3. Cognitive Control Flashcards
Prefrontal devo/evol
devo’s and evol’s slowly
gray matter thins for it last
control network devo’s slowly
Hubs of control network
Middle Frontal Gyrus = working memory/reasoning
Inferior Frontal Gyrus = response inhibition
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex = conflict processing, monitor, decisions
IntraParietal Sulcus = space, number
Functional gradients in PFC
medial = internal
lateral = external
anterior = abstract
posterior = concrete
Examples of work memory tasks
spatial span (where objects were on grid)
repeating sequences
determine if item was in sequence
determine if item was present “n” trials ago
Prefrontal neurons during working memory
Active and Task-Selective during delay
some neurons track what object was, others do where object was
holding the info, where trace is
PFC interacting with perceptual areas
PFC active during delay period, and more active the more things to remember. ramps up during encoding and stays high during delay, back down when retrieved
Trace is NOT in perceptual areas, gets transferred to PFC
PFC can influence visual areas
top-down control of paying more attention to certain stimuli based on cue condition
what is Inhibition and example tasks
ability to stop oneself from doing something
go no go
stroop task
stop signal
area for inhibition
Right Inferior Frontal Cortex (rIFG)
rIFG does inhibition
M1 active when go and failed stop
rIFG active when try to stop even if do response
Lateral frontal damage
causes no flexbility
perseveration
problems with goal-directed behaviors
utilization behavior (improper use of objects, can’t break habits even if not useful)
better insight ! (more creativity, like kids because this not devo yet, no cog control to constrain the search)
Flexibility and example task and area
Dorsolateral PFC
ability to switch between goals
A not B (7-9 months can’t do because dorsolateral PFC not devo’d yet, if lesion this on monkeys, they do A not B error too)
dimensional change card sorting
letter-number switching
