3 Structure IDs- Hip & Thigh (Muscles/Ligaments)

Question 1

Sacrotuberous

Answer 1

Attachments: from posterior iliac spine & lateral margin of the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity

Question 2

Sacrospinous

Answer 2

Attachments: from ischial spine to lateral margin of the sacrum

Question 3

Fibrous joint capsule

Answer 3

Attachments: from the margin of the acetabulum to the neck, intertrochanteric line & intertrochanteric crest of femur

Question 4

Iliofemoral

Answer 4

Attachments: from anterior inferior iliac spine to the intertrochanteric line of the femur

Function:limits extension of thigh at hip joint

Question 5

Pubofemoral

Answer 5

Attachments: from the iliopubic eminence and superior pubic ramus to the fibrous capsule

Function: limits abduction of the femur

Question 6

Ischiofemoral

Answer 6

Attachments: from the ischium posterior to the acetabulum to the greater trochanter & iliofemoral ligament

Question 7

Ligamentum teres

Answer 7

Ligament of the head of the femur

Attachments: from the fovea of the femoral head to the acetabular notch

Question 8

Transverse acetabular

Answer 8

Attachments: interconnects the margins of the acetabular notch

Question 9

Iliacus (L2-4)

Answer 9

Attachments: from iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacral ala & sacroiliac ligaments to lesser trochanter of femur

Actions: flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 10

Psoas major (L1-4)

Answer 10

Attachments: from the anterior transverse processes, vertebrae bodies & discs (T12-L5) to the lesser trochanter of the femur

Actions: flexes and stabilizes the hip joint

Innervation: ventral rami L1-4 (from lumbar plexus)

Question 11

Rectus femoris (L2-4)

Answer 11

Attachments: from anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to the acetabulum to the base of the patella

Actions: flexes hip and extends knee

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 12

Sartorius (L2-3)

Answer 12

Attachments: from the anterior superior iliac spine to medial aspect of the proximal tibia

Actions: flexes, abducts & laterally rotates hip and flexes and assists medial rotation of the knee

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 13

Tensor fasciae latae (L4-S1)

Answer 13

Attachments: from anterior superior iliac spine & external lip of iliac crest to iliotibial tract

Actions: abducts, flexes & medially rotates hip, and assists in maintaining knee extension

Innervation: superior gluteal n.

Question 14

Vastus intermedius (L2-4)

Answer 14

Attachments: from the anterior aspect of the proximal 2/3rds of the femoral shaft to the lateral border of the patella

Actions: extends knee

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 15

Vastus lateralis (L2-4)

Answer 15

Attachments: from the intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity & linea aspera to the base & lateral borer of the patella

Actions: extends knee

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 16

Vastus medialis (L2-4)

Answer 16

Attachments: from the intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera & medial supracondylar line to the base & medial border of the patella

Actions: extends leg

Innervation: femoral n.

Question 17

Articularis genu (L2-4)

Answer 17

Attachments: from the distal anterior shaft of the femur to the proximal portion of synovial membrane if the knee joint

Actions: pulls articular capsule proximally

Innervation: femoral n. (branch from vastus intermedius)

Question 18

Adductor brevis (L2-4)

Answer 18

Attachments: from inferior pubic ramus to distal 2/3 pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera

Actions: adducts and flexes hip

Innervation: obturator n.

Question 19

Adductor longus (L2-4)

Answer 19

Attachments: from pubic crest to medial lip of linea aspera

Actions: adducts, medially rotates, and flexes hip

Innervation: obturator n.

Question 20

Adductor magnus (adductor: L2-4; hamstring: L4-S1)

Answer 20

Attachments: from inferior pubic ramus , ischial ramus & tuberosity to gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (adductor part), medial supracondylar ridge & adductor tubercle of the femur (hamstring part)

Actions: adducts, flexes (adductor part) & extends hip (hamstring part)

Innervation: obturator n. (adductor part) & tibial division of the sciatic n. (hamstring part)

Question 21

Gracilis (L2-4)

Answer 21

Attachments: from the body of the pubis to the inferior pubis ramus to the medial surface of tibia, distal condyle, proximal insertion of semitendinosus, lateral to insertion of sartorius

Actions: flexes & medially rotates knee, and adducts hip

Innervation: obturator n.

Question 22

Pectineus (L2-4)

Answer 22

Attachments: from superior pubic ramus to the femur between the lesser trochanter & linea aspera (pectineal line)

Actions: adducts, flexes hip

Innervation: femoral n. & obturator n.

Question 23

Obturator externus (L3-4)

Answer 23

Attachments: from rami of pubis and ischium; external surface obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa

Actions: laterally rotates hip

Innervation: obturator n.

Question 24

Superior gemellus (L5-S2)

Answer 24

Attachments: external surface of spine of ischium via obturator internus tendon to greater trochanter

Actions: laterally rotates hip

Innervation: sacral plexus

Question 25

Inferior gemellus (L4-S1)

Answer 25

Attachments: proximal ischial tuberosity via obturator internus tendon to greater trochanter Actions: laterally rotates hip Innervation: sacral plexus

Question 26

Gluteus maximus (L5-S2)

Answer 26

Attachments: from the aponeurosis of the erector spinae, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament & posterior gluteal line (innominate) to the greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity of the femur & the iliotibial tract Actions: extends & laterally rotates hip Innervation: inferior gluteal n.

Question 27

Gluteus medius (L4-S1)

Answer 27

Attachments: from the external iliac surface to the oblique ridge on the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter; gluteal aponeurosis Actions: abducts & medially rotates hip; and keeps the pelvis level when opposite leg is raised Innervation: superior gluteal n.

Question 28

Gluteus minimus (L4-S1)

Answer 28

Attachments: from the external iliac surface and margin of the greater sciatic notch to the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter Actions: abducts & medially rotates hip; and keeps pelvis level with opposite leg raised Innervation: superior gluteal n.

Question 29

Obturator internus (L5-S2)

Answer 29

Attachments: from the anterolateral wall of the pelvis & obturator membrane to the medial surface of the greater trochanter Actions: laterally rotates the hip Innervation: n. to the obturator internus (from sacral plexus)

Question 30

Piriformis (S1-2)

Answer 30

Attachments: from the anterolateral sacrum & posterior inferior iliac spine to the upper border of the greater trochanter Actions: abducts & laterally rotates hip Innervation: n. to piriformis

Question 31

Quadratus femoris (L4-S1)

Answer 31

Attachments: from ischial tiberosity to the quadrate tubercle of the femur Actions: laterally rotates hip Innervation: n. to the quadratus femoris (from sacral plexus)

Question 32

Biceps femoris (long head: L5-S3; short head: L5-S2)

Answer 32

Attachments: from the ischial tuberosity & sacrotuberous ligament (long head); lateral lip of linea aspera & lateral supracondylar line (short head) to the lateral side of fibular head Actions: flexes and laterally rotates knee (both heads) & extends hip (long head) Innervation: tibial division of sciatic n. (long head) & fibular division of sciatic n. (short head)

Question 33

Semimembranosus (L4-S2)

Answer 33

Attachments: from ischial tuberosity to posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle Actions: extends hip and flexes & medially rotates knee Innervation: tibial division of the sciatic n.

Question 34

Semitendinosus (L4-S2)

Answer 34

Attachments: from ischial tuberosity to posterior aspect of the medial tibial condyle Actions: extends hip and flexes & medially rotates knee Innervation: tibial division of the sciatic n.