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MED 101- PHYSICS I > 3. FORCES AND NEWTONS LAWS > Flashcards

3. FORCES AND NEWTONS LAWS Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What is the definition of a force?
A
  • a force is a measurable influence that causes something to move
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2
Q
  1. What is Force fundamentally?
A
  • it is anything that is measurable
  • and causes a change in the motion of an object
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3
Q
  1. What is Newtons First Law?
A
  • Newton’s first Law states that any object continues at rest, or at constant velocity, unless an external force acts on it.
  • this external force can be a net or resultant force
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4
Q
  1. What gives an object acceleration?
A
  • an external force that acts on the object
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5
Q
  1. Give two points about the acceleration produced by an external force acting on an object?
A
  • the acceleration is proportional to the force applied
  • it is also inversely proportional to the force over the mass
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6
Q
  1. State Newton’s 2nd Law?
A
  • when a Net Force acts on an object with mass (m), the object will accelerate in the direction of the Net Force
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7
Q
  1. What is the equation for Newton’s 2nd Law?
A
  • F=ma
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8
Q
  1. What is the SI unit of Force?
A
  • a Newton (N)
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9
Q
  1. What is the definition of a Gravitational Field?
A
  • it is the force acting per unit of mass
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10
Q
  1. What is the definition of Weight (Fg)
A
  • this is the Gravitational Force that the Earth exerts on any object on or near its surface
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11
Q
  1. What is the direction of the Gravitational Force that acts on an object?
A
  • downwards towards the centre of the Earth
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12
Q
  1. How does one work out the weight of an object?
A
  • W= mg
  • g= 9.81 m/s2
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13
Q
  1. Is the weight of an object Force or Mass?
A
  • it is a force
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14
Q
  1. What value does one see when they measure themselves on a bathroom scale?
A
  • we see our mass in kg
  • this is the same as our Weight in Newtons, with one zero being removed
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15
Q
  1. When an object is at rest, is there a gravitational force acting on it?
    If so, why?
A
  • Yes
  • the gravitational force on the object does not disappear
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16
Q
  1. When there is a Gravitational Force acting on an object, does the object move?
    If not, why?
A
  • NO
  • this is due to Newton’s 2nd Law
  • the net force of an object at rest is Zero
  • this means that there is another force balancing out the gravitational force acting on the object
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17
Q
  1. What is the name of the force that balances out the Gravitational Force when an object is at rest?
A
  • the Normal Force
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18
Q
  1. What kind of force is a Normal Force?
    What does this entail?
A
  • it is a contact force
  • it means that this force occurs when one object is in contact with another
19
Q
  1. Provide the definition and the symbol of a Normal Force?
A
  • the perpendicular force exerted by a surface on an object in contact with it
  • Symbol: FN
20
Q
  1. What does Newton’s Third Law State?
    Provide 2 points.
A
  • it states that Forces come in pairs
  • for every force that is applied to a body, there is a force applied by that body
21
Q
  1. Provide a definition for Newton’s 3rd Law?
A
  • when Object A exerts a force on Object B, Object B simultaneously exerts an oppositely directed force of equal magnitude on Object A
22
Q
  1. What does the “Action” Force refer to?
A
  • it is the force applied by one object on another object
23
Q
  1. What is the counterpart force to the “Action” Force?
A
  • the reaction force
24
Q
  1. Do Action and Reaction forces act on the same object?
A
  • NO
  • they act on different objects
25
Q
  1. Answer the following question?
A
  • the Fg and the FN force are acting on the same object
  • this does not abide with Newton’s 3rd Law
  • In order for Newton’s 3rd Law to be acceptable, the action and reaction forces need to be acting on different objects
26
Q
  1. What are the 4 Fundamental Forces?
A
  • Electromagnetic Forces
  • Gravitational Forces
  • Strong Nuclear Forces
  • Weak Nuclear Forces
27
Q
  1. What are the 3 Derived Forces?
A
  • Normal Force
  • Tension Force
  • Friction Force
28
Q
  1. What is a Tension Force?
A
  • the force that is exerted on an object by a cord (rope/cable/etc) that is attached to the object and pulled tightly
  • the cord pulls on the object with a force that is directed away from the body and along the cord
29
Q
  1. Why is this force called a Tension Force?
A
  • the cord is said to be under tension
  • or in a state of tension
30
Q
  1. What are the 2 assumptions about the Chord when we are talking about Tension Force?
A
  • it is massless
  • it is unstretchable
31
Q
  1. What does Massless mean?
A
  • the mass of the chord is negligible (unimportant) compared to the mass of the object it is acting on
32
Q
  1. What does Unstretchable mean?
A
  • the cord exists only as a connection between 2 objects
  • it pulls on both objects with the same force magnitude (T)
33
Q
  1. What is Frictional Force?
A
  • the resistance to the object’s movement by a bonding between the object and the surface
34
Q
  1. Provide a definition for Frictional Force (due to a surface) and the symbol for it.
A
  • The force that opposes the motion of an object AND acts parallel to the surface with which the object is in contact

  • it acts in the opposite direction of the intended motion of the object

SYMBOL: Ff

35
Q
  1. Provide a definition for Static Friction.
A
  • it is the frictional force on a stationary object that opposes the tendency of motion of the object
36
Q
  1. What is the maximum static friction?
A
  • the magnitude of the Static Friction will increase from 0N
  • this happens as the Fg// increases
  • this happens until the maximum static friction is reached
  • this is the magnitude of the friction when the object just begins to move
37
Q
  1. What is kinetic Friction?
A
  • it is the frictional force on a moving object that opposes the motion of the object.
38
Q
  1. What is the general formula to calculate the coefficients of Friction?
A

f= uN

39
Q
  1. What is the formula for max static friction?
A
40
Q
  1. What is the formula for Kinetic Friction?
A
41
Q
  1. What can be said about the magnitudes of the coefficients of static and kinetic friction?
A
  • the coefficient of kinetic friction is always smaller than the coefficient of static friction
42
Q
  1. Read through this summary, do you understand it?
A
  • Yes
43
Q
  1. Read through this summary, do you understand it?
A
  • Yes

MED 101- PHYSICS I (28 decks)

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