Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FUN > 3. Lipids > Flashcards

3. Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

What are fatty acids?

A

Hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain with a terminal carboxyl group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a saturated fatty acid?

A

Single carbon bonds only

High flexible due to free rotation around single bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are unsaturated fatty acids?

A

Contain one or more double bond
If there are more than one the bonds are placed at 3 carbon intervals
Position is specified by distance from carboxy end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are essential fatty acids?

A

Cannot be made in the body

Linoleic acid and alpha linolenic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What conditions are associated with essential fatty acid deficiencies?

A

Scaly dermatitis

Visual and neurological abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are prostaglandins?

A

Eicosanoids with a short half life

Roles in inflammation and platelet homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How are prostaglandins made?

A

By cyclooxygenase using arachidonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are leucotrienes?

A

Eicosanoids
Longer half life
Roles in inflammation and neutrophil adhesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are leucotrienes made?

A

By lipooxygenase using arachidonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of TAGs?

A

Storage of energy in adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of DAGs?

A

Intracellular signaller

Mobilisation of calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which sphingolipid contains H as its R group?

A

Ceramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which sphingolipid contains phosphocholine as its R group?

A

Sphingomyelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What group of sphingolipids contain sugar?

A

Glycosphingolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which glycosphingolipid contains galactose or glucose?

A

Cerebroside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which glycosphingolipid contains a sugar with sialic acid?

A

Ganglioside

17
Q

What is characteristic of a steroid?

A

Fused ring system with a hydroxyl or keto group on carbon 3

18
Q

Name some major classes of steroids

A 
Cholesterol
Bile acids
Progesterone and adrenocortical steroids
Androgens
Estrogens
19
Q

What are lipopolysaccharides?

A

Found in the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria
Endotoxins
Trigger strong immune response

20
Q

What are terpenes?

A

Any of a class of organic compounds composed of two or more units of hydrocarbons

21
Q

What does MCAD do?

A

Involved in mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation

22
Q

What are the main clinical signs of an MCAD deficiency?

A

Intolerance to prolonged fasting
Hypoglycaemia
Impaired ketogenesis
Recurrent episodes of hypoglycaemic come

23
Q

How is an MCAD deficiency managed?

A

Avoid fasting

Glucose supplements

FUN (46 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions