17. sports nutrition

Question 1

slow twitch muscle uses what energy system

Answer 1

aerobic system

Question 2

when would we use aerobic glycolysis

Answer 2

during high intensity activity

Question 3

enterocytes are

Answer 3

intestinal absorptive cells

Question 4

creatine is

Answer 4

nitrogenous organic acid that occurs naturally in the body and helps supply energy to all cells in the body, primarily muscle

Question 5

transit time should be

Answer 5

12-18 hr

Question 6

4 kinds of complex carbs

Answer 6

polysaccharides, glycogen, starches, fibres

Question 7

2 forms of simple carbs

Answer 7

mono and disaccarides

Question 8

fast twitch muscle mainly uses what energy system

Answer 8

ATP-PC and anaerobic glycolysis

Question 9

anaerobic system can accumulate this _____ because:

Answer 9

lactic acid; if it builds up and becomes pyruvic acid or get shuttled to the liver and be made back into glucose `

Question 10

energy pref for slow twitch

Answer 10

fats

Question 11

energy pref for fast twitch

Answer 11

CHO

Question 12

energy pref for the heart

Answer 12

fats

Question 13

how is energy released?

Answer 13

the breaking of carbon bonds releases energy, and we use that for ATP

Question 14

a calorie is

Answer 14

amount of energy needed to heat 1 ml of water by 1 degree celsius

Question 15

if you take energy away from ATP it becomes

Answer 15

ADP or AMP

Question 16

krebs:

Answer 16

method of energy production that needs oxygen; oxygen is found in mitochondria nad is used to make ATP

Question 17

glycolisis

Answer 17

method of energy production that does not need oxygen

Question 18

electron transport chain

Answer 18

method of energy production that needs oxygen

Question 19

female athlete triad

Answer 19

a syndrome in which eating disorders are also present

Question 20

lacto ove vegertarian

Answer 20

a vegetarian who does not eat animal flesh, but consumes dairy and eggs

Question 21

amenorrhea

Answer 21

cessation of period in women of reproductive age

Question 22

lacto vegetarian diet

Answer 22

a vegetarian diet that inculdes dairy products but excludes eggs and gelatin.
originally from ancient india and was based on religious beliefs

Question 23

osteopenia

Answer 23

refers to bone mineral density that is lower than normal but now low enough to be classifies as osteoporosis

Question 24

trans fats

Answer 24

artificially created unsaturated fat; made by adding hydrogen to oil

Question 25

slow twitch muscle fibre or type 1

Answer 25

more efficient at using oxygen to generate more fuel (ATP) for continuous, extended muscle contractions over a long time. They fire slower and can go for a longer time than fast twitch

Question 26

fast twitch muscle fibre or type 2

Answer 26

use anaerobic metabolism to create fuel- better at generating short bursts of strength or speed than slow twitch. fatigues quickly generally produce the same amount of force per contraction as slow muscles, but fire more rapidly

Question 27

these 3 syndromes will give you metabolic syndrome

Answer 27

diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia

Question 28

BCAA are very important. why? what can they make? name the most important 3 BCAAs

Answer 28

look very similar to glycose “muscle sparing”, make up 1/3 of muscle, can make glutamine and alanine
-valine, lucine, isoleucine

Question 29

from the amino acid pool, their are 4 fates

Answer 29

tissue, urine/sweat, glucose/fat, energy

Question 30

functions of protein

Answer 30

building blocks, repair of tissue, enzymes, fluid balance, transport

Question 31

hyponatremia

Answer 31

too little sodium leads to neurologic damage

Question 32

vitamin A caution

Answer 32

fat sol so can build up. when you have too much you can have teratogens which are bad for pregnancy

Question 33

omega fish oils should be eaten with foods:

Answer 33

oils get absorbed when bile is released into the digestive tract