30 -

Question 1

self-serving

Answer 1

showing that you will only do something if it will gain you an advantage – used to show disapproval
self-serving politicians
نون ب نرخ روز خور.. هرجا بصرفه اونجاست

Question 2

rouse

Answer 2

like animate (to give life or energy to something)
1 to make someone start doing something, especially when they have been too tired or unwilling to do it
rouse yourself
She roused herself stiffly from her chair.
rouse somebody to something/to do something
a campaign designed to rouse the younger generation to action
2 to make someone feel a particular emotion, such as anger or fear → arouse
We don’t want to rouse any suspicions.
rouse somebody to something
Paul strode forward, roused to anger.

Question 3

suppress

Answer 3

سرکوب کردن
forcibly put an end to.
the uprising was savagely suppressed

Question 4

impart

Answer 4

1 to give a particular quality to something
impart something to something.attribute
Use a piece of fresh ginger to impart a Far Eastern flavour to simple ingredients.
2 to give information, knowledge, wisdom etc to someone. like convey
She had information that she couldn’t wait to impart.

Question 5

stifle

Answer 5

1 [transitive] to stop something from happening or developing OPP encourage
rules and regulations that stifle innovation
How can this party stifle debate on such a crucial issue?
2 [transitive] to stop a feeling from being expressed, repress
He stifled an urge to hit her.
stifle a yawn/smile/grin etc
I tried to stifle my laughter.

Question 6

degenerate

Answer 6

to become worse
degenerate into
The conference degenerated into a complete fiasco.

Question 7

forgery

Answer 7

جعل

Question 8

hard-boiled

Answer 8

not showing your emotions and not influenced by your feelings SYN tough سخت جوش
a hard-boiled marketing executive

Question 9

heavy-handed

Answer 9

taking too much action or extreme action, especially without thinking about other people’s feelings
a heavy-handed style of management

Question 10

dewy-eyed

Answer 10

exhibiting childlike simplicity and credulity
“dewy-eyed innocence”

Question 11

mutually exclusive

Answer 11

if two things are mutually exclusive, you cannot have or do both of them
Lesbianism and motherhood are not mutually exclusive.

Question 12

dreary

Answer 12

dull and making you feel sad or bored
the same dreary routine
a dreary winter’s day

Question 13

level-headed

Answer 13

calm and sensible in making judgments or decisions OPP hot-headed

Question 14

sound

Answer 14

as adjective
1 WELL-JUDGED sensible or good, and likely to produce the right results OPP poor
The book is full of sound advice.
a man of great integrity and sound judgement
ecologically/ideologically/theoretically etc sound
2 complete and thorough
a sound knowledge of English

Question 15

amend

Answer 15

to correct or make small changes to something that is written or spoken
The law was amended to include women.
amendment:a small change, improvement, or addition that is made to a law or document, or the process of doing this
constitutional amendments

Question 16

parallel (37)

Answer 16

موازی1
2 similar and happening at the same time
Social changes in Britain are matched by parallel trends in some other countries.

Question 17

subterranean

Answer 17

beneath the surface of the Earth SYN underground
subterranean passage/river

Question 18

barter

Answer 18

مبادله کالا با کالا کردن
I had to barter with the locals for food.
They bartered their grain for salt.

Question 19

vigorous

Answer 19

1 using a lot of energy and strength or determination
Your dog needs at least 20 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.
Environmentalists have begun a vigorous campaign to oppose nuclear dumping in the area.
a vigorous debate
Vigorous efforts are being made to find a solution to the problem.
The measures provoked vigorous opposition in right-wing circles.
2 strong and healthy
a vigorous young man

rigorous
1 careful, thorough, and exact
a rigorous analysis of defence needs
the rigorous standards required by the college
2 very severe or strict. Like robust
rigorous army training

Question 20

crabbed

Answer 20

writing which is crabbed is small, untidy, and difficult to read

Question 21

incidental factor

Answer 21

If one thing is incidental to another, it is less important than the other thing or is not a major part of it.

Question 22

humility (38)

Answer 22

the quality of being humble
He spoke with great humility about his role, praising the efforts of his teammates above his own.

Question 23

disquisition

Answer 23

a long speech or written report

Question 24

nominal

Answer 24

اسمن- رسما قضیه چیز دیگس
ظاهر کار
She’s the nominal head of our college - the real work is done by her deputy.

Question 25

annex

Answer 25

1 to take control of a country or area next to your own, especially by using force
The Baltic republics were annexed by the Soviet Union in 1940.
2 ضمیمه کردن

Question 26

defying expectation

Answer 26

in contrast to what we expect

Question 27

pronounced

Answer 27

very great and noticeable, like striking

Question 28

dire

Answer 28

extremely serious or terrible
warnings of dire consequences that often don’t come true

Question 29

topple

Answer 29

to become unsteady and then fall over, or to make something do this
topple over
A stack of plates swayed, and began to topple over.

Question 30

locus

Answer 30

center
the place where something is particularly known to exist, or which is the centre of something
locus of
The Politburo was the locus of all power in the Soviet Union.

Question 31

encapsulate

Answer 31

1 to express or show something in a short way SYN sum up
The words of the song neatly encapsulate the mood of the country at that time.
encapsulate something in something
Her whole philosophy can be encapsulated in this one sentence.
2 to completely cover something with something else, especially in order to prevent a substance getting out
encapsulate something in something
The leaking fuel rods will be encapsulated in lead.

Question 32

sparingly

Answer 32

in small amounts, or without wasting any:
There wasn’t enough coal during the war, so we had to use it sparingly.
She created a natural look, using makeup sparingly.

Question 33

encyclopedic

Answer 33

having a lot of knowledge or information about a particular subject
an encyclopedic knowledge of medieval literature.
like exhaustive, erudite, polymathic

Question 34

requisite

Answer 34

needed for a particular purpose SYN necessary, required
He lacks the requisite qualifications.

Question 35

invoke

Answer 35

استناد کردن

Question 36

sketchy

Answer 36

not thorough or complete, and not having enough details to be useful SYN vague
Details of the accident are still sketchy.

Question 37

delusive

Answer 37

گمراه کننده
If you are a C student, and your guidance counselor tells you to apply to MIT and Harvard, his advice may be delusive, or not based in fact, giving a false impression.
delusion: گمراهی
He is under the delusion that I am going to cheat him.

Question 38

retrench

Answer 38

if a government or organization retrenches, it spends less money SYN economize