3: Biodiversity Flashcards
What is biodiversity (2)
- Number and variety of species found within specified geographic region
- Variability among living organisms on the earth (between and within species)
What are the six kingdoms
- Eubacteria
- Archaea
- Protista
- Plantae
- Fungi
- Animalia
What is the CESCC? What is its role?
Canadian Endangered Species Conservation Committee
- Prepare recovery strategies, action plans
- Coordinate activities of various governments represented on the council relating to protection of at risk speices
Levels of ecological diversity
- Biogeographic realms
- Biomes
- Provinces
- Ecoregions
- Ecosystems
- Habitat
- Populations
Levels of organismal diversity
- Domains or kingdoms
- Phyla
- Families
- Genera
- Species
- Subspecies
- Populations
- Individuals
Levels of genetic diversity
- Populations
- Individuals
- Chromosomes
- Genes
- Nucleotides
Three forms of variation in a species
Within individuals
Among individuals
Among populations
Sources of differences between populations
Genetic drift, founder effect, natural selection, artificial selection
What is a keystone species
a species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically
if the species were to disappear from the ecosystem, no other species would be able to fill its ecological niche
What can affect biodiversity over space and time
- Geography: latitude, longitude, altitude
- Climate: temperature, rainfall, stability
- Soils
- Primary productivity
- Human history of occupation
Name the different biodiversity measures
- diversity
- evenness
- intactness
- rate of change
- ecological functions
Three ways of measuring diversity
- alpha (local): species richness within sites
- gamma (regional): species richness across all sites (per region)
- beta (species turnover): mean difference in species richness among/between sites (gamma/alpha)
Slides 46 and 47
Good example q
Areas with high beta relative to alpha tend to have high…
Endemism, vulnerability to extinction
What is the intactness index
Shows the change in the abundance of a species in response to human footprint (comparing the abundance in an undisturbed area vs disturbed)
