2 Structure IDs- Head (Muscles/Ligaments)

Question 1

Lateral temporomandibular

Answer 1

Attachments: from zygomatic process of temporal bone to mandibular neck

Function: supports joint capsule in maintaining articulation, and helps to limit depression and retraction

Question 2

Sphenomandibular

Answer 2

Attachments: from spine of sphenoid to lingula of mandible

Function: a check ligament to prevent excessive depression

Question 3

Stylomandibular

Answer 3

Attachments: from styloid process to angle of mandible

Function: taut during moderate opening

Question 4

Buccinator

Answer 4

Attachments: from alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible, pterygoid hamulus and pterygomandibular raphe to the buccal angle

Actions: compresses cheek

Innervation: buccal branch of the facial nerve

Question 5

Depressor anguli oris

Answer 5

Attachments: from mandible to buccal angle

Actions: depresses buccal angle laterally

Innervation: buccal and mandibular branch of the facial nerve

Question 6

Frontalis

Answer 6

Attachments: from the superficial fascia of the eyebrows to the epicranial aponeurosis

Actions: protracts scalp or elevates eyebrows and nose

Innervation: temporal branch of the facial n.

Question 7

Levator labii superioris

Answer 7

Attachments: from the inferior orbital margin to the lateral aspect of the upper lip

Actions: raises and everts upper lip

Innervation: buccal and zygomatic branches of facial n.

Question 8

Nasalis

Answer 8

Attachments: from the maxilla lateral and inferior to the nasal notch to the bridge of ala of the nose

Actions: transverse fibers compress and alar fibers widen the nasal aperature

Innervation: buccal branch of facial nerve

Question 9

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 9

Attachments: from orbital margin and medial palpebral ligament to superficial fascia of the eyelid

Actions: a palpebral sphincter (closes eyes)

Innervation: temporal and zygomatic branches of the facial n.

Question 10

Orbicularis oris

Answer 10

Attachments: from the angle of the mouth to the superficial fascia of upper lip

Actions: an oral sphincter (closes mouth)

Innervation: buccal and mandibular branches of facial n.

Question 11

Platysma

Answer 11

Attachments: from the lower border of the mandible to the superficial fascia of the skin of the neck overlying the clavicle

Actions: wrinkles the anterior nuchal skin

Innervations: cervical branch of the facial n.

Question 12

Zygomaticus major

Answer 12

Attachments: from zygomatic bone to angle of the mouth

Actions: raises the buccal angle

Innervation: buccal and zygomatic branches of facial n.

Question 13

Inferior oblique

Answer 13

Attachments: from the maxilla lateral to the nasolacrimal groove to the inferolateral, posterior aspect of sclera

Actions: elevation, abduction and extorsion of the eye

Innervation: inferior ramus of the oculomotor n.

Question 14

Inferior rectus

Answer 14

Attachments: from the common tendinous ring to the inferior aspect of the sclera

Actions: depression, adduction and extorsion of the eye

Innervation: inferior ramus of the oculomotor n.

Question 15

Levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 15

Attachments: from the inferior aspect to the lesser wing of the sphenoid to the tarsus and skin on the upper lid

Actions: elevation of the upper lid

Innervation: superior ramus of the oculomotor n.

Question 16

Medial rectus

Answer 16

Attachments: from the common tendinous ring to the medial aspect of the sclera

Actions: adduction of the eye

Innervation: inferior ramus of the oculomotor n.

Question 17

Superior rectus

Answer 17

Attachments: from the common tendinous ring to the superior aspect of the sclera

Actions: elevation, adduction, intorsion of the eye

Innervation: superior ramus of the oculomotor n.

Question 18

Lateral rectus

Answer 18

Attachments: from the common tendinous ring to the lateral aspect of the sclera

Actions: abduction of the eye

Innervation: abducens n.

Question 19

Superior oblique

Answer 19

Attachments: from the superomedial, posterior aspect of the orbit to the superolateral, posterior aspect of the sclera passing around the trochlea (superomedial, anterior aspect of the orbit)

Actions: depression, abduction and intorsion of the eye

Innervation: trochlear n.

Question 20

Masseter

Answer 20

Attachments: from the zygomatic arch to the angle of the mandible and lateral aspect of the ramus

Actions: elevation, protraction and retraction (deep fibers) of the mandible

Innervation: mandibular n. (from trigeminal n.)

Question 21

Temporalis

Answer 21

Attachments: from the temporal fossa to the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

Actions: elevation and retraction (posterior aspect of the muscle) of the mandible

Innervation: mandibular n. (from trigeminal n.)

Question 22

Lateral pterygoid

Answer 22

Attachments: from the infratemporal surface to the sphenoid and lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate to the neck of the mandible and the TMJ disc

Actions: depresses mandible, protracts and acts with ipsilateral medial pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce the side-to-side movements during chewing

Innervation: mandibular nerve (V3)

Question 23

Medial pterygoid

Answer 23

Attachments: from the medial surface to the lateral pterygoid plate and adjacent maxilla to the medial aspect of the angle of the mandible

Actions: elevation of the mandible and acts with the ipsilateral lateral pterygoid to rotate the mandible to produce side-to-side movements during trituration of food

Innervation: mandibular nerve (from trigeminal n.)