3 - Lymphoid Tissue Flashcards
System for protection
Lymphoid tissue
What are the three types of lymphoid tissues?
Loose
Dense
Nodular
Reticular cells and tissue are what type of lymphoid tissue?
Loose
Lymphocyte predominate describes what type of lymphoid cells?
Dense
Free cells in nodules are what type of lymphoid tissue?
Nodular
Loose lymphoid tissue serves what purpose?
Good for “trapping” large molecules
Which is the best of the three lymphoid tissues - its a complex structure that has a variety of cells that stop the foreign materials
Nodular
Lymphocytes associated with cellular immunity are what?
T-cells
What are the 4 types of T-cells?
Helper
Cytotoxic
Memory
Suppressor
Which type of cell is for lymphokine secretion? (Sends out signaling molecules)
Helper
Which type of T-cells are the killer cells; responsible for the destruction of foreign cells
Cytotoxic
Which type of T-cells do we use to develop immunity?
Memory
Which type of T-cells stop helper cells from secreting?
Suppressor
Lymphocytes move through the __________ system
Circulatory
When do lymphocytes enter the tissue?
When they encounter foreign material
________ are associated with cellular immunity
T-cells
What is the function of B-cell lymphocytes?
Secrete compound that leads to immune system help
What triggers B-cell activation?
Antigen (Ag)
What is the active form of a B-cell?
Plasma
Plasma cells secrete ______
Antibodies (Ab)
What are antibodies?
Circulating glycoproteins that cause agglutination of cells and precipitation of soluble Ag leading to phagocytosis
What are the 5 types of immunoglobulins
IgG IgA IgM IgE IgD
What is the function of IgG
Fetal immunity (crosses placenta)
What is the function of IgA?
Protects against micro-organisms
What is the function of IgM?
Activates compliment system (helps immune system cells)
What is the function of IgE?
Allergic Response
What is the function of IgD?
Unknown
Where are the lymph nodes found?
Isolated CT of the respiratory, urinary, & digestive systems
The dark staining, outer part of the lymph nodes is made of
Lymphocytes
The light staining center of the lymph node is what?
The germinal center (activated lymphocytes)
If there is an increase in infection of the body, you will see more ______________
Germinal Centers
Lymph nodes are encased in what?
Connective tissue (usually dense) with trabeculae
As blood travels through arteries, it leaks what substance?
Lymphatic fluid
Lymphatic fluid is more easily recovered in veins or arteries?
Veins
The convex surface of a lymph node is where we see _______ vessels going ______ (in or out)
Afferent
In
The concave hilum of a lymph node is where we see ________ vessels going _______ (in or out)
Efferent
Out
What are the layers of the lymph node outside to inside
Cortex
Paracortex
Medulla
The subscapular sinus is ______ to the lymph node capsule and contains _________ and _________ cells
Deep
Macrophages and reticular cells
What does the medulla contain? (In the lymph node)
Medullary cords and sinuses (and B-cells)
What does the paracortex layer of the lymph node contain?
Lymphoid nodules - mainly T-cells
What does the cortex layer in the lymph node contain?
Lymphocytes - mainly B-cells(?)
What is the function of the cortex? (In the lymph nodes)
Marks molecules as foreign materials
What is the function of the paracortex? (In the lymph nodes)
T-cells destroy they marked protein
What is the function of the medulla? (In the lymph node)
Mark molecules to be destroyed by cells outside the lymph node (like a warning)
When blood leaves the lymph node, where does it go?
Another node or to the venous blood
What do the lymph nodes filter?
Lymphatic fluid AKA lymph AKA Blood plasma
What does the spleen filter?
Blood
What are the two regions of the spleen?
White pulp and red pulp
What is the function of the white pulp?
It function with the immune system and removes foreign material
What is the function of the red pulp?
It removes old blood cells and destroys them
The spleen has what type of capsule?
Dense CT with trabeculae
What would you find in red pulp of the spleen?
Sphlenic sinusoids with longed cords of cells called splenic cordsp
What would you find in the white pulp of the spleen?
Lymphoid nodules and central arteries
Blood slows down as it moves through ________ _________
Sphlenic sinusoids
Where do you find the trabecular artery?
The CT of the spleen
Splenic artery divides into what?
Trabecular artery
The central artery (in the spleen) is surrounded by what?
Lymph nodes
The arteries that leave the central arteries are _________
Penicillar arteries
The _______ artery is surrounded by macrophages and appears after the penicillar artery
Sheathed
The sheathed artery becomes ________
Sinusoids
The sinusoids divide into
Venous return
The central arteries are white or red pulp?
White
Pencillar to venous return are red or white pulp?
Red pulp
Periarterial lymphocytes (AKA PALS) are primary what type of cells? And what type of pulp?
T-cells (some B-cells)
White pulp
What are the three types of tonsils?
Palatine
Pharyngeal
Lingual
What do the tonsils filter?
Air, food, drink
Anything brought in through nose or mouth
The palatine nodules are made of ___________ crypts
20-30
What type of epithelium will you find on the palatine tonsil?
Stratified squamous
The pharyngeal tonsil is made of a ________ surface with ______ crypts
Pleated
No crypts
The palatine tonsils have a _____ capsule
Thick
Pharyngeal tonsils have a ______ capsule
Thin
The pharyngeal tonsils have what type of epithelium?
Respiratory -
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
The lingual tonsils have ______ crypt and _____ capsule
1
NO capsule
What type of epithelium does the lingual tonsil have?
Keratinized stratified squamous
The lingual tonsils are located where?
On the back portion of the tongue
The ________ arches have adenoids which cause snoring
Pharyngeal
The thymus has ______ lymph nodules
0
The dark-staining core of the thymus contains:
T-cells
Reticular cells
Macrophages
What is the function of the thymus?
To make T-lymphocytes
The lighter staining inner portion of the thymus contains:
Loose lymphoid tissue with Hassal’s corpuscles
___________________ are several layers of flattened cells, concentrically arranged reticular cells, and T-cells
Hassal’s corpuscles
What type of capsule the thymus have?
Dense CT with trabeculae
