3 Structure IDs- Knee & Leg (Muscles/Ligaments)

Question 1

Fibrous capsule of knee

Answer 1

Attachments: from the margins of the femoral condyles to the margins of the tibial condyles

Question 2

Tibial (medial) collateral

Answer 2

Attachments: from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial condyle & shaft of the tibia

Function: stabilizes the medial aspect of the joint (prevents abduction of the tibia)

Question 3

Fibular (lateral) collateral

Answer 3

Attachments: from the lateral epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula

Function: stabilizes the lateral aspect of the joint (prevents adduction of the tibia)

Question 4

Anterior cruciate

Answer 4

Attachments: from the medial part of the anterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the posterior part of the medial surface of the lateral condyle of the femur

Function: prevents posterior displacement of the femur on the tibia and hyperextension of the knee

Question 5

Posterior cruciate

Answer 5

Attachments: from the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the lateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur

Function: prevents anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia

Question 6

Medial meniscus

Answer 6

Attachments: anterior & posterior regions of the interconylar area of the tibia and fibrous capsule at the tibial (medial) collateral ligament

Question 7

Lateral meniscus

Answer 7

Attachments: anterior & posterior regions of the intercondylar area of the tibia

Question 8

Patellar ligament

Answer 8

Attachments: from the apex of the patella to the tibial tuberosity

Function: resists knee flexion

Question 9

Crural interosseous membrane

Answer 9

Attachments: from interosseous border of the tibia to the interosseous border of the fibula

Question 10

Extensor digitorum longus (L4-S1)

Answer 10

Attachments: from the lateral tibial condyle, proximal 3/4th of the fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the dorsal digital expansions of toes 2-5

Actions: dorsiflexes ankle and extends digits 2-5 (IP & MP)

Innervation: deep fibular n.

Question 11

Extensor hallucis longus (L4-S1)

Answer 11

Attachments: from the middle 1/2 of the fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

Actions: dorsiflexes ankle and extends great toe (MP & IP)

Innervation: deep fibular n.

Question 12

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius (L4-S1)

Answer 12

Attachments: from the distal fibula and crural interosseous membrane to the base of the 5th metatarsal

Actions: dorsiflexes ankle and everts foot

Innervation: deep fibular n.

Question 13

Tibialis anterior (L4-S1)

Answer 13

Attachments: from the lateral condyle and proximal 2/3rds of the tibia’s lateral surface & crural interosseous membrane to the medial cuneiform & adjacent 1st metatarsal

Actions: dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot

Innervation: deep fibular n.

Question 14

Fibularis (peroneus) longus (L4-S1)

Answer 14

Attachments: from the head & proximal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral aspects of the 1st metatarsal & adjacent medial cuneiform

Actions: everts foots, plantar flexes ankle, and depresses 1st metatarsal head

Innervation: superficial fibular n.

Question 15

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis (L4-S1)

Answer 15

Attachments: from the distal 2/3rds of the fibula to the lateral base of the the 5th metatarsal

Actions: everts foots, plantar flexes ankle

Innervation: superficial fibular n.

Question 16

Flexor digitorum longus (L5-S2)

Answer 16

Attachments: from the posterior tibia distal to the soleal line to the plantar surface of the distal phalangeal bases

Actions: plantar flexes ankle and flexes digits 2-5

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 17

Flexor hallucis longus (L5-S2)

Answer 17

Attachments: from the distal 2/3rds of the posterior fibular surface & crural interosseous membrane to the plantar aspect of the distal phalangeal base of the 1st toe

Actions: plantar flexes ankle and flexes great toe (MP & IP)

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 18

Gastrocnemius (S1-2)

Answer 18

Attachments: from the posterior aspect of the femoral condyles and joint capsules to the posterior calcaneal tendon

Actions: flexes knee and plantar flexes ankle

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 19

Plantaris (L4-S1)

Answer 19

Attachments: from the lateral supracondylar line to the posterior calcaneal surface

Actions: flexes knee and plantar flexes ankle

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 20

Popliteus (L4-S1)

Answer 20

Attachments: from the lateral femoral condyle and oblique popliteal ligament to the soleal line of the tibia

Actions: in NWB, medial rotation of tibia and knee flexion; in WB insertion is fixed: lateral rotation of the femur and knee flexion; thus it unlocks the knee from extension into early flexion

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 21

Soleus (L5-S2)

Answer 21

Attachments: from the posterior aspect of the head & proximal 1/4th of the fibula & tibial soleal line to the posterior calcaneal surface

Actions: plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

Innervation: tibial n.

Question 22

Tibialis posterior (L4-S1)

Answer 22

Attachments: from the crural interosseous membrane, lateral tibial surface & medial fibular surface to the navicular, medial & intermediate cuneiforms and bases of metatarsals 2-4

Actions: inverts foot and plantar flexes ankle

Innervation: tibial n.