
calm and sensible in making judgments or decisions OPP hot-headed
sound
as adjective
1 WELL-JUDGED sensible or good, and likely to produce the right results OPP poor
The book is full of sound advice.
a man of great integrity and sound judgement
ecologically/ideologically/theoretically etc sound
2 complete and thorough
a sound knowledge of English
amend
to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken
The law was amended to include women.
amendment:a small change, improvement, or addition that is made to a law or document, or the process of doing this
constitutional amendments
parallel (37)
موازی1
2 similar and happening at the same time
Social changes in Britain are matched by parallel trends in some other countries.
subterranean
beneath the surface of the Earth SYN underground
subterranean passage/river
barter
مبادله کالا با کالا کردن
I had to barter with the locals for food.
They bartered their grain for salt.
vigorous
1 using a lot of energy and strength or determination
Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.
Environmentalists have begun a vigorous campaign to oppose nuclear dumping in the area.
a vigorous debate
Vigorous efforts are being made to find a solution to the problem.
The measures provoked vigorous opposition in right-wing circles.
2 strong and healthy
a vigorous young man
rigorous
1 careful, thorough, and exact
a rigorous analysis of defence needs
the rigorous standards required by the college
2 very severe or strict. Like robust
rigorous army training
crabbed
writing which is crabbed is small, untidy, and difficult to read
incidental factor
If one thing is incidental to another, it is less important than the other thing or is not a major part of it.
humility (38)
the quality of being humble
He spoke with great humility about his role, praising the efforts of his teammates above his own.
disquisition
a long speech or written report
nominal
اسمن- رسما قضیه چیز دیگس
ظاهر کار
She’s the nominal head of our college - the real work is done by her deputy.
annex
1 to take control of a country or area next to your own, especially by using force
The Baltic republics were annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940.
2 ضمیمه کردن
defying expectation
in contrast to what we expect
pronounced
very great and noticeable, like striking
dire
extremely serious or terrible
warnings of dire consequences that often don’t come true
topple
to become unsteady and then fall over, or to make something do this
topple over
A stack of plates swayed, and began to topple over.
locus
center
the place where something is particularly known to exist, or which is the centre of something
locus of
The Politburo was the locus of all power in the Soviet Union.
encapsulate
1 to express or show something in a short way SYN sum up
The words of the song neatly encapsulate the mood of the country at that time.
encapsulate something in something
Her whole philosophy can be encapsulated in this one sentence.
2 to completely cover something with something else, especially in order to prevent a substance getting out
encapsulate something in something
The leaking fuel rods will be encapsulated in lead.
sparingly
in small amounts, or without wasting any:
There wasn’t enough coal during the war, so we had to use it sparingly.
She created a natural look, using makeup sparingly.
encyclopedic
having a lot of knowledge or information about a particular subject
an encyclopedic knowledge of medieval literature.
like exhaustive, erudite, polymathic
requisite
needed for a particular purpose SYN necessary, required
He lacks the requisite qualifications.
invoke
استناد کردن
sketchy
not thorough or complete, and not having enough details to be useful SYN vague
Details of the accident are still sketchy.
delusive
گمراه کننده
If you are a C student, and your guidance counselor tells you to apply to MIT and Harvard, his advice may be delusive, or not based in fact, giving a false impression.
delusion: گمراهی
He is under the delusion that I am going to cheat him.
retrench
if a government or organization retrenches, it spends less money SYN economize
