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1 Upper limb anatomy > 3 Muscles of the upper arm > Flashcards

3 Muscles of the upper arm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two compartments of the arm?

A

Anterior (flexor)
Posterior (extensor)

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2
Q

What are the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

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3
Q

What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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4
Q

What is the vascular supply for the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

Muscular branches of brachial artery

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5
Q

Which muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm is most anterior?

A

Biceps brachii

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6
Q

Where does each head of the biceps brachii muscle originate from?

A

Long, supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short, coracoid process of scapula

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7
Q

Where does tendon of biceps brachii attach distally?

A

Radial tuberosity
Fascia of the forearm (via bicipital aponeurosis, connective tissue off tendon)

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8
Q

What is the function of the biceps brachii?

A

Supination of the forearm
Flexion of the arm at the elbow
Flexion of the arm at the shoulder

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9
Q

What is the biceps brachii tendon reflex testing?

A

C6

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10
Q

Where is the corachobrachialis?

A

Deep anterior compartment of arm proximal to brachialis
From coracoid process of scapula through the axilla to medial amrgin of humeral shaft about midline

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11
Q

What is the function of the corachobrachialis?

A

Flexion of arm at shoulder
Weak adduction of the arm at the shoulder

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12
Q

Where is the brachialis?

A

Deep anterior compartment of arm distal to coracobrachialis
From anterior, medial and lateral surfaces of distal half of humeral shaft to coronoid process of ulnar and ulnar tuberosity

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13
Q

What is the innervation of brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (with some help from radial nerve)

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14
Q

What is the function of the brachialis?

A

Flexion of the elbow

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15
Q

Where does the musculocutaneous nerve come from?

A

The lateral chord of the brachial plexus and enters into arm by perforating the coracobrachialis

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16
Q

Where does the musculocutaneous nerve travel?

A

Between the biceps brachii and brachialis muscle then continuing as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

17
Q

What is the segmental value of musculocutaneous nerve?

A

C5, C6, C7

18
Q

For which part of the forearm does the musculocutaneous nerve carry cutaneous sensations?

A

Lateral part

19
Q

What are the two muscles in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii
Anconeous

20
Q

What is the arterial supply to the triceps brachii?

A

Profunda brachii artery

21
Q

What are the heads of the triceps brachii?

A

Medial (deepest) covered by lateral and long

22
Q

Where do the heads of the triceps brachii originate?

A

Medial - humerus, inferior to radial groove
Lateral - humerus, superior to radial groove
Long - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

23
Q

Where does the tendon of the triceps brachii attach distally?

A

Olecranon of the ulna

24
Q

What is the function of the triceps brachii?

A

Extension of the arm at the elbow

25
Q

What is the innervation of the triceps brachii?

A

Radial nerve

26
Q

What is the triceps brachii tendon reflex testing?

A

C7

27
Q

Where is the anconeus located?

A

Medially and superiorly to extensor compartment of forearm
Blendon with fibres of the triceps brachii

28
Q

Where does the anconeus attach?

A

From lateral epicondyle of the humerus to posterior and lateral part of the olecranon

29
Q

What is the function of the anconeus?

A

Extends the elbow joint
Stabilises the elbow joint
Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm

30
Q

What is the innervation of the anconeus?

A

Radial nerve

31
Q

What does the radial nerve arise from?

A

Terminal branch, posterior cord of the brachial plexus
Enters arm anterior to long head of the triceps brachii

32
Q

How does the radial nerve travel through the arm?

A

Alongside profunda brachiii artery and curves around midshaft od humerus in the radial groove

33
Q

What is the profunda brachial artery a branch of?

A

Brachial artery

34
Q

What is the segmental value of the radial nerve?

A

C5, C6, C7, T1

35
Q

What is a clinical sign of radial nerve injury?

A

Wrist drop as berve supplies extensors of elbow and wrist

1 Upper limb anatomy (13 decks)

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