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MED 101- PHYSICS I > 1. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES > Flashcards

1. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. What 2 major areas does Medical Physics refer to?
A
  • Physics of Physiology
  • Clinical Medical Physics
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2
Q
  1. What does Physics of Physiology mean?
A
  • the Application of Physics Principles to help understand the function of the human body in health and disease
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3
Q
  1. What does Clinical Physics mean?
A
  • the Application of Physics in the instruments used in diagnosis and treatment
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4
Q
  1. What is Physics based on?
A
  • the verification of theories by experiments
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5
Q
  1. What is physics all about?
A
  • it is about quantities
  • not about numbers
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6
Q
  1. Why do physicists insist on the use of units?
A
  • they help to differentiate between different measurements
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7
Q
  1. What is a unit?
A
  • it is a carefully defined amount of some quantity
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8
Q
  1. How do we measure each physical quantity?
A
  • we measure each physical quantity in its own units
  • these are compared to a standard
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9
Q
  1. Name the 7 types of fundamental quantities?
A
  • length
  • time
  • mass
  • electrical current
  • temperature
  • amount of the substance
  • luminosity
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10
Q
  1. Can these fundamental physical quantities be combined?
A
  • Yes, and they form different physical quantities
  • EG: Speed= d/t
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11
Q
  1. What is the definition of a system of units?
A
  • A system of units is a convention which defines the standard amounts of units of a set of fundamental quantities
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12
Q
  1. What is another term for these standard units?
A
  • they are called Base Units
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13
Q
  1. What is the name of the system of units that is used almost exclusively in science?
A
  • the SI system
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14
Q
  1. What kind of system is the SI system of units?
A
  • it is a metric system
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15
Q
  1. Specify the units used for these measurement types:

15.1: Length
15.2: Time
15.3: Mass

A
  • metres (m)
  • seconds (s)
  • kilograms (kg)
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16
Q
  1. What are the 7 prefixes we use in units to make a value much greater or smaller?
A
  • pico
  • nano
  • micro
  • mili
  • kilo
  • mega
  • giga
17
Q
  1. What are the values and the symbols of the following prefixes:

17.1: pico
17.2: nano
17.3: micro
17.4: mili
17.5: kilo
17.6: mega
17.7: giga

A
  • 10 to the -12 (p)
  • 10 to the -9 (n)
  • 10 to the -6 (u)
  • 10 to the -3 (m)
  • 10 to the 3 (k)
  • 10 to the 6 (M)
  • 10 to the 9 (G)
18
Q
  1. What is the definition of Accuracy?
A
  • it refers to how close a given measurement is to an accepted standard
19
Q
  1. What is the definition of Precision?
A
  • it refers to the reproducibility (how many times it can be copied) of a measurement
  • it is not necessarily related to the accuracy of a measurement
20
Q
  1. What limits accuracy?
A
  • the uncontrollable factors
21
Q
  1. What are significant figures?
A
  • they are all the numbers in a given value.
  • this does not include the zero/zero’s in the front of the value
  • or the zeros after the full stop
22
Q
  1. What makes a value/ answer more precise?
A
  • the more significant figures there are, the more precise the answer will be
23
Q
  1. What are the 3 rules when it comes to establishing how many significant figures should be used?
A
  1. use all the available digits in the calculations.
    - round off only the final answer and no other value
  2. when multiplying or dividing two numbers, the solution should be rounded to the same number of significant figures as the number in the calculation with the SMALLEST amount of significant figures
  3. when adding or subtracting two numbers, the solution should be rounded to the same number of decimal places as the number in the calculation with the SMALLEST amount of decimal places
24
Q
  1. Are leading zeros significant or not?
A
  • they are never significant
25
Q
  1. Are imbedded zeros significant or not?
A
  • they are always significant
26
Q
  1. How is the significance of trailing zeros established
A
  • they are significant only if the decimal point is specified

HINT: change the number to scientific notation to see the values more clearly

MED 101- PHYSICS I (28 decks)

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