3. the endocrine system Flashcards
the pancreas which is a mixed glans, exocrine and endocrine produces 2 hormones-what do they do
insulin and glucagon- they regulate blood sugars
the cortex (part of the adrenals) produces 3 major groups of steroid hormones:
- aldosterone-salt base balance
- cortisol/cortisone-balance and uptake of sugar
- testosterone/progesterone- reproductive
the Thymus gland which is located behind the sternum assists in the maturation of:
certain white blood cells of the immune system
name the 2 parts of the adrenal glands
cortex, and medulla
the thymus gland secretes what hormone
thymosin
the hormone from the parathyroid gland regulates:
calcium ions in the blood. It promotes the release of calcium from bone tissue, therefore increasing the amount of Ca+ in the blood
2 hormones secreted by the thyroid
T3 and T4- which act to regulate metabolism
underactive thyroid is linked to
iodine and selenium deficiencies. which can be linked to increased levels of mercury
what hormone does the pineal produce
melatonin
the pineal gland (in the brain) regulates:
night and day pattern in the body
9 major endocrine organs:
- hypothalamus
- pituitary
- pineal
- thyroid
- parathyroid
- thymus
- adrenals
- pancreas
- gonads
hormones are:
chemical messengers that circulate freely in the body and only respond to certain targeted organs or cells
prostaglandins are
local hormones which have many targets but act locally at the site of release. they arent produced by endocrine organs but from fatty acid molecules found in the plasma membranes of almost all body cells. They are involved in the immune response
steroid hormones vs non steroidal
steroidal are made from cholesterol and include sex hormones. All others are considered non steroidal amino acid derivatives.
the endocrine system stimulates there long-term processes
growth and development, metabolism, reproduction, and body defences
