3 - Male Physiology

Question 1

11 components of male repro system?

Answer 1

• penis
• bulbourethral glands
• ductus deferens
• bladder
• ureter
• seminal vesicle
• prostate gland
• urethra
• epididymis
• testis
• glans penis

Question 2

what creates semen?

Answer 2

seminal vesicles and prostate

Question 3

describe journey of sperm?

Answer 3

produced in testes, travels through vas deferens to reach urethra

Question 4

describe journey of semen?

Answer 4

semen in produced by seminal vesicles and prostate glands and into urethra

Question 5

structure of testis - name 3 parts?

Answer 5

epididymis
tunica albuginea
seminiferous tubules

Question 6

what is tunica albuginea?

Answer 6

fibrous capsule surrounding testes and divides testes into lobules

Question 7

where is sperm produced?

Answer 7

seminiferous tubules

Question 8

name 3 parts of epididymis?

Answer 8

head
body
tail

Question 9

2 functions of testes?

Answer 9

sperm production

testosterone production

Question 10

what is the average time from production to ejaculation for sperm?

Answer 10

64 days

Question 11

function of testosterone in males?

Answer 11

male 2y sexual characteristics

controls spermatogenesis

Question 12

3 types of cells in seminiferous tubules?

Answer 12

germ
interstitial
sertoli

Question 13

function of germ cells?

Answer 13

produce sperm

Question 14

function of sertoli cells?

Answer 14

supports germ cells

produces inhibin

Question 15

function of interstitial cells?

Answer 15

produce testosterone

Question 16

function of pituitary hormones?

Answer 16

FSH and LH -

stimulates spermatogenesis and testosterone secretion

Question 17

function of testosterone and inhibin?

Answer 17

inhibits secretion of GnRH and FSH+LH

Question 18

+ve feedback in males?

Answer 18

Leydig cells in testes

Question 19

-ve feedback in males?

Answer 19

testosterone and inhibin -

both act on anterior pituitary, testosterone acts on hypothalamus also

Question 20

describe 2 stages of spermatogenesis?

Answer 20

1) spermacytogenesis

2) spermiogenesis

Question 21

when does spermatogenesis begin?

Answer 21

@ puberty

Question 22

2 factors affecting spermatogenesis?

Answer 22

medical

lifestyle

Question 23

give 3 examples of pre-testicular medical reasons for male infertility?

Answer 23

excessive weight gain/loss

prolactinoma

Kallmann’s syndrome

Question 24

give 3 examples of testicular medical reasons for male infertility?

Answer 24

STIs

Mumps orchitis

testicular torsion/ trauma

Question 25

give 4 examples of lifestyle reasons for male infertility?

Answer 25

smoking

persistent pollutants (DDT, PCB)

occupational environment

obesity

Question 26

management of infertility - improve lifestyle tips?

Answer 26

BMI control

smoking cessation

decrease alcohol intake

diet

exercise

Question 27

management of infertility - other tips?

Answer 27

optimise underlying conditions

decrease STI risk (treat promptly if diagnosed)

fertility preservation - sperm freezing