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Histology > 3 - Lymphoid Tissue > Flashcards

3 - Lymphoid Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

System for protection

A

Lymphoid tissue

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2
Q

What are the three types of lymphoid tissues?

A

Loose
Dense
Nodular

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3
Q

Reticular cells and tissue are what type of lymphoid tissue?

A

Loose

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4
Q

Lymphocyte predominate describes what type of lymphoid cells?

A

Dense

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5
Q

Free cells in nodules are what type of lymphoid tissue?

A

Nodular

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6
Q

Loose lymphoid tissue serves what purpose?

A

Good for “trapping” large molecules

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7
Q

Which is the best of the three lymphoid tissues - its a complex structure that has a variety of cells that stop the foreign materials

A

Nodular

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8
Q

Lymphocytes associated with cellular immunity are what?

A

T-cells

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9
Q

What are the 4 types of T-cells?

A

Helper
Cytotoxic
Memory
Suppressor

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10
Q

Which type of cell is for lymphokine secretion? (Sends out signaling molecules)

A

Helper

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11
Q

Which type of T-cells are the killer cells; responsible for the destruction of foreign cells

A

Cytotoxic

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12
Q

Which type of T-cells do we use to develop immunity?

A

Memory

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13
Q

Which type of T-cells stop helper cells from secreting?

A

Suppressor

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14
Q

Lymphocytes move through the __________ system

A

Circulatory

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15
Q

When do lymphocytes enter the tissue?

A

When they encounter foreign material

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16
Q

________ are associated with cellular immunity

A

T-cells

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17
Q

What is the function of B-cell lymphocytes?

A

Secrete compound that leads to immune system help

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18
Q

What triggers B-cell activation?

A

Antigen (Ag)

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19
Q

What is the active form of a B-cell?

A

Plasma

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20
Q

Plasma cells secrete ______

A

Antibodies (Ab)

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21
Q

What are antibodies?

A

Circulating glycoproteins that cause agglutination of cells and precipitation of soluble Ag leading to phagocytosis

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22
Q

What are the 5 types of immunoglobulins

A 
IgG
IgA
IgM
IgE
IgD
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23
Q

What is the function of IgG

A

Fetal immunity (crosses placenta)

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24
Q

What is the function of IgA?

A

Protects against micro-organisms

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25
Q

What is the function of IgM?

A

Activates compliment system (helps immune system cells)

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26
Q

What is the function of IgE?

A

Allergic Response

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27
Q

What is the function of IgD?

A

Unknown

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28
Q

Where are the lymph nodes found?

A

Isolated CT of the respiratory, urinary, & digestive systems

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29
Q

The dark staining, outer part of the lymph nodes is made of

A

Lymphocytes

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30
Q

The light staining center of the lymph node is what?

A

The germinal center (activated lymphocytes)

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31
Q

If there is an increase in infection of the body, you will see more ______________

A

Germinal Centers

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32
Q

Lymph nodes are encased in what?

A

Connective tissue (usually dense) with trabeculae

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33
Q

As blood travels through arteries, it leaks what substance?

A

Lymphatic fluid

34
Q

Lymphatic fluid is more easily recovered in veins or arteries?

A

Veins

35
Q

The convex surface of a lymph node is where we see _______ vessels going ______ (in or out)

A

Afferent

In

36
Q

The concave hilum of a lymph node is where we see ________ vessels going _______ (in or out)

A

Efferent

Out

37
Q

What are the layers of the lymph node outside to inside

A

Cortex
Paracortex
Medulla

38
Q

The subscapular sinus is ______ to the lymph node capsule and contains _________ and _________ cells

A

Deep

Macrophages and reticular cells

39
Q

What does the medulla contain? (In the lymph node)

A

Medullary cords and sinuses (and B-cells)

40
Q

What does the paracortex layer of the lymph node contain?

A

Lymphoid nodules - mainly T-cells

41
Q

What does the cortex layer in the lymph node contain?

A

Lymphocytes - mainly B-cells(?)

42
Q

What is the function of the cortex? (In the lymph nodes)

A

Marks molecules as foreign materials

43
Q

What is the function of the paracortex? (In the lymph nodes)

A

T-cells destroy they marked protein

44
Q

What is the function of the medulla? (In the lymph node)

A

Mark molecules to be destroyed by cells outside the lymph node (like a warning)

45
Q

When blood leaves the lymph node, where does it go?

A

Another node or to the venous blood

46
Q

What do the lymph nodes filter?

A

Lymphatic fluid AKA lymph AKA Blood plasma

47
Q

What does the spleen filter?

A

Blood

48
Q

What are the two regions of the spleen?

A

White pulp and red pulp

49
Q

What is the function of the white pulp?

A

It function with the immune system and removes foreign material

50
Q

What is the function of the red pulp?

A

It removes old blood cells and destroys them

51
Q

The spleen has what type of capsule?

A

Dense CT with trabeculae

52
Q

What would you find in red pulp of the spleen?

A

Sphlenic sinusoids with longed cords of cells called splenic cordsp

53
Q

What would you find in the white pulp of the spleen?

A

Lymphoid nodules and central arteries

54
Q

Blood slows down as it moves through ________ _________

A

Sphlenic sinusoids

55
Q

Where do you find the trabecular artery?

A

The CT of the spleen

56
Q

Splenic artery divides into what?

A

Trabecular artery

57
Q

The central artery (in the spleen) is surrounded by what?

A

Lymph nodes

58
Q

The arteries that leave the central arteries are _________

A

Penicillar arteries

59
Q

The _______ artery is surrounded by macrophages and appears after the penicillar artery

A

Sheathed

60
Q

The sheathed artery becomes ________

A

Sinusoids

61
Q

The sinusoids divide into

A

Venous return

62
Q

The central arteries are white or red pulp?

A

White

63
Q

Pencillar to venous return are red or white pulp?

A

Red pulp

64
Q

Periarterial lymphocytes (AKA PALS) are primary what type of cells? And what type of pulp?

A

T-cells (some B-cells)

White pulp

65
Q

What are the three types of tonsils?

A

Palatine
Pharyngeal
Lingual

66
Q

What do the tonsils filter?

A

Air, food, drink

Anything brought in through nose or mouth

67
Q

The palatine nodules are made of ___________ crypts

A

20-30

68
Q

What type of epithelium will you find on the palatine tonsil?

A

Stratified squamous

69
Q

The pharyngeal tonsil is made of a ________ surface with ______ crypts

A

Pleated

No crypts

70
Q

The palatine tonsils have a _____ capsule

A

Thick

71
Q

Pharyngeal tonsils have a ______ capsule

A

Thin

72
Q

The pharyngeal tonsils have what type of epithelium?

A

Respiratory -

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar

73
Q

The lingual tonsils have ______ crypt and _____ capsule

A

1

NO capsule

74
Q

What type of epithelium does the lingual tonsil have?

A

Keratinized stratified squamous

75
Q

The lingual tonsils are located where?

A

On the back portion of the tongue

76
Q

The ________ arches have adenoids which cause snoring

A

Pharyngeal

77
Q

The thymus has ______ lymph nodules

A

0

78
Q

The dark-staining core of the thymus contains:

A

T-cells
Reticular cells
Macrophages

79
Q

What is the function of the thymus?

A

To make T-lymphocytes

80
Q

The lighter staining inner portion of the thymus contains:

A

Loose lymphoid tissue with Hassal’s corpuscles

81
Q

___________________ are several layers of flattened cells, concentrically arranged reticular cells, and T-cells

A

Hassal’s corpuscles

82
Q

What type of capsule the thymus have?

A

Dense CT with trabeculae

Histology (13 decks)

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