3/6/13 Flashcards
When do the Sx of hyperemesis gravidarum usu occur?
wks 4-10
When hyperemesis begins after ___ wks or persists beyond ___ wks, another etiology should be considered.
10; 20
What causes the elevated amylase and lipase in hyperemesis gravidarum?
salivary glands d/t vomiting
What are the 3 indications for delivery of the infant in HELLP syndrome?
> 34 wks, maternal or fetal distress, fetal lung maturity
At what gestational age should pregnant mothers be screened for diabetes?
24-28 wks
What are the first two signs of megnesium toxicity in order?
- reduced DTRs
2. respi depression
What is the emergency Tx of Mg++ toxicity?
calcium gluconate
How does Mg++ cause toxicity (2 reasons)?
CNS depression, blocks transmission at neuromuscular junction
What is the mechanism of hypotension as a side effect of epidural anesthesia?
sympathetic fiber block leads to venodilation and pooling in lower limbs
What are the 2 main stimuli for milk production following delivery?
decrease in estrogen and progesterone (no longer inhibit prolactin) and suckling, which releases prolactin and oxytocin
What hormone is reponsible for milk production?
prolactin
Which hormone is responsible for milk ejection (contraction of lactiferous glands and ducts)?
oxytocin
How is lactation suppression accomplished?
tight-fitting bra, avoidance of nipple manipulation, and ice packs
What do you call heavy vaginal bleeding that occurs in the absence of any structural or organic disease?
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB)
What are the risk factors that require a woman with DUB to undergo endometrial biopsy? How many risk factors need to be met for biopsy?
age >35, obese, chronically hypertensive, or diabetic; just 1
What is the definition of a threatened abortion?
any hemorrhage before the 20th wk w/ a live fetus and a closed cervix
What is the first step in a suspected threatened abortion?
US verification that fetus is alive
What should be done once a threatened abortion is confirmed?
follow-up US after 1 wk
What is clomiphene citrate?
estrogen analog
What does clomiphene do?
causes ovulation
How does clomiphene cause ovulation?
improves GnRH and FSH release
